三检测通道-气相色谱法快速分析天然气的组成

采用配有五阀(2个十通阀和3个六通阀)、七柱(2根毛细管柱和5根填充柱)和三检测器(氢火焰离子化检测器A、热导检测器B和C)的气相色谱法测定了天然气的组分。借助阀的切换系统及设置的分析程序,一次进样便可实现天然气常规组分的测定。检测器A用于烃类气体的检测,检测器B用于永久气体的检测,检测器C用于氢气检测。根据标准样品组分的保留时间对未知样品作定性检测,用外标法进行定量测定。方法的精密度符合国家标准GB/T 13610-2003中的规定,本方法所测得的由标准气体所混合组成的标准样品中,各组分的测定值与标准值之间的相对误差均小于5%。     

色谱－质谱联用法测定荧光灯中气体杂质及充气压强

］实验出一种色质联用法测定荧光灯中气体杂质及充气压强的新方法。使用两根并联色谱柱（柱1：Φ3mmi.d.×0.6m13XM.S.（分子筛60-80目；柱23mmi.d.×1.5mPorapakQ（80-100目），室温下可同时测定灯中H2，O2，N2，CH4，CO，CO2等多种气体杂质分压强。其测定下限分别为4×10-3，3×10-3，6×10-3，6×10-4，10-24×10-3Pa。并研究出了一种简易快速的破灯装置及标准气配制装置。导出了计算灯中各气体压强及杂质气浓度公式。     

色谱－质谱联用法测定荧光灯中气体杂质及充气压强

 ］实验出一种色质联用法测定荧光灯中气体杂质及充气压强的新方法。使用两根并联色谱柱（柱1：Φ3mmi.d.×0.6m13XM.S.（分子筛60-80目；柱23mmi.d.×1.5mPorapakQ（80-100目），室温下可同时测定灯中H2，O2，N2，CH4，CO，CO2等多种气体杂质分压强。其测定下限分别为4×10-3，3×10-3，6×10-3，6×10-4，10-24×10-3Pa。并研究出了一种简易快速的破灯装置及标准气配制装置。导出了计算灯中各气体压强及杂质气浓度公式。     

多维气相色谱分析焦炉气合成天然气中过程气体通用方法的建立

建立了四阀六柱多维气相色谱法分析焦炉气合成天然气中的过程气体中的18种气体含量的方法。该方法将目标组分流到3条通道,通道1用于检测氢气和氧气,以氩气为载气,依次用Porapak Q填充色谱柱和MolSieve 5A分子筛色谱柱分离,采用热导检测器(TCD)检测;通道2用于检测一氧化碳、二氧化碳和氮气,以氢气为载气,分别以2根Porapak Q填充色谱柱和MolSieve 5A分子筛色谱柱分离,采用TCD检测;通道3用于检测甲烷、乙烷、乙烯、丙烷、丙烯、正丁烷、丁烯、正戊烷、戊烯、正己烷、己烯、苯、甲苯,以氮气为载气,以HP-AL/KCL毛细管色谱柱分离,采用氢火焰离子化检测器(FID)检测。试验结果显示,18种气体组分的体积分数和其对应的色谱峰面积均在一定范围内呈线性关系,且线性相关系数均达到了0.999 5以上,检出限(3S/N)为1.27×10~(-5)%～2.00×10~(-2)%。分析了18种组分的标准气体,绝对误差为-0.026%～0.019%。用本方法分析了焦炉气样品,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=8)为0.015%～2.4%。     

