HL—1装置放电中限制器上的硬X射线发射

观察了在ＨＬ－１装置放电电流上升段、坪区和下降部分由逃逸电子引起的硬Ｘ射线发射模式；硬Ｘ射线发射与破裂、ｍ＝２，３扰动、环电压尖峰、ＩＯＣ放电和超热电子辐射等的关系。给出了３００－３０８ｍｓ间硬Ｘ射线的闪烁脉冲幅度谱，最大能量为６．６ＭｅＶ。     

激光腔靶辐射时间特性研究

介绍了激光加热腔靶辐射时间特性研究。实验采用滤长为１．０５３μｍ，能量为３０－７５０Ｊ，脉宽为６００－１１００ｐｓ的高斯型激光脉冲，辐照柱型腔靶，用两台具有一定和时间分辨的亚千Ｘ射线能谱仪，分别观察激光入射口和Ｘ光输运口的辐射时间特性，实验结果给出了腔靶源区发射Ｘ光时间过程及其与发射口面积，形状，发射能区等的关系。     

能量色散X射线荧光光谱测定延迟焦化石油焦中的硫

本法采用能量色散Ｘ射线荧光光谱法成功地测定了延迟焦化石油焦的硫,结果表明,该方法简便、快速,准确,重复性较好。本法适用范围为０．３－６．５（ｍ／ｍ）％。     

辐射加热金等离子体再发射软X光特性研究

报道辐射加热金等离子Ｘ光发射时间特性，实验性在星光１１上进行，采用激光波长０．３５μｍ能量（４０～６０）Ｊ，脉宽（６００～７００）ｐｓ的高斯型脉冲，实验采用双盘靶（Ａｕ－Ａｕ）两台软Ｘ射线能谱仪（ＳＸＲＥＳ）分别监测初，次级盘对发射Ｘ光时间过程，两台谱仪采取时间关联记录，给出辐射加热金再发射Ｘ光时间特性，并分析，估算了膨胀等离子体空间发射Ｘ光的特性。     

ICF靶硬X射线发射角分布实验观察

介绍了“神光－Ｉ”ＩＣＦ实验中硬Ｘ射线发射角分布实验观察结果，做了简单讨论并与国外同类实验结果做了比较。     

利用喷气式Z箍缩等离子装置进行X射线光刻

喷气式Ｚ箍等离子体装置可以产生较强的软Ｘ射线，能量大约在２－６ｋｅＶ之间，利用此装置产生的软Ｘ射线，用ＣＳＭ作光刻胶，进行了Ｘ射线光刻的初步研究，得到了较为的光刻图形，曝光深度估计在１０μｍ左右。     

辐射加热腔诊断孔堵口特性实验研究

研究辐射加热腔诊断孔堵口现象。实验采用波长为１．０５３μｍ、能量为３００－４００Ｊ、脉宽为－８００ｐｓ的高斯型激光脉冲，双束对打具有双源区的腔靶。在激光入射口及内腔口服两台亚千电子伏特Ｘ射线能谱仪监测源区与内爆区发射的Ｘ光谱。定性分析和讨论了堵口现象。     

黑洞靶X光产生机制实验研究

本文报导了黑洞靶Ｘ光产生机制实验研究。实验采用波长为１．０５３μｍ，能量为３００－７００Ｊ／束，脉宽为６００－１０００ｐｓ的高斯型激光脉冲。利用三台亚千Ｘ光能谱仪，三台软Ｘ光针孔相机、一台软Ｘ光透射光栅谱仪和十个平响应亚千Ｘ射线二极管对十余种结构、尺寸腔靶实验进行测量。实验给出了腔靶发射Ｘ光的空间分辨像、时间过程、光谱结构及空间角分布测量结果。通过分析，基本弄清了黑洞靶Ｘ光产生机制。     

