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Zn-Al水滑石催化碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换反应的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
用共沉淀法制备了Zn-Al水滑石,并用于多相催化酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯的反应.研究了不同n(Zn)/n(Al)比的水滑石及其焙烧产物等对酯交换反应的催化活性.结果表明,Zn-Al水滑石催化剂对该反应的催化活性和选择性很高,当n(Zn)/n(Al)=3时,在150~180℃,n(PhOH)/n(DMC)=2,催化剂用量为反应物总质量的1.5%,在反应时间为12h的条件下,DMC的转化率达到55.9%,DPC和MPC的收率分别为25.3%和27.0%,酯交换产物的选择性达到93.6%.利用XRD,TG-DTA和TEM等手段对催化剂进行了表征. 相似文献
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钛酸酯催化碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换反应 总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15
The transesterification of phenol and dimethyl carbonate (DMC) to diphenyl carbonate (DPC) was studied using tetrabutyl titanate and tetraphenyl titanate as catalysts. The main product was found to be methyl phenyl carbonate (MPC) which is an intermediate of the reaction. The selectivity for DPC was improved when increasing the phenol/DMC molar ratio or prolonging the reaction time. The phenol conversion, selectivity for MPC and DPC were 47 4%, 90 9% and 9 14%, respectively, when the transesterification reaction approached equilibrium under the conditions of 175 ℃, 25 h and DMC∶phenol∶ Ti(OBu) 4 molar ratio of 1 5∶1∶0 05. The selectivity for DPC could reach 12.2% when the reaction time was 30 h. The tetrabutyl titanate catalyst showed a higher catalytic activity than tetraphenyl titanate. 相似文献
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有机阴离子柱撑水滑石催化酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
A series of organic anion-pillared hydrotalcites were synthesized by the ion exchange method and characterized by X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The hydrotalcite precursor and pillared hydrotalcites with different anions was tested as catalysts in transesterification of dimethyl carbonate (DMC) with phenol. The results show that the catalytic selectivity of this transesterification reaction over these organic anion-pillared hydrotalcites is significantly improved. The catalytic selectivities of C4H4O4-, C6H8O4-, C10H16O4-, 1,4-C8H4O4-, and C7H5O2-pillared hydrotalcites for transesterified products (diphenyl carbonate and methyl phenyl carbonate) are all greater than 90%, at least 10% higher than that of the hydrotalcite precursor. Under the conditions of n(phenol)/n(DMC)=4, catalyst amount=1.5%, and t=10 h, the C6H8O4-pillared hydrotalcite presents the best catalytic performance, and the DMC conversion and the selectivity for transesterified products reach 43.8% and 93.2%, respectively. 相似文献
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类水滑石催化酯交换反应活性、寿命及失活原因研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究了5种不同阳离子组合的类水滑石对碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换反应的催化活性和ZnAl, MgAl水滑石的使用寿命. 结果显示, 类水滑石的催化性能与组成的阳离子性质有关: 三价阳离子的性质影响类水滑石的催化活性高低, 二价阳离子的性质则影响其使用寿命长短. 通过对失活原因的研究发现, 特征的层状结构形式是类水滑石具有活性的关键: 层状结构塌陷, 活性随之消失; 层状结构稳定, 使用寿命长. 当苯酚与碳酸二甲酯的摩尔比为2∶1, 催化剂的质量分数为原料总质量的1%, 反应时间8 h时, MgAl水滑石具有最优的催化性能: 碳酸二甲酯转化率51.8%, 酯交换产物选择性94.2%, 5次循环使用后催化活性保持稳定. 其催化性能明显优于文献报道的其它相关固体催化剂. 相似文献
