Synthèse de polyéthers polycycliques. 1 Stéréosélectivité de l'hétérocyclisation d'alcools tétrahydrofurfuryliques γ,δ-éthyléniques par les sels mercuriques

The intramolecular oxymercuration of the l-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)4-penten-1-ols (5) by merruric salts followed by reductive demercuration affords the 2-methyl-5-tetrahydrofuryltetrahydrofuran (9) as a mixture of cis and trans isomers in good yields. By using mercuric acetate, each isomier threo 5a and erythro 5b gives the trans isomer, 9d and 9b, respectively, as the major products. On the other hand, cyclizations carried out with mercuric chloride are not stereoselective.     

Transfert d'Hétéroatomes (Cl,Br, OH) lors de la Fragmentation d'Acétyléniques δ-Fonctionnalisés

The mass spectra of three δ-functionalized alkynes provide evidence for the migration of chlorine, bromine and hydroxyl towards the unsaturated portion of the molecules. The strong resemblance between these spectra and those of the isomeric allenes suggests that an acetylene→allene isomerization occurs after electron impact.     

Sur la Stoechiométrie de la Variété Allotropique γ de Bi2O3

On the Stoichiometry of the Allotropic Variation γ-Bi₂O₃ The study of the solid solutions Bi₁₂[BBi□_1/5]O₂₀ (B^+V = As, V) with 0 ? x ? 0,80 leads for x = 0,77 to a phase whose cubic centered symmetry and parameter (10.255 Å) correspond to those previously announced for γ-Bi₂O₃. The présence of impurities seems required to obtain such a phase whose theoretical stoichiometry should be Bi₁₂[Bi□_1/5]O₂₀ i. e. Bi₂O_3,125.     

Etude Stéréochimique par RMN 1H de Tetrahydropyrannes β-Chlorés α-Substitués

The ¹H NMR study of 2-alkyl-3-chlorotetrahydropyrans, obtained by reaction of Grignard reagents with a mixture of cis/trans-2,3-dichlorotetrahydropyrans, shows cis/trans configuration of two isomers in which the alkyl substituents are exclusively in the equatorial position. 3-Chloro-2-phenyltetrahydropyran exists in trans (eq-eq) configuration only. The ¹H NMR study of cis/trans 2-alkoxy (or aryloxy)-3-chlorotetrahydropyrans, obtained by reaction of alcohols or phenol with 2,3-dichlorotetrahydropyrans, shows the axial position of the alkoxy (or aryloxy) substituent.     

Effets des substituants sur la conformation du cycle γ-lactonique : I. Dérivés de la γ-butyrolactone

The structural study of some γ-butyrolactones substituted (i) in position 2 (position ): C₄H₄O₂Br₂ (II) and C₄H₅O₂R [R = Oφ (III); R = OCOφ (IV); R = OH (V); R = Br (VI); R = Cl (VII)] or (ii) in position 3 or 4 (β or β′): C₄H₅O₂Cl (VIII and IX) has been carried out by using different techniques of physical chemistry. Crystallographic data analysis demonstrates that in the solid state, 2,2-dibromo-γ-butyrolactone, unlike the 2,2-diphenyl-γ-butyrolactone, adopts an “envelope” structure which is comparable to those of compounds (III) and (IV). Spectroscopic data relative to the methylene bending mode δ(CH₂) are interpreted for the dissolved state in terms of rigid (III, IV, V, IX) or exchanging (VI, VII, VIII) “envelope” forms. For and β halogenated derivatives (VI, VII, VIII), quantitative analysis of infrared spectra shows a pseudo-axial predominance in apolar solvents, as found by application of the PCILO method. Interpretation of NMR spectra recorded at 250 MHz (III, IV, V, VI) confirms the data obtained by vibrational spectroscopy.     

