透射式X射线光阴极的M带平响应设计

获取高时空分辨的M带X射线辐射能流信息是黑腔物理研究的重要内容之一,条纹相机平响应存在谱响应耦合、谱改造元件结构设计等问题。通过对条纹相机和透射式X射线光阴极谱响应特性的研究,提出组合滤片调制法以实现条纹相机M带带通平响应。计算表明,在M带能区内谱灵敏度不平整度仅为2.7%,带通效果良好。     

透射式X射线光阴极的M带平响应设计

获取高时空分辨的M带X射线辐射能流信息是黑腔物理研究的重要内容之一,条纹相机平响应存在谱响应耦合、谱改造元件结构设计等问题。通过对条纹相机和透射式X射线光阴极谱响应特性的研究,提出组合滤片调制法以实现条纹相机M带带通平响应。计算表明,在M带能区内谱灵敏度不平整度仅为2.7%,带通效果良好。     

A method of calibrating contact B-scanners

The test method described enables the registration of contact B-scanners to be calibrated without using water-immersed targets. It is simple to implement and analytical in nature, allowing several variables to be checked and set.     

A new method for rapid realization of the high-resolution extended-range holographic image-deblurring filter

The filter is photographically realized for its amplitude by two sandwiched components of combined extended-dynamic-range slope γ=1, and for its phase by a high-spatial-frequency range hologram recorded through them in a “triple-diffraction” arrangement.     

Direct experimental method for the determination of x-ray reflection phases

A direct experimental method is described for the phase determination of x-ray reflections from single crystals. This method utilizes the coherent dynamical interaction of diffracted x-ray beams in a 3-beam multiple Bragg reflection to reveal the signs,S _P, of triplet-phase products. This dynamical effect and the relative rotation of the crystal lattice with respect to the Ewald sphere are considered. The phase dependence of the reflected intensity profile is observed and is in agreement with the theory. It is found thatS _P=S _L ·S _R,S _L being the sign defined from the multiple diffraction line profile.S _R is determined by the rotation of the crystal lattice relative to the Ewald sphere. The new method can be applied to a direct experimental determination of phases without carrying out the complicated dynamical calculations.On leave from Instituto de Fisica, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, S.P. 13100, Brazil     

漫反射全息摄影的一种简便方法

介绍了一种优化的全息摄影方法,实验中只用一块毛玻璃分光,光路简单,效果很好.     

A high-temperature superconducting filter with controllable transmission zero

This paper presents a novel microstrip feedline structure to introduce an extra and controllable transmission zero(TZ)with high rejection for a narrowband filter. This structure loads a reconfigurable capacitor at the end of the input feedline without changing the main structure of the filter. The capacitor is recognized by a 2-bit inter-digital capacitor array. The asymmetrical microstrip feedline structure is suitable for multiple-pole filter designs. A low-loss six-pole high-temperature superconducting bandpass filter with a reconfigurable TZ is designed and fabricated. The center frequency of the filter is 5.22 GHz with TZ at the lower stopband. The TZ can be tuned among four different states. The out-of-band rejection at the TZ frequency is higher than 90 d B, and the insertion loss is lower than 0.92 d B. The measured results are consistent with the simulations.     

位相测量轮廓术中的相位修正及系统标定的新方法

介绍了在位相测量轮廓术中的一种相位修正及系统参数标定的新方法。对参考面(标定面)上点的位置_相位关系进行全场拟合,并根据该相互关系对参考面相位进行修正,能够非常有效地去除相位误差;提出的参数标定方法能精确得到投影系统参数的组合。实验证明了此方法具有良好的实用性和测量精度。     

A novel x-ray circularly polarized ranging method

Range measurement has found multiple applications in deep space missions. With more and further deep space exploration activities happening now and in the future, the requirement for range measurement has risen. In view of the future ranging requirement, a novel x-ray polarized ranging method based on the circular polarization modulation is proposed,termed as x-ray circularly polarized ranging(XCPol R). XCPol R utilizes the circular polarization modulation to process x-ray signals and the ranging information is conveyed by the circular polarization states. As the circular polarization states present good stability in space propagation and x-ray detectors have light weight and low power consumption, XCPol R shows great potential in the long-distance range measurement and provides an option for future deep space ranging. In this paper, we present a detailed illustration of XCPol R. Firstly, the structure of the polarized ranging system is described and the signal models in the ranging process are established mathematically. Then, the main factors that affect the ranging accuracy, including the Doppler effect, the differential demodulation, and the correlation error, are analyzed theoretically.Finally, numerical simulation is carried out to evaluate the performance of XCPol R.     

