Vibration of an Axially Moving String Supported by a Viscoelastic Foundation

The transverse vibration of an axially moving string supported by a viscoelastic foundation is analysed using the complex modal method. The equation of motion is developed using the generalized Hamilton principle. The exact closed-form solution of eigenvalues and eigenfunctions are obtained. The governing equation is represented in a canonical state space form defined by two matrix differential operators, and the eigenfunctions and adjoint eigenfunctions are proved to be orthogonal with respect to each operator. This orthogonality is applied so that the response to arbitrary external excitations and initial conditions can be expressed in modal expansion. Numerical examples are presented to validate the proposed approach.     

弹性——粘弹性复合结构模态理论

本文研究弹性-粘弹性复合结构动力学基本问题.复合结构动力学方程是一组微分积分方程,引入增广状态变量.将其变换为常规的状态方程.研究了状态方程特征解的性质.提出了"振荡模态"和"蠕变模态"慨念.给出了脉冲响应矩阵和传递函数矩阵,讨论了它们的特性.复合结构模态理论为其动特性和动响应分析提供理论依据.     

空间结构耦合模态控制及实验研究

智能结构以主动元件为传感器和驱动器,根据结构的动态响应和控制要求,自适应地改变结构的动态性能,实现结构特性的自调节功能,以增强结构适应于外界环境变化的能力.结构振动主动控制方法中常用的模态空间控制方法,就是将系统方程转化到模态坐标下,从而得到内部解耦的以模态坐标表示的方程组,然后根据一定的控制方法,计算出模态控制力,实现实时控制.该方法计算简单,效率高,能满足实时控制的需要.本文根据一个三层智能结构主动控制实验,介绍了耦合模态控制理论及实现方法,设计并阐述了压电主元杆件的工作原理,根据Riccati方程得到了主元杆件的最优布置.通过对实验数据运用五点滑动平均平滑法进行处理分析及频谱分析可以看到,智能结构通过主动控制,对相应的控制模态位移及加速度有很大的抑制作用,对应的模态阻尼系数得到了不同程度的提高.     

存在时滞的柔性梁的振动主动控制

本文对控制存在时滞的柔性梁的振动主动控制进行研究,主动控制策略采用独立模态空间控制,模态控制律采用离散变结构控制进行设计,给出了从实际测量中提取模态坐标和将模态控制力转换成实际控制力的方法,以及离散切换面和离散变结构模态控制律的确定方法,由于模态控制律直接通过时滞微分方程而得出,因此所给控制方法易于保证控制系统的稳定性。算例结果显示,文中所述控制方法能够有效地对梁的振动进行控制;若按无时滞时的控制设计对时滞系统进行控制,系统响应有可能出现发散。     

多层电磁弹性圆柱壳内波的轴向传播

对多层电磁弹性圆柱壳内波的轴向传播进行了分析。根据柱坐标系下电磁弹性多层结构的几何方程、平衡方程和本构方程,推导出了两个层间变量所满足的状态方程。通过状态方程的解和层间变量连续性条件,得到了多层圆柱体内外表面层间变量的传递关系。最后利用边界条件,导出了波在传播时所满足的频散方程,并求得该结构的模态参数。以一个三层的压电/压磁材料组成的柱壳结构作为数值算例,计算出波在其中轴向传播时的频散关系和模态参数,并对计算结果进行了分析。     

多输入—多输出实验模态参数识别（1）：统一的数学模型

本文利用状态空间方程给出一般粘性阻尼线性振动系统的线性高阶微分多项式模型,及其所对应的离散差分模型.这个模型描述了系统多输入激励信号和多输出响应信号之间的关系.近十年来发展起来的多输入—多输出实验模态参数识别都是建立在这个模型之上的,在这个意义上,我们称之为多输入—多输出实验模态参数识别技术的统一数学模型.当考虑到测量频段外模态和测量数据中噪声的影响时,本文也给出了相应的统一数学模型.     

