Polysaccharides of polygonatum VIII. Structure of a glucofructan from Polygonatum sewerzowii mass-spectrometric properties of peracetates of fructooligosaccharides

By partial hydrolysis, tetra- and pentafructooligosaccharides have been obtained fromPolygonatum sewerzowii Regel. Structures of the individual tetra-and pentasaccharides have been proposed on the basis of the results of¹³C NMR and mass spectrometry. In the¹³C NMR spectrum a signal with a chemical shift of 76.5 ppm has been detected which is characteristic for the C-4 atom of a nonterminal unit. Consequently, the pentasaccharide has mixed 2 1 and 2 6 bonds in the chain. A comparative mass-spectrometric study of isomeric trisaccharide peracetates has been performed.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 146–151, March–April, 1986.     

Polysaccharides ofPolygonatum II. A study of the dynamics of the accumulation of the polysaccharides ofPolygonatum sewerzowii

Summary The amounts of water-soluble polysaccharides in various organs ofPolygonatum sewerzowii in different vegetation periods have been determined and their polysaccharide compositions have been established.The maximum amount of water-soluble polysaccharides is present in the leaves and stems in the fruit-bearing period, in the roots at the time of budding, and in the rhizomes at the time of flowering. The quantitatively predominating component in the polysaccharides of the stems is galactose, and in the leaves, roots, and rhizomes, mannose. D-Mannose has been isolated from the rhizomes and leaves.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 11, pp. 3–5, January–February, 1979.     

Carbohydrates ofAllium. II. A new type of glucofructan fromAllium sativum

By fractionating the total glucofructan from the bulbs ofAllium sativum L. a homogeneous glucofructan with a molecular weight of 2300 has been isolated. On the basis of its characteristics, a comparison of IR and¹³C NMR spectra, and the results of periodate and chromium trioxide oxidation and of methylation, it has been established that this glucofructan is a new type of compound of this class, containing both inulin (2 → 1) and levan (2 → 6) glycosidic bonds.     

Plant polysaccharides VII. Polysaccharides ofMorus and their hypoglycemic activity

Water-soluble polysaccharides, pectin substances, and hemicelluloses have been isolated fromMorus leaves, and their qualitative and quantitative compositions have been determined. The polysaccharides obtained by extraction with hot water have been investigated for hypoglycemic activity. A polysaccharide fromMorus alba proved to have the highest sugar-lowering activity.Materials presented at the IInd International Symposium of the Chemistry of Natural Compounds.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 789–791, November–December, 1997.     

Alkaloids of Korolkowia sewerzowii. Structure of korselidine

Two new alkaloids have been isolated from the combined alkaloids of the epigeal part ofKorolkowia sewerzowii Regel.: a base with mp 272–274°C (methanol) and the alkaloid korselidine. As a result of a study of the chemical and physical properties of the alkaloid itself and of the products of its transformation, the structure and partial configuration of 3, 6, 20-trihydroxy-27-methylcevanine has been established for korselidine.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 34–36, January–February, 1989.     

Polysaccharides ofPolygonatum. VI. A study of the structure of a glucomannan fromPolygonatum sewerzowii by13C NMR spectroscopy,electron microscopy,and x-radiography

A phytoecdysteroid, sileneoside D, has been isolated from the roots ofSilene brahuica Boiss. and it has been shown to be ecdysterone 3-O--D-galactopyranoside.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 741–744, November–December, 1984.     

A New Furostanol Glycoside from Polygonatum odoratum

A new furostanol component glycosylated only at C-26 was isolated from the rhizomes of Polygonatum odoratum(Mill.)Druce,and its structure was characterized as 22-hydroxy-25(R and S)furost-5-en-12-on-3β,22,26-triol 26-O-β-D-glucopyranoside on the basis of spectroscopic techniques and chemical methods.     

Polysaccharides ofUngernia. VII. Partial hydrolysis of the mannan of the bulbs ofU. vvedenskyi

4-O--D-Manopyranosyl-D-mannose, O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(14)-D-mannose, and 0--D-mannopyranosyl-(14)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-O--D-mannopyranosyl-(l4)-D-mannose have been isolated fron the products of the partial hydrolysis of ungeromannan-V, obtained fron the bulbs ofUngernia vvedneskyi, and have been identified. This set of oligosaccharides confirms the regular structure of the carbohydrate chain of ungeromannan-V, which consists of a linear sequence of -14-bound D-mannose residues.DeceasedTranslated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedineii, No. 4, pp. 434–436, July–August, 1981.     

Polysaccharides of saponin-bearing plants VII. Study of the polyssaccharides of the roots ofAllochrusa paniculata

Water-soluble polysaccharides, pectin substances, and hemicelluloses have been isolated from the roots ofAllochrusa paniculata. According to the results of analysis, the neutral polysaccharide found belongs to the glucoarabinogalactan type and differs from the neutral polysaccharide of the roots of A. gypsophiloides by the presence of arabinose.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, fax (3712) 89 14 75. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 549–551, July–August, 1995. Original article submitted October 24, 1994.     

Polysaccharides of Ungernia. XIV. A mannan from Ungernia trisphaera bulbs

The group carbohydrate composition of the bulbs ofUngernia trisphaera has been studied. The homogeneous ungeromannan-Tr, acetylated in the native state, has been isolated. On the basis of the results of periodate oxidation, methylation, partial hydrolysis, and IR and¹³C NMR spectroscopy, it has been shown that ungeromannan-Tr consists of a linear polymer D-mannopyranose with -(1 4)-glycosidic bonds.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 21–25, January–February, 1986.