Nanocomposite based on polyamidoimide with hydrosilicate nanoparticles of varied morphology

Polymeric nanocomposites based on aromatic polyamidoimide and nanotubes of magnesium hydrosilicate Mg₃Si₂O₅(OH)₄ with a chrysotile structure were obtained and studied for the first time. The morphology and mechanical and transport properties of the composites formed were analyzed, which enabled optimization of their synthesis conditions. Original Russian Text S.V. Kononova, E.N. Korytkova, K.A. Romashkova, Yu.P. Kuznetsov, I.V. Gofman, V.M. Svetlichnyi, V.V. Gusarov, 2007, published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 80, No. 12, pp. 2064–2070.     

Effect of competitive acido complex formation of the solubility of binary chlorides in MCl<Subscript>2</Subscript>-M′Cl<Subscript>2</Subscript>-H<Subscript>2</Subscript>O systems

The solubility of d-metal halides in MCl₂-M′Cl₂-H₂O systems with competitive complex formation at 25°C was discussed. The role of complex formation and hydration was traced. As the stability constants become closer to each other, the salting-in regions in the crystallization braches of both chlorides disappear. Original Russian Text I.V. Zamyatin, M.Yu. Skripkin, 2007, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 2007, Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 252–259.     

Crystallization and dielectric and optical properties of borate glasses (1 ? x)Na2B4O7 + xNb2O5

The crystallization and dielectric and optical properties of glasses (1 − x)Na₂B₄O₇ + xNb₂O₅, where x = 0.15–0.35, have been studied. The formation of structural entities based on NbO₆ octahedra in the glass has been detected by Raman spectroscopy. In the thermally poled glass, a layer with nonlinear optical properties is formed under the anode surface. The nonlinear optical properties of the poled sample have been studied by the second harmonic generation method using laser radiation. The nonlinear optical coefficient d ₃₃ for the poled glass with the maximal content of niobia is 0.1 pm/V. Original Russian Text ? A.P. Malakho, S.Yu. Stefanovich, V.A. Morozov, B.I. Lazoryak, E. Fargin, V. Rodriguez, 2007, published in Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 349–356.     

Stratification in a ternary liquid system [Th(NO3)4(TBP)2]-[UO2(NO3)2(TBP)2]-Exide 100 solvent at various temperatures

Phase diagram of a ternary liquid system [Th(NO₃)₄(TBP)₂]-[UO₂(NO₃)₂(TBP)₂]-Exide 100 solvent was studied at 298.15–333.15 K. Original Russian Text ? A.K. Pyartman, V.A. Keskinov, V.V. Lishchuk, Ya.A. Reshetko, V.E. Skobochkin, 2007, published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 1243–1245.     

Kinetics of base deacetylation of chitin and chitosan as influenced by their crystallinity

Structural properties of the initial and reprecipitated chitin and chitosan samples in dry and wet states were studied. Original Russian Text E.N. Chebotok, V.Yu. Novikov, I.N. Konovalova, 2007, published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 80, No. 10, pp. 1724–1729.     

Magnetic and thermodynamic properties of Heisenberg chains and n -nuclear cyclic clusters: S i = 5/2, S i = 3, and S i = 7/2 systems

Based on the previously developed method considering spin and point symmetry, numerical calculations of spin-level spectra have been performed for n-nuclear cyclic clusters with S _i = 5/2 (n ≤ 9), S _i = 3 (n ≤ 8), and S _i = 7/2 (n ≤ 8). The theoretical curves of the magnetic susceptibility, the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity, and the internal energy as a function of temperature have been obtained. The theoretical curves of the magnetic susceptibility and magnetic contribution to the heat capacity have been extrapolated to n → ∞ with a controlled accuracy. These curves are compared to available data. Original Russian Text ? Yu.V. Rakitin, O.R. Starodub, V.M. Rakitina, V.T. Kalinnikov, V.M. Novotortsev, 2007, published in Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 52, No. 3, pp. 448–455.     