FREE VIBRATION OF FUNCTIONALLY GRADED,MAGNETO-ELECTRO-ELASTIC, AND MULTILAYERED PLATES

The state-space method is employed to evaluate the modal parameters of functionally graded, magneto-electro-elastic, and multilayered plates. Based on the assumption that the properties of the functionally graded material are exponential, the state equation of structural vibration which takes the displacement and stress of the structure as state variables is derived. The natural frequencies and modal shapes are calculated based on the general solutions of the state equation and boundary conditions given in this paper. The influence of the functionally graded exponential factor on the elastic displacement, electric, and magnetic fields of the structure are discussed by assuming a sandwich plate model with different stacking sequences.     

航天器与运载火箭耦合分析相关技术研究进展

本文以载荷分析为主要内容, 概述航天飞行器结构动力学研究的一些进展. 首先介绍航箭(航天器/运载火箭简称为航箭) 耦合系统载荷分析基本思想. 然后介绍以下3 个方面的载荷分析方法: (1) 采用基础激励理论初始载荷分析的近似方法; (2) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统分支模态综合法. 导出采用约束模态质量界面加速度的航天器载荷计算方法; 当仅考虑静定约束特殊情况时, 退化的方程与Chen 采用有限元法导出的方程相同. 给出新航天器载荷瞬态分析技术, 即一个以前的航天器/运载耦合系统载荷结果可以用来获得相同运载火箭发射一个新航天器结构的必要的载荷信息. (3) 考虑航箭耦合影响的航天器/运载耦合系统模态综合法. 包括: 固定界面模态综合法, 以及航天器/运载耦合的界面综合动态响应计算新方法. 最后, 介绍验证载荷分析技术. 简要讨论验证技术的重要性, 提出了采用试验与理论相结合的结构动态试验仿真技术,该方法包括了一套修正数学模型的新技术, 称之为子结构试验建模综合技术. 该方法已应用于复杂的结构建模. 在进行CZ-2E 运载火箭实尺模态试验之前, 用建议的模态试验仿真技术给出CZ-2E 模态参数的预示结果, 并与随后获得的实际模态试验结果相比, 两个结果彼此之间高度一致. 这个结果证明了模态试验仿真技术已成功地预示了CZ-2E 运载火箭的模态参数, 验证了建议的模态试验仿真技术的可靠性. 讨论了振动台振动试验仿真技术. 介绍了振动台振动试验仿真的几个关键技术. 包括: 有限元模型修正技术, 40 t 振动台系统台面控制仿真方法和D 卫星振动台振动试验仿真.      

弹性半空间地基上预应力中厚矩形板的横向振动

基于Reissner-Mindlin一阶剪切变形理论,讨论在预加面内机械荷载作用下,弹性半空间地基上四边自由中厚矩形板的横向振动问题。把地基看作三维弹性半空间体,考虑地基变形的衰减。用一组数学上完备的二元多项式作为位形函数,采用pb-2 Rayleigh-Ritz法求得四边自由中厚矩形板的自振频率和在横向简谐荷载作用下的动力响应。讨论了板的长宽比、宽厚比及弹性地基和板的相对刚度对板的自振频率的影响。     

An analytical symplectic approach to the vibration analysis of orthotropic graphene sheets

A nonlocal continuum orthotropic plate model is proposed to study the vibration behavior of single-layer graphene sheets (SLGSs) using an analytical symplectic approach.A Hamiltonian system is established by introduc-ing a total unknown vector consisting of the displacement amplitude,rotation angle,shear force,and bending moment. The high-order governing differential equation of the vibra-tion of SLGSs is transformed into a set of ordinary differential equations in symplectic space.Exact solutions for free vibra-tion are obtianed by the method of separation of variables without any trial shape functions and can be expanded in series of symplectic eigenfunctions. Analytical frequency equations are derived for all six possible boundary con-ditions. Vibration modes are expressed in terms of the symplectic eigenfunctions.In the numerical examples,com-parison is presented to verify the accuracy of the proposed method. Comprehensive numerical examples for graphene sheets with Levy-type boundary conditions are given.A para-metric study of the natural frequency is also included.     