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钛酸酯催化碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换反应的研究 总被引:20,自引:0,他引:20
用Ti(OBu)4、Ti[OCH(CH3)2]4和T(OPh)43种钛酸酯作催化剂,对碳酸二甲酯(DMC)与苯酯的酯交换反应进行了研究。以Ti(OBu)4为催化剂,对反应的热力学、原料配比、催化剂用量、反应温度和反应时间等工艺条件进行了考察 。实验表明,当DMC:苯酚:Ti(OBu)4(摩尔比)=1.5:1:0.05、反应温度175℃、反应时间为25h时,酯交换反应基本上达到平衡,苯酚的转化率为47.4%,MPC的选择性为90.9%,DPC的选择性为9.14%. 相似文献
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研究了二丁基氧化锡催化碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯的反应机理, 发现原料苯酚和产物DPC都能与二丁基氧化锡生成同一种中间体, 并测定了其晶体结构. 该晶体属于单斜晶系, P21/n空间群; 晶胞参数: a=1.3336(2) nm, b=1.7208(2) nm, c=1.3759(3) nm, β=101.00(2)°; V=3.0993(9) nm3; Dc=1.432 g/cm3; Z=4; F(000)=1352; μ=1.635 mm-1. 分析结果显示该中间体是一种新型的二聚四烃基二锡氧烷化合物[Bu2Sn(OPh)OSnBu2O(Ph)]2 (I), 该化合物具有中心对称的层状结构. MS和XPS结果证实I在酯交换反应条件下能稳定存在. 基于实验结果, 本文提出了一个合理的酯交换反应机理. 相似文献
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钒-铜复合氧化物催化碳酸二甲酯和苯酚酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
采用共沉淀法制备了一种用于碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯的新型钒-铜复合氧化物催化剂.考察了V/Cu配比对催化剂性能的影响以及催化剂的重复使用效果,并用X射线衍射对催化剂的结构进行了表征.结果发现,在焙烧温度为550℃,V∶Cu摩尔比为4∶1条件下制得催化剂的活性最高,该催化剂上苯酚的转化率为37.0%,甲基苯基碳酸酯及碳酸二苯酯的总选择性为96.8%.由X射线衍射表征结果可知,该催化剂的物相组成为V2O5和CuV2O6.催化剂使用三次后苯酚转化率从37.0%降至23.7%,多次重复使用后的催化剂在空气气氛中焙烧即可再生,再生催化剂的催化性能几乎和新鲜催化剂相当,其苯酚转化率达到36.2%. 相似文献
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碳酸二甲酯与苯酚酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯的热力学性质及均相催化剂 总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6
在298.15K,101.325kPa条件下,液态碳酸二甲酯(DMC)的标准Gibbs自由能和熵分别估算为-472.3kJ*mol-1和245.2J*mol-1*K-1.在298K~523K计算了由DMC和苯酚生成碳酸二苯酯(DPC)和苯甲醚反应的热力学性质(ΔrH0m,ΔrS0m,ΔrG0m和平衡常数).计算出的热力学性质表明,DMC和苯酚酯交换合成DPC反应是吸热的,并且在热力学上是不利的.研究了n-Bu2SnO,
Ti(OC4H9)4, AlCl3和ZnCl2四种酯交换法合成DPC反应的催化剂,其中n-Bu2SnO具有最高的催化活性.热力学计算和实验结果均表明,合成DPC反应的最佳温度为453K.当以n-Bu2SnO为催化剂,n(苯酚)∶n(DMC)=4∶1时,DPC的产率和选择性分别为43.0%和88.7%. 相似文献
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茂钛类络合物催化碳酸二甲酯和苯酚酯交换反应合成碳酸二苯酯的研究 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
首次将二氯二茂钛用于碳酸二甲酯和苯酚酯交换合成碳酸二苯酯的反应, 发现二氯二茂钛对该反应来讲是一种性能优良的催化剂; 和钛酸酯类催化剂相比, 茂钛类催化剂在空气中更稳定, 从而更适合于工业化应用. 同时探讨了不同种类茂钛类化合物的催化性能, 发现位阻效应、环戊二烯环的电子分散效应以及取代基的吸电子效应等, 都会影响中心钛原子的Lewis酸性以及相应的催化活性. 总体来讲, 位阻效应越小、环戊二烯环的电子分散效应越大、与中心钛原子连接的取代基的吸电子能力越强, 越有利于反应的进行. 相似文献
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Qualitative and Quantitative Determination of the Products Synthesized by the Transesterification of Dimethyl Carbonate with Phenol 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry assay method was developed for identification of the products synthesized by the transesterification of dimethyl carbonate with phenol. Ethyl benzoate and acetone were separately used as internal standard for quantitative analysis of the products and the distillates by gas chromatography with an OV-101 capillary column. A good linear relationship between peak-area ratio of the analytes to internal standard and mass percent concentration of the analytes was observed. The method was successfully applied to quantify the components with adequate precision (Relative standard deviation <2.00%, n=4), sensitivity (Detection Limit <0.33%) and accuracy (Relative standard deviation <1.5%).Revised: 13 December 2004 and 20 January 2005 相似文献