Thermochemical characteristics of phosphorous acid derivatives

Enthalpies of formation enthalpies of a series of phosphorous acid derivatives were estimated from the heat effects of their reactions. The collected thermochemical data was used to analyze, on the basis of the additive scheme, the experimental enthalpies of formation and vaporization of four-coordinate phosphorus derivatives. Original Russian Text E.V. Sagdeev, Yu.G. Safina, 2007, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 2007, Vol. 77, No. 2, pp. 275–279.     

The complex formation properties of 18-crown-6-2-styrylbenzothiazole and the product of its photocyclization

Complex formation of 18-crown-6-2-styrylbenzothiazole and a crown-containing benzothiazolquinoline derivative with alkaline earth metal perchlorates was studied. The structures and stability constants of the complexes were determined. Original Russian Text ? O.A. Fedorova, E.N. Gulakova, I.E. Lobazova, Yu.V. Fedorov, N.E. Shepel’, L.G. Kuz’mina, 2009, published in Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii, 2009, Vol. 83, No. 6, pp. 1178–1182.     

Cluster compounds [Ca(DMF)6][Mo6Cl14] and [{Ca(OPPh3)4}{Mo6Cl14}]∞: Synthesis, crystal structure, and properties

The [Ca(DMF)₆][Mo₆Cl₁₄] complex (I) was synthesized by reacting octahedral cluster Mo complex (H₃O)₂Mo₆Cl₁₄·6H₂O with the Ca²⁺ cation in DMF. Analogous reaction carried out in the presence of triphenylphosphine oxide Ph₃PO in acetonitrile resulted in [{Ca(OPPh₃)₄}{Mo₆Cl₁₄}] (II). According to X-ray diffraction data, complex I has ionic structure, while the structure of complex II consists of infinite linear chains of the cluster anionic complexes {Mo₆Cl₁₄}²⁻ bonded to the cationic Ca complexes {Ca(OPPH₃)₄}²⁺. Both complexes exhibit intensive luminescence in red and near-IR regions of the spectrum. Original Russian Text ? Zh.S. Kozhomuratova, Yu.V. Mironov, M.A. Shestopalov, Ya.M. Gaifulin, N.V. Kurat’eva, E.M. Uskov, V.E. Fedorov, 2007, published in Koordinatsionnaya Khimiya, 2007, Vol. 33, No. 1, pp. 3–8.     

Formation of superhydrophobic surfaces by the deposition of coatings from supercritical carbon dioxide

The deposition of uniform coatings of fluorinated polymers from solutions in supercritical carbon dioxide on a number of rough substrates allowed superhydrophobic (ultrahydrophobic) properties to be imparted to their surfaces, and, namely, to increase the value of the contact angle for water droplet to 150° and greater. The dynamics of changing of geometry of a drying droplet on a substrate is studied. A procedure is developed that permits the penetration of water into the substrate to be detected. Original Russian Text & M.O. Gallyamov, L.N. Nikitin, A.Yu. Nikolaev, A.N. Obraztsov, V.M. Bouznik, A.R. Khokhlov, 2007, published in Kolloidnyi Zhurnal, 2007, Vol. 69, No. 4, pp. 448–462.     

Crystal structure of the reaction product of copper(II) nitrate with α-(3,3-Dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1-isoquinolyl)hydroxy-iminoacetonitrile [Cu3(μ3-OH)(μ-L)3(NO3)2(H2O)] · 2H2O

The coordination compound [Cu₃(μ₃-OH)(μ-L)₃(NO₃)₂(H₂O)] · 2H₂O (I), where L is the α-(3,3-dimethyl-3,4-dihydro-1-isoquinolyl)hydroxyiminoacetonitrile anion, has been synthesized. The crystal and molecular structure of I was determined by X-ray diffraction (Enraf-Nonius CAD4, MoK _α radiation, graphite monochromator, ω-scan mode, 2θ_max = 49.96°, 7673 unique reflections, a = 12.745(3) ?, b = 13.726(3) ?, c = 28.835(6) ?, β = 93.44(3)°, V = 5035.2(17) ?³, Z = 4, space group P2₁/c). In the trimer complex I, the copper atoms are combined by a bridging hydroxy group. The copper atoms are additionally linked pairswise by three tridentate chelating bridging organic anions coordinated to the Cu(II) atoms by the N and O atoms of the deprotonated oxime group and by the N atom of the dihydroisoquinoline moiety. Original Russian Text ? V.I. Sokol, V.V. Davydov, N. Yu. Merkur’eva, E.I. Polyakova, Yu.V. Shklyaev, V.S. Sergienko, 2007, published in Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 52, No. 10, pp. 1643–1652.     