等离子体焦点脉冲X射线源

介绍了脉冲Ｘ射线源ＤＰＦ－２００等离子体焦点装置，总储能２５０ｋＪ、回路电感５０ｎＨ、工作电压２０～４５ｋｖ、最大放电电流２．５ＭＡ．１７个大容量场畸变火花开关并联放电，开关时延分散性±１０ｎｓ。放电室是Ｍａｔｈｅｒ型结构，工作气体为氢气，在气压５３３～８００Ｐａ、储能４０ｋＪ时，单次放电Ｘ射线总剂量达５０～９０Ｊ，脉宽１００～２００ｎｓ。测得Ｘ射线能谱范围３～６０ｋｅＶ。装置工作稳定，已放电近１０￣４次。     

一类气体辉光放电条件下的X射线发射与冷核聚变

本文主要依据在辉光放电条件下Ｄ／金属系统的ｘ射线发射和中子、γ射线产生的实验结果说明冷核聚变的存在,并介绍了电荷－电子偶模型的解,说明Ｄ￣＋～Ｄ束缚态的存在．束缚能Ｅ（Ｄ￣＋～Ｄ）＝１４ｋｅＶ．在假设核力作用尺度Ｒ＿０＝０．５×１０￣（－１３）（ｃｍ）时,Ｘ射线的发射几率是核聚变几率的３．５×１０￣５倍．指出第一周期的气体（Ｈ、Ｈｅ及它们的同位素）及它们的混合物在辉光放电条件下均有可能发射ｘ射线．有的进一步发生核聚变． Existance of cold nuclear fusion was explained based on experiment results in glow discharge process in D/metal system in which X--ray, neutron and y--ray were measured. The model of charge--dipole for solution of Schrodinger equation was introduced.There was some bound state with energy about 14 keV in (D+,D) system.As length of nuclear force was about 0. 5× 10-13 (cm), the rate of X--ray emission was about 3. 7× 104 times of rate of neutron emission. This paper...     

Studies on odd-parity states of the Sm atom

Two-step excitation and ionization processes are used to detect Sm atoms in many excited states populated with tunable lasers. The wavelength of the first laser is tuned to the resonances from the Sm 4f^6 6s^2 ^7FJ （J=0 6） states to many odd-parity states with different electronic configurations, where the atoms are detected by photoionization process using an ultraviolet laser with a wavelength of 355 nm. Precise measurements on the energy level and intensity for many Sm 4f^6 6s6p and 4f^5 5d6s^2 states have been carried out. In a theoretical analysis on the spectral data, such as peak position, relative intensity, many transitions can be identified as the resonances from the Sm 4f^6 6s^2 7FJ （J=0-6） states to the atomic states with 4f^6 6s6p and 4f^5 5d6s^2 electronic configurations. This work also reports many spectral data on the odd-parity states that cannot be found in the literature.     

Characterization of 6‐propylthiouracil and its interaction with human serum albumin on Au surface by surface‐enhanced Raman scattering

In this study, surface‐enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra of 6‐propylthiouracil (6‐PTU) on Au surface and the interaction between 6‐PTU and human serum albumin (HSA) were studied. The Raman bands were assigned by the density functional theory calculations at the B3LYP/6‐311++g(d,p) level. Furthermore, the effects of concentration on the SERS spectra of 6‐PTU were analyzed. It shows that with the changes of the concentrations of 6‐PTU, the SERS spectra of 6‐PTU present significant changes, and it can be concluded that with the changing of concentrations, the orientation of 6‐PTU on Au surface also changes. In addition, the SERS spectra of the interaction between 6‐PTU and HSA show that the binding sites of 6‐PTU to HSA are the functional groups N3H and CO. The information will not only be references to the study of the mechanism of the interaction between drugs and blood plasma or serum albumin but also a guidance to understand the metabolism of drugs in human body. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

B12-nAlnN12 (n=0, 6, 12) 的稳定性和电子结构研究

通过Al取代B在B12N12中掺杂,基于密度泛函理论对B6Al6N12的稳定性进行了系统研究．表明在B6Al6N12中,Al和B倾向于相对分开．在最稳定结构中,B原子和Al原子分别处在笼的两半．我们还分析了B12-nAlnN12 (n=0, 6, 12)的电子结构,B12N12的能隙为6.84eV,掺Al后其能隙明显变窄,Al12N12和B6Al6N12的能隙分别为3.91eV和4.08eV．NBO分析表明,B12N12中B/N原子的电荷分别为±1.17,Al12N12中Al/N 原子的电荷分别为±1.85．在B6Al6N12中,B/Al原子上的电荷分别为1.06~1.12和1.86~1.91,N原子上的电荷为-1.18~-1.83．     