SF_6分解产物的氦离子色谱分析方法

本发明公开了一种SF6分解产物的氦离子色谱分析方法,采用包括一根硅胶柱、一根第一Porapak Q柱、一根第二Porapak Q柱以及一根Gaspro毛细柱的4根色谱柱联用对样品进行组分分离,采用包括第1阀、第2阀、第3阀、第4阀在内的4个阀进行切割组分分离控制,采用第一PDD检测器和第二PDD检测器对分离后的样品分别进行分析测试。本发明分析方法能够同时准确检测传统分析方法不能准确检测的SF6分解产物,如H2,O2,N2,CO,CH4,CO2,COS,H2S,SOF2,CS2等化合物,通过全面准确的对SF6分解产物进行分析,从而准确判断SF6气体绝缘设备内部运行情况,保障电气设备安全运行。     

四种阴离子的毛细管电泳电导检测(英文)

 采用柠檬酸 柠檬酸钠作为缓冲体系 ,使用负高压 ,对Cl-,NO3 -,HCO3 -和H2 PO4 -等 4种常见阴离子进行了分离检测 ,研究了缓冲剂的种类、浓度、pH值及操作电压对分离的影响。在选定的条件下 ,4种离子的定量线性范围 :Cl-5 0× 10 -5mol/L～ 2 5× 10 -3 mol/L ,NO3 -6 0× 10 -5mol/L～ 2 0× 10 -3 mol/L ,HCO3 -5 0× 10 -6mol/L～ 2 0× 10 -4 mol/L ,H2 PO4 -6 0× 10 -5mol/L～ 1 0× 10 -3 mol/L ;检出限 :Cl-1 5× 10 -5mol/L ,NO3 -3 0×10 -5mol/L ,HCO3 -1 0× 10 -6mol/L ,H2 PO4 -2 0× 10 -5mol/L ;峰面积的RSD (n =6 ) :Cl-3 1% ,     

GDX短柱快速GC分析空气中苯、甲苯和二甲苯

空气中苯、甲苯和二甲苯 (简称三苯 )测定 ,通常采用的气 液色谱及长柱[1～ 3 ] ,保留时间长。本法采用ＧＤＸ10 2担体和 0 .4 5ｍ短柱 ,只需 1ｍｉｎ即可完全分离 ,且具有简便快速 ,线性良好的特点。测定苯、甲苯和二甲苯的精密度分别为 1.84 % ,1.78%和 0 .6 3% ,检出限分别为 0 .8,1.0和 1.8ｍｇ·ｍ-3 。1　试验部分1.1　仪器与试剂ＳＰ2 30 5Ｅ气相色谱仪 ,ＦＩＤ检测器 ,附六通阀及1ｍｌ定量管 (北京分析仪器厂 )。三苯标准液 :苯、甲苯、二甲苯以 1.0 + 1.5 + 3 0混合。1.2　色谱条件色谱柱 :用 0 .4 5ｍ× 3.5ｍｍ玻璃管加工成Ｕ…     

几种常见阴离子的高效毛细管电泳-电导分离检测

采用柠檬酸-柠檬酸钠作为缓冲体系,使用负高压,对Cl-、NO3-、HCO3-、H2PO4-几种常见阴离子进行了分离检测,研究了缓冲剂的种类、浓度、pH值及操作电压对分离的影响;在选定的条件下,定量线性范围为Cl-5.0×10-5～2.5×103md/L,NO3-6.0×10-5～2.0×10-3mol/L,HCO3-1.0×10-5～2.0×10-3mol/L,H2PO4-6.0×10-5～1.0×10-3mol/L;检出限为Cl-1.5×10-5mol/L,NO3-3.0×10-5mol/L,HCO3-1.0×10mol/L,H2PO4-2.0×10-5mol/L;4种离子的RSD(n=6)分别为3.1%、33%、2.6%和2.9%;应用选定条件对自来水样品进行了分析,结果令人满意.     