x射线在毛细导管中传输的模拟计算

阐述了x射线在毛细导管中传输的基本理论，根据光线追迹原理建立了x射线在毛细导管中传输的计算模型.在此基础上使用MATLAB编写程序，实现了对x光经过x光单导管的传输效率和光强分布的模拟计算.计算结果和实验数据进行比较，得到了很好的符合. 关键词： 模拟计算 毛细导管 光线追迹 传输效率 光强分布     

The single basis filter diagonalization method: a rapid multidimensional data processing scheme

A new way to apply the filter diagonalization method (FDM) that results in a large increase in the speed of calculation of multidimensional NMR spectra is presented. The speed increase is accompanied by slight differences in spectral lineshapes, although frequency estimates remain essentially identical. For contoured spectra, the method does not result in appreciable differences from the full FDM calculation. Optimal parameter sets for an FDM calculation can be estimated far more rapidly, which makes the FDM more straightforward to employ in practice. The performance of the method versus the full FDM was investigated for both model and experimental signals. The effect of noise on the method was also studied.     

Simulation of x-ray transmission through an ellipsoidal capillary

This paper develops a simulation program for x-ray transmission in an ellipsoidal capillary based on a ray-tracing method.The influence of the parameters of ellipsoidal capillary and x-ray energy on transmission efficiency,full width at half maximum and power density gain of x-ray beams through an ellipsoidal capillary was analysed by this program.It shows that the particular rules of the ellipsoidal capillary x-ray lens are different from the polycapillary lens.Furthermore,this analysis method can be applied to the optimized design of ellipsoidal capillary.     

Extended depth of focus for transmission x-ray microscope

A fast discrete curvelet transform based focus-stacking algorithm for extending the depth of focus of a transmission x-ray microscope (TXM) is presented. By analyzing an image stack of a sample taken in a Z-scan, a fully in-focus image can be generated by the proposed scheme. With the extended depth of focus, it is possible to obtain 3D structural information over a large volume at nanometer resolution. The focus-stacking method has been demonstrated using a dataset taken with a laboratory x-ray source based TXM system. The possibility and limitations of generalizing this method to a synchrotron based TXM are also discussed. We expect the proposed method to be of important impact in 3D x-ray microscopy.     

A method for calibrating the confocal volume of a confocal three-dimensional micro-x-ray fluorescence setup

The measurement of the confocal volume of a confocal three-dimensional micro-x-ray fluorescence(3 D-XRF) setup is a key step in the field of confocal 3 D-XRF analysis.With the development of x-ray facilities and optical devices,3 D-XRF analysis with a micro confocal volume will create a great potential for 2 D and 3 D microstructural analysis and accurate quantitative analysis.However,the classic measurement method of scanning metal foils of a certain thickness leads to inaccuracy.A method for calibrating the confocal volume is proposed in this paper.The new method is based on the basic content of the textbook,and the theoretical results and the feasibility are given in detail for the 3 D-XRF mono-chromatic x-ray condition and the poly-chromatic x-ray condition.We obtain a set of experimental confirmation using the polychromatic x-ray tube in the laboratory.It is proved that the sensitivity factor of the 3 D-XRF can be directly and accurately obtained in a real calibration process.     

A method to Fourier filter textured images

An algorithm is introduced to extract an underlying image from a class of textures. It is assumed that the image is bandwidth limited and the noise is broad-band. The initial step of the algorithm extends the signal to a larger periodic image using "Distributed Approximating Functionals." The second step introduces a low-pass filter which allows the identification and elimination of the high-frequency components of the noise. The periodicity of the resulting image allows it to be Fourier filtered without aliasing. The feasibility of the algorithm is demonstrated on several noisy patterns generated in experiments and model systems. (c) 2000 American Institute of Physics.     

A method for rapid characterization of diffusion

This paper describes a method to determine molecular displacements as a function of time in just two scans: one reference scan using the Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill (CPMG) sequence, a second scan using a modified CPMG sequence (KCPMG). Measurements on free diffusion in bulk fluids, and on restricted diffusion in porous rock samples are reported. This technique can also be used for rapid measurement of flow and chemical exchange.     

Nanofabrication of a space-variant optical transmission filter

A space-variant optical transmission filter is demonstrated for which a simplified process is used to tailor the spatial response of the filter across the surface of a single wafer. A multilayer stack, of alternating high or low refractive index dielectric materials, was used to produce a narrow transmission notch in the center of a wide stop band. Subsequent patterning and etching of arrays of holes through the volume of the dielectric stack was performed to control the fill factor of the dielectric in the layers. The position of the transmission notch within the reflection spectrum was varied across the device surface by adjusting the hole diameter of the hole arrays. Experimental and numerical simulation were used to confirm the space-variant transmission characteristics of a single-wafer sample with two zones of different hole diameter arrays in the 1550 nm wavelength regime.