The effect of chemical modification on the chromatographic properties of polymeric adsorbents polysorb-1 and hisep Q and the diatomite carrier chromosorb P NAW

Polytrimethylsilylpropyne with the decomposition temperature 205°C was synthesized and characterized. The effect of chemical modification by polytrimethylsilylpropyne on the gas chromatographic properties of polymeric adsorbents and the diatomite carrier for the selective separation of C₁–C₁₀ hydrocarbons, alcohols and aromatic and sulfur-containing compounds was studied. Original Russian Text ? E.Yu. Yakovleva, V.Yu. Belotserkovskaya, V.P. Fadeeva, G.S. Litvak, E.A. Paukshtis, D.E. Babushkin, 2009, published in Zhurnal Fizicheskoi Khimii, 2009, Vol. 83, No. 5, pp. 972–977.     

Polysaccharides prepared from sunflower production waste

The composition and content of polysaccharides recovered from various samples of sunflower husks by their sequential treatment with water, ammonium oxalate (or oxalic acid), and alkali were examined. The products were analyzed by X-ray diffraction and IR spectroscopy. Original Russian Text L.A. Zemnukhova, S.V. Tomshich, A.V. Kovekhova, L.Yu. Greben’, 2007, published in Zhurnal Prikladnoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 80, No. 7, pp. 1200–1205.     

Structure of 2-chloro-3-phenylbenzoic acid

The carbonylation reaction of 2,3-dichlorobiphenyl proceeds with a substitution of the chlorine atom in position 3 and results in the formation of 2-chloro-3-phenylbenzoic acid. The structure of this acid is revealed by single crystal XRD. It is determined by steric interactions of substituents in positions 2,4,2′, and 6′, a stable carboxyl supramolecular synthon, and weak interactions with the participation of the carbonyl oxygen atom and the chlorine atom. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2009 by V. P. Boyarskiy, M. S. Fonari, K. Suwinska, and Yu. A. Simonov __________ Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 605–607, May–June, 2009.     

Layered structure of the silver coordination polymer with nonrigid aromatic diamine {Ag[CH2(C6H4NH2)2]2(CH3C6H4NH2)}NO3

The complex [Ag(DDM)₂(CH₃C₆H₄NH₂)]NO₃, where DDM is 4,4-diaminodiphenylmethane [CH₂(C₆H₄NH₂)₂], was synthesized and its structure was determined. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P2₁/n, a = 9.543(2) ?, b = 18.056(4) ?, c = 1.901(2) ?, β = 106.94(3)°, V = 1796.8(6) ?³, ρ_calcd = 1.443 g/cm³, Z = 4. The Ag atom (at the inversion center) is coordinated at the vertices of an almost undistorted octahedron by six nitrogen atoms of the primary amino groups from four bridging DDM molecules and two terminal p-toluidine molecules (Ag-N, 2.546(3) ?; NAgN, 89.7–90.3°). Wavelike layers composed of conjugate multiunit metal rings, each containing four Ag⁺ ions and four bridging DDM ligands, are formed in the structure in the [101] direction (a 2D polymer). Uncoordinated NO ₃ ⁻ anions are arranged in the cavities between the layers and link them by N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds. Original Russian Text ? Yu.V. Kokunov, V.V. Kovalev, Yu.E. Gorbunova, 2007, published in Zhurnal Neorganicheskoi Khimii, 2007, Vol. 52, No. 12, pp. 1992–1998.     

Kinetics of photolytic transformations of 4,4′-Bi(3-methyl-6-<Emphasis Type="Italic">tert</Emphasis>-butyl-<Emphasis Type="Italic">o</Emphasis>-benzoquinone)

The quantum yields and apparant rate constants of the photolysis of 4,4′-bi(3-methyl-6-tert-butyl-o-benzoquinone) and of accumulation of its transformation products in hydrocarbon solutions under the action of light with λ 313 and 405 nm were determined. The probable scheme of photochemical reactions was suggested. Original Russian Text O.G. Mishchenko, S.V. Maslennikov, I.V. Spirina, N.O. Druzhkov, Yu.A. Kurskii, V.P. Maslennikov, 2007, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 2007, Vol. 77, No. 12, pp. 1997–2001.     