MODAL SYNTHESIS METHOD FOR NORM COMPUTATION OF H∞ DECENTRALIZED CONTROL SYSTEMS (Ⅱ)

When using H ∞ techniques to design decentralized controllers for large systems,the whole system is divided into subsystems, which are analysed using H∞ control theory before being recombined. An analogy was established with substructural analysis in structural mechanics, in which H ∞ decentralized control theory corresponds to substructural modal synthesis theory so that the optimal H ∞ norm of the whole system corresponds to the fundamental vibration frequency of the whole structure. Hence, modal synthesis methodology and the extended Wittrick-Williams algorithm were transplanted from structural mechanics to compute the optimal H∞ norm of the control system. The orthogonality and the expansion theorem of eigenfunctions of the subsystems H∞ control are presented in part (Ⅰ)of the paper. The modal synthesis method for computation of the optimal H ∞ norm of decentralized control systems and numerical examples are presented in part (Ⅱ).     

MODAL SYNTHESIS METHOD FOR NORM COMPUTATION OF H ∞ DECENTRALIZED CONTROL SYSTEMS ( Ⅰ )

When using H ∞ techniques to design decentralized controllers for large systems,the whole system is divided into subsystems, which are analysed using H ∞ control theory before being recombined. An analogy was established with substructural analysis in structural mechanics, in which H∞ decentralized control theory corresponds to substructural modal synthesis theory so that the optimal H∞ norm of the whole system corresponds to the fundamental vibration frequency of the whole structure. Hence, modal synthesis methodology and the extended Wittrick-Williams algorithm were transplanted from structural mechanics to compute the optimal H ∞ norm of the control system. The orthogonality and the expansion theorem of eigenfunctions of the subsystems H∞ control are presented in part ( Ⅰ ) of the paper. The modal synthesis method for computation of the optimal H∞ norm of decentralized control systems and numerical examples are presented in part ( Ⅱ ).     

Nonlinear Random Response of Cylindrical Panels to Acoustic Excitations Using Finite Element Modal Method

This paper investigates large amplitude multi-mode free vibration andrandom response of thin cylindrical panels of rectangular planform usinga finite element modal formulation. A thin laminated composite doublycurved element is developed. The system equation in structural nodal DOFis transformed into the modal coordinates by the using the modes of theunderlying linear system. The nonlinear stiffness matrices are alsotransformed into nonlinear modal stiffness matrices. Numericalintegration is employed to determine free vibration and random response.Single-mode free vibration results are compared with existing classicalanalytical solutions to validate the nonlinear modal formulation.Nonlinear random analysis results for cylindrical panels have shown thatthe root mean square of panel deflections could be larger than thoseobtained using the linear structure theory. Time histories, probabilitydistribution functions, power spectral densities, and phase plane plotsare also presented.     

车-桥-线竖平面振动及其能量转化机制精细建模

建立了考虑车-桥(线)纵向振动及其能量相互转化机制的竖平面内精细耦合运动方程.将车-桥(线)视为一个整体系统,车辆各剐体的纵向运动均作为独立的自由度,考虑到车-桥(线)纵向振动及其能量相互转化机制,车辆驱动或制动作用采用轮轨间的纵向相互作用力和轮对作用力矩模拟,桥梁、线路结构采用梁单元离散,线路与桥梁之间的钢轨基础采用竖向和纵向的均布弹簧阻尼连接,建立了竖平面内精细耦合运动方程,它可合理模拟车桥(线)间能量相互转化的过程.简支梁桥算例表明:车辆在桥上无驱动或制动运行过程中,不考虑轨道结构时车速先增加后减小,而考虑轨道结构时车速只有减小的趋势,轮对还发生了高频的纵向振动,且车体和轮对的纵向振动对轨道竖向不平顺较为敏感;此外,考虑轮轨滚动碾压作用和能量转化机制时,钢轨加速度响应略偏大.本文研究可为实际车辆动态变速运行的模拟和更精细空间耦合模型的建立提供研究基础.     