B12-nAlnN12 (n=0, 6, 12) 的稳定性和电子结构研究

通过Al取代B在B12N12中掺杂,基于密度泛函理论对B6Al6N12的稳定性进行了系统研究．表明在B6Al6N12中,Al和B倾向于相对分开．在最稳定结构中,B原子和Al原子分别处在笼的两半．我们还分析了B12-nAlnN12 (n=0, 6, 12)的电子结构,B12N12的能隙为6.84eV,掺Al后其能隙明显变窄,Al12N12和B6Al6N12的能隙分别为3.91eV和4.08eV．NBO分析表明,B12N12中B/N原子的电荷分别为±1.17,Al12N12中Al/N 原子的电荷分别为±1.85．在B6Al6N12中,B/Al原子上的电荷分别为1.06~1.12和1.86~1.91,N原子上的电荷为-1.18~-1.83．     

Chemical Modification of Polyamide 6 by Chain Extension with Terephthaloyl-biscaprolactam

The chain extension behaviors of terephthaloyl-biscaprolactam (TBC), 2,2′-bis(2-oxazoline)(BOZ), 2,2′-(1,3-phenylene)bis(2-oxazoline)(MPBO), TBC/BOZ, and TBC/MPBO, were studied to evaluate the coupling effect on polyamide 6 (PA6) in a Haake Rheocord mixer and an extruder. For the chain extension of PA6 with TBC only, the coupling results showed that there was an optimal dosage of chain extender, shortage of which caused incomplete chain extensions and excess of which led to more blocking reactions. When the added amount of TBC chain extender in PA6 was 0.684 wt%, the intrinsic viscosity of the PA6 increased from 1.630 to 1.848 dl/g, and the concentration of the amine end groups in the chain-extended PA6 decreased from the initial 5.12 × 10^?5 to 1.96 × 10^?5 mol/g. However, for the chain extension of PA6 with TBC/BOZ and TBC/MPBO mixtures, the intrinsic viscosity of PA6 increased to 2.189 dl/g and 2.097 dl/g, respectively, while at the same time both the concentration of carboxyl end-groups and amine end-groups of chain-extended PA6 decreased. The effect of temperature on the time needed for the completion of the chain extension reaction was not obvious, and the time needed for the completion of the reaction was about 200 sec. The chain-extended PA6 dissociated at high temperature, and the degradation is suggested to proceed simultaneously from the onset of the chain extension reaction. Furthermore, the effects of chain extenders on the thermal properties of chain-extended PA6 were investigated. The thermal stability of chain-extended PA6 was slightly improved.     

Density-functional theory study of the effect of pressure on the elastic properties of CaB6

Under high pressure, the long believed single-phase material CaB6 was latterly discovered to have a new phase tI56. Based on the density-functional theory, the pressure effects on the structural and elastic properties of CaB6 are obtained. The calculated bulk, shear, and Young's moduli of the recently synthesized high pressure phase tI56-CaB6 are larger than those of the low pressure phase. Moreover, the high pressure phase of CaB6 has ductile behaviors, and its ductility increases with the increase of pressure. On the contrary, the calculated results indicate that the low pressure phase of CaB6 is brittle. The calculated Debye temperature indicates that the thermal conductivity of CaB6 is not very good. Furthermore, based on the Christoffel equation, the slowness surface of the acoustic waves is obtained.     