Synthesis and N-Alkylation of 2-Alkyl-and 2-Arylimidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acid esters

Nitration of d-tartaric acid, followed by treatment of the resulting dinitrotartaric acid with ammonia and aldehydes gave 2-phenyl-, 2-(2-pyridyl)-, 2-isopropyl-, and 2-isobutylimidazole-4,5-dicarboxylic acids. Some factors affecting the yield of the final products were revealed, and optimal conditions for their esterification were found. N-Alkylation of 2-substituted imidazole-4,5-dicarboxylates thus obtained involves considerable steric hindrances; therefore, the corresponding N-alkyl derivatives can be obtained in a poor yield only in the presence of such a strong base as 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene. Original Russian Text A.V. Lebedev, A.B. Lebedeva, V.D. Sheludyakov, E.A. Kovaleva, O.L. Ustinova, V.V. Shatunov, 2007, published in Zhurnal Obshchei Khimii, 2007, Vol. 77, No. 5, pp. 855–859.     

Radiographic study of the phase formation process in obtaining KNbO3

Instability in the formation of KNbO₃ with perovskite structure is complicated by its structural instability. The structural instability accounts for the existence of phases different in their symmetry and cell parameters (rhombic, tetragonal, and cubic) at room temperature. Original Russian Text Copyright ? 2009 by Yu. A. Kuprina, P. Yu. Teslenko, N. B. Kofanova, M. F. Kupriyanov, and Yu. V. Kabirov __________ Translated from Zhurnal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 50, No. 3, pp. 582–586, May–June, 2009.     

Electroconduction and linear expansion of solid electrolytes Ce1? x Sm x O2?δ ( x = 0.10?0.30)

A complex investigation of solid electrolytes Ce_1−x Sm _x O_2−δ (x = 0.10−0.30) is performed in a broad temperature interval by methods of x-ray diffraction analysis, electroconduction, dilatometry, differential scanning calorimetry, and thermogravimetry. Ceramic technology is used for the synthesis. The density of the obtained specimens is no lower than 95%. The dilatometry measurements reveal the presence of singularities in the curves obtained at temperatures in the region of 180–230°C, which may be ascribed to a phase transition of the type order-disorder of hypothetical phase Ce₇SmO_15.5. The electroconduction and dilatometry methods also point to the presence of singularities in the temperature dependences in the temperature interval extending from 800 to 870°C. Original Russian Text ? E.G. Vaganov, V.P. Gorelov, N.M. Bogdanovich, I.V. Korzun, V.A. Kazantsev, 2007, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2007, Vol. 43, No. 6, pp. 695–698. Based on the report delivered at the 8th International Meeting on Fundamental Problems of Solid-State Ionics, Chernogolovka (Russia), 2006.     

Heterometallic complexes of Co2+, Ni2+, and Zn2+ with the [RuNO(NO2)4OH]2? anion and pyridine: Synthesis, crystal structure, and thermolysis

Three new heteronuclear complexes [Ru(NO)(NO₂)₄(OH)M(Py)₃] (M = Co²⁺, Ni²⁺, Zn²⁺) were synthesized and structurally characterized. In all compounds, the [Ru(NO)(NO²)⁴(OH)] fragment is coordinated to the M atom by a bridging OH and two bridging NO₂ groups. The coordination environment of the metal also includes three pyridine nitrogen atoms. Thermal decomposition of cobalt and nickel complexes in an inert atmosphere yields bimetallic solid solutions. Original Russian Text ? G.A. Kostin, A.O. Borodin, Yu.V. Shubin, N.V. Kurat’eva, V.A. Emelyanov, P.E. Plyusnin, M.R. Gallyamov, 2009, published in Koordinatsionnaya Khimiya, 2009, Vol. 35, No. 1, pp. 57–64.