A decoupled modal form Duffing equation for an orthotropic laminate in a clamped boundary condition with thermal diffusion

The non-linear thermo-elasticity response of an orthotropic laminate in a clamped boundary condition is analyzed by means of the method of weighted residuals for its behaviors subject to thermal and mechanical loading. The equation of motion for the laminate's deflection is obtained in the form of a decoupled modal form Duffing equation, without Berger's approximation. The thermal field, with both the in-plane and transverse temperature variations, is incorporated in both a steady-state and transient state. The formulation indicates that a transverse thermal field with a temperature rise produces a load onto the laminate, while the in-plane temperature variation affects the system frequency and stability. We demonstrate the numerical results of the modal response of an isotropic laminate for the thermal buckling and vibration.     

Modal theory of elastic-viscoelastic composite structures

The present paper investigates the vibration modal theory of composite structures constructed with elastic and viscoelastic materials. The equation of motion that comes in the form of integrodifferential equations is transformed into the first order differential equation in state space. Then modal analysis is carried out. The concepts of vibrating modal set and creeping modal set are proposed. And impulsive response matrix and transfer function matrix are defined and discussed in detail. Finally sample problems are given to support the theory developed in this paper.     

基于控制响应的时变系统模态参数辨识的改进子空间方法

提出了一种基于系统控制信号激发的响应数据来辨识时变系统模态参数的改进子空间方法。该方法以系统控制响应信号建立系统的状态空间输出方程并构造了一个广义Hankel矩阵,通过对该矩阵做奇异值分解(SVD),用广义能观阵的估计代替输出矩阵,然后利用奇异值矩阵的正交性,有效地降低了噪声敏感性和计算量,从而容易地辨识出等效状态下的系统矩阵,最后采用转换矩阵辨识出时变系统的模态参数。通过理论分析、仿真和实验,讨论了不同信噪比对辨识结果的影响,验证了该方法的有效性。     

FREE VIBRATION OF TAUT CABLE WITH DAMPER AND PARALLEL SPRING

分析了拉索-并联弹簧-阻尼器系统的自由振动特性,由系统的运动方程及边界条件 得到其复特征值方程。进一步研究了系统的极限解,由此讨论了拉索-并联弹簧-阻尼器系统的模态变化分区现象。以拉索-并联弹簧-阻尼器系统的二阶模态解为例,给出了模态频率和阻尼比的变化分布区间及其对应振型的变化情况。讨论了系统分区中存在的模态交叉现象;同时也讨论了斜拉索垂度对于一阶振动模态变化规律的影响。研究表明拉索-并联弹簧-阻尼器系统的振动模态演化因并联弹簧-阻尼器的位置不同而存在的明确的分区现象;安装并联弹簧和阻尼器后拉索的模态阻尼比和模态频率均可明显提高。     

Dynamics of cantilever plates and its hybrid vibration control

Applying Lagrange–Germain’s theory of elastic thin plates and Hamiltonian formulation, the dynamics of cantilever plates and the problem of its vibration control are studied, and a general solution is finally given. Based on Hamiltonian and Lagrangian density function, we can obtain the flexural wave equation of the plate and the relationship between the transverse and the longitudinal eigenvalues.Based on eigenfunction expansion, dispersion equations of propagation mode of cantilever plates are deduced. By satisfying the boundary conditions of cantilever plates, the natural frequencies of the cantilever plate structure can be given.Then, analytic solution of the problem in plate structure is obtained. An hybrid wave/mode control approach, which is based on both independent modal space control and wave control methods, is described and adopted to analyze the active vibration control of cantilever plates. The low-order(controlled by modal control) and the high-order(controlled by wave control) frequency response of plates are both improved. The control spillover is avoided and the robustness of the system is also improved. Finally, simulation results are analyzed and discussed.     

压电智能环形板的主动控制

对在不同位置粘有任意多组压电传感器和压电执行器的轴对称弹性环形薄板的振动控制进行了研究．根据压电执行元件的等效作用量得到了压电智能环板的振动控制方程和传感方程,再利用分离变量法以及由传感器测得的电量和作用在执行器上电压之间的控制模式得到振动方程的全解．实行了对整体结构的主动控制．对不同的压电片布置进行了数值计算．结果表明：当离散分布压电元件布置越密,振动衰减的效果越佳