Oxygen adsorption on the LaB6(100), (110) and (111) surfaces

Oxygen adsorption on the LaB₆(100), (110) and (111) clean surfaces has been studied by means of UPS, XPS and LEED. The results on oxygen adsorption will be discussed on the basis of the structurs and the electronic states on the LaB₆(100), (110) and (111) clean surfaces. The surface states on LaB₆(110) disappear at the oxygen exposure of 0.4 L where a c(2 × 2) LEED pattern disappears and a (1 × 1) LEED pattern appears. The work function on LaB₆(110) is increased to ～3.8 eV by an oxygen exposure of ～2 L. The surface states on LaB₆(111) disappear at an oxygen exposure of ～2 L where the work function has a maximum value of ～4.4 eV. Oxygen is adsorbed on the surface boron atoms of LaB₆(111) until an exposure of ～2 L. Above this exposure, oxygen is adsorbed on another site to lower the work function from ～4.4 to ～3.8 eV until an oxygen exposure of ～100L. The initial sticking coefficient on LaB₆(110) has the highest value of ～1 among the (100), (110) and (111) surfaces. The (100) surface is most stable to oxygen among these surfaces. It is suggested that the dangling bonds of boron atoms play an important role in oxygen adsorption on the LaB₆ surfaces.     

碱金属钠原子修饰硅原子团簇的结构及储氢性能研究

提出碱金属钠原子修饰笼形Si_6团簇的结构模型,采用密度泛函理论(DFT)研究钠原子修饰笼形Si_6团簇的结构及储氢性能.研究结果表明,氢分子与笼形Si_6团簇表面相互作用很弱,氢分子在其表面容易脱附.采用钠原子修饰笼形Si_6团簇后可有效避免氢分子的脱附,并且钠原子在笼形Si_6团簇的表面不发生团聚,有利于氢分子在其表面吸附和循环利用.研究发现在两个钠原子修饰笼形Si_6团簇的结构中,每个钠原子可以有效吸附六个氢分子.计算得到Na2Si_6团簇结构储氢的质量分数高达10.08 wt%,且氢分子的平均吸附能约为0.837 kcal/mol.可见,实现钠原子修饰笼形Si_6团簇结构在常温常压条件下储氢是有可能的.     

Steric hindrance in cationic and neutral rhodamine 6 G molecules adsorbed on Au nanoparticles

The adsorption of cationic and neutral R6G molecules on Au nanoparticles was elucidated by surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The steric hindrance at hydroethyl amino (‐N(H)Et) groups in R6G was evidenced by the observation that R6G⁺ adsorb on as‐prepared gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) only with electrostatic forces, in contrast to the electrostatic and chemical adsorption of R123⁺ with dihydro amino (‐NH₂) groups on as‐prepared AuNPs. Large steric hindrance at the amino groups in R6G yielded saturated coverage of 700 molecules/AuNP for R6G⁺ significantly fewer than 1000 molecules/AuNP for R123⁺. In addition, neutral R6G⁰ on AuNPs showed markedly enhanced peaks at 1200–1600 cm⁻¹, which were not observed in Raman spectra of R6G⁰ in bulk solution, and also in SERS of R6G⁺ on AuNPs. These bands are attributed to vibrational modes of an outer phenyl ring and ethyl amino groups, which are vertical to a xanthene plane, on the basis of theoretical analysis of molecular vibrations. Thus, Raman scattering of these bands is enhanced under an inclined orientation of R6G⁰ molecules chemisorbed on AuNPs via lone pair electrons at amino groups. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A role for the membrane protein M6 in the Drosophila visual system

Background

Members of the proteolipid protein family, including the four-transmembrane glycoprotein M6a, are involved in neuronal plasticity in mammals. Results from our group previously demonstrated that M6, the only proteolipid protein expressed in Drosophila, localizes to the cell membrane in follicle cells. M6 loss triggers female sterility, which suggests a role for M6 in follicular cell remodeling. These results were the basis of the present study, which focused on the function and requirements of M6 in the fly nervous system.

Results

The present study identified two novel, tissue-regulated M6 isoforms with variable N- and C- termini, and showed that M6 is the functional fly ortholog of Gpm6a. In the adult brain, the protein was localized to several neuropils, such as the optic lobe, the central complex, and the mushroom bodies. Interestingly, although reduced M6 levels triggered a mild rough-eye phenotype, hypomorphic M6 mutants exhibited a defective response to light.

Conclusions

Based on its ability to induce filopodium formation we propose that M6 is key in cell remodeling processes underlying visual system function. These results bring further insight into the role of M6/M6a in biological processes involving neuronal plasticity and behavior in flies and mammals.