电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法分析稀土元素的研究(Ⅰ)高纯氧化镧中十四种稀土杂质的测定

研究了ICP-AES法测定高纯氧化镧中十四种稀土杂质的方法。利用简单的加热去溶装置成功地测定了99.99％La_2O_3中14种稀土杂质。10mg/ml La_2O_3基体工作曲线下限为(以氧化物百分含量计算)Ce、Pr、Sm_2×10~(-3);Gd、Tb1×10~(-3);Nd,Lu 8×10~(-4),Er,Ho,Dy4×10~(-4); Tm.Eu 2×10~(-4),Yb 8×10~(-5),Y_4×~(-5)。相对标准偏差为2.8—9.7,回收率为85—114％。     

常压微波等离子体光离子化检测器的性能考察

一种新型的常压微波等离子体光离子化检测器(简称PID)已研制成功。这是一种稳定性好,灵敏度高,线性范围较宽的气相色谱检测器。此检测器的最大优点是 在常压下操作,用气量小(放电气体一般在5—20毫升/分),可改变等离子体的种类和控制光强度,以适应不同电离能的样品分析。本检测器对C_6H_6的敏感度为1.6×10~(-11)克/秒,对CS_2为1.8×10~(-11)克/秒,对苯的线性范围大于10~4。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Copper catalyzed/mediated synthetic methodology for ebselen and related isoselenazolones

Scope of the copper catalyzed/mediated selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been studied for the synthesis of isoselenazolones. It is noticed that the 2-chloro, 2-bromo-, and 2-iodo-aryl amides substrates can be exploited in the selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction by employing 25-100 mol % of CuI/1,10-phenanthroline (L) and potassium carbonate as a base in DMF. Furthermore, electron rich 2-chloro-arylamides also underwent selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction to give biologically important selenium-nitrogen heterocycles. Also, copper-catalyzed selenium-nitrogen coupling reaction has been meticulously applied for the synthesis of diaryl diselenides having methoxy, amine, and amide functionality from respective aryl iodides in the presence of stoichiometric amount of succinimide as an external Se-N coupling partner.     

Knoevenagel condensation catalyzed by novel Nmm-based ionic liquids in water

A series of novel N-methyl morpholine (Nmm) based ionic liquids with 1,2-propanediol group were synthesized and used as catalysts for Knoevenagel condensation at room temperature in water. Under the effect of the catalyst, various aldehydes or aliphatic ketones could react with a wide range of activated methylene compounds well, including malononitrile, alkyl cyanoacetate, cyanoacetamide, β-diketone, barbituric acid, 2-arylacetonitrile and thiazolidinedione. Furthermore, most of the products could be separated just by filtrating and washing with water. Additionally, the catalyst is recyclable and applicable for the large-scale synthesis.     

Construction of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives via sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction

A series of polyheterocyclic spirotetrahydrothiophene derivatives were obtained in moderate to excellent yields via a catalyst-free sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 under mild conditions. We also present the first asymmetric sulfa-Michael/aldol cascade reaction of chalcones 1 and commercially available 1,4-dithiane-2,5-diol 2 with moderate to good enantioselectivities catalyzed by readily available chiral phase-transfer catalysts (PTCs).     

Suzuki-Miyaura reactions of the soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor NS2028: a non-product specific route to C-8 substituted analogues

Both soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) inhibitors ODQ 1 and NS2028 2 are synthesized via improved protocols. In the former case treating 3,4-dihydroquinoxalin-2(1H)-one oxime 8, which can be prepared in two steps from 1,2-benzenediamine, with 1,1′-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) gives the dihydro-ODQ 10 that in the presence of KMnO₄ oxidises to give ODQ 1 in an overall yield of 46% starting from 1,2-benzenediamine. In the latter case, the synthesis affords NS2028 2 from 2-amino-4-bromophenol 3 in three steps with an overall yield of 85% and avoids the need for chromatography. Furthermore, Suzuki-Miyaura reaction conditions are described that enable the preparation of 8-aryl and 8-heteroaryl derivatives of NS2028 directly from NS2028 2. Finally, demethylation of the 8-(methoxyphenyl) substituted analogues afforded the 8-(hydroxyphenyl) derivatives 40-42. All new products are fully characterised.