Tordanone,un stéroïde replié avec une jonction de cycle A/B β-cis (5β) et B/C α-cis(8α)

Tordanone, a Twice Bent Steroid Structure with Ring A/B β-cis(5β)- and Ring B/C α-cis(8α)-Fused The 3β, 14α, 25-trihydroxy-5β, 8α-cholestan-6-one ( = tordanone; 4 ) has been prepared by stereospecific hydrogenation of 3β, 14α, 25-trihydroxy-5β-cholesta-7,22ξ-dien-6-one ( 5 ). This is the first stereospecific synthesis of a B/C cis-fused steroid belonging to the 5β, 8α -cholestane group with a H-atom at positions 5β (A/B cis-fused) and 8α. The resulting twice bent structure shows a particularly strong steric hindrance of the β-face where CH₃(18) at the C/D ring junction and H_β? C(7) of the B ring are very close to each other. Structural features and mechanistic aspects of the hydrogenation are discussed.     

Transposition homoallenylique—IX : Stereochimie et cinetique de la solvolyse des tosylates β alleniques acycliques

Solvolysis of two optically-active homoallenic tosylates, leads to cyclic products (cyclopropyl ketones and methylenecyclobutanols) with inversion of configuration at the carbon bearing the leaving group, without loss of optical activity. A kinetic study has allowed a separation of the rate in k_Δ and k_s terms. It is found that k_Δ is always greater than k_s, particularly when the allene group is methyl-substituted.     

Dérivés de l'imidazo[2,1–b] thiazole. IV. Réarrangements au cours de la condensation de β-dicétones α-bromées avec l'amino-2 thiazole et la mercapto-2 imidazoline

Formation of 2-acetyl- (ro benzoyl-) imino-3-acetonyl- (or phenacyl-)-thiazolines and l-acetyl- (or benzoyl-)-2-acetonyl- (or phenacy l)-thioimidazolines by the action of α-halogenated β-di-ketones on 2-aminothiazole and 2-mercaptoimidazoline has been observed. These compounds resulted by nucleophilic attack followed by rearrangement and then cleavage of the intermediate carbinolamine. A dissymmetrical βdiketone rearranged unequivocally.     

Applications synthétiques de la cyclisation d'alcools tertiaires γ-éthyléniques en α-bromotétrahydrofurannes sous l'action du N-bromosuccinimide. I. Synthèse facile de la triméthyl-2,2,5-cycloheptène-4-one ou karahanaénone à partir du linalol

The ionic reaction of linalool and N-bromosuccinimide in CCl₄ at room temperature afforded 2-methyl-2-vinyl-5-(1-bromo-1-methyl-ethyl)-tetrahydrofuran (I). On treatment with refluxing collidine this compound yielded the intermediate allyl vinyl ether III, which immediatealy rearranged to 2,2, 5-trimethylcyclohept-4-en-one (V) or «karahanaenone» through a [3,3]-sigmatropic process. Karahanaenone, a constituent of hop oil, was thus synthesized for the first time (overall yield 62% from linalool). The mechanisms of these reactions are discussed.     

Participation π dans la solvolyse des diazocétones primaires. Communication préliminaire

In the acid catalyzed hydrolysis of 5,6-unsaturated diazoketones of suitable geometry (Ib, IIb, IIIb, IVb, VIb), participation of the double bond in the reaction of the diazonium ion is proved (a) by the formation of cyclisation products, and (b) in some cases by the acceleration of the rate determining S_N2 substitution process. In the case of VIb the substitution step is so much accelerated that the pre-equilibrium protonation step becomes rate determining (evidence: inversion of the kinetic solvent isotope effect).     

Nouveaux types de sucres acétyléniques. Communication préliminaire

Novel types of acetylenic sugars The coupling, following Cadiot's procedure, of a 6-bromo-5,6-dideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidène-3-O-methyl-α-D -xylo-hex-5-yno-1, 4-furanose (1) with phenylacetylene, 2-propyn-1-ol or terminal acetylenic sugars gave with excellent yields the expected diynes (an enediyne when the terminal acetylene was the 3,5, 6-trideoxy-1,2-O-isopropylidene-α-D -glycero-hex-3-en-5-yno-1,4-furanose 7 ). The chloro analogue 8 of 1 on treatment with lithium thiophenate gave the corresponding phenylthio-acetylenic sugar 9 . An acetylene was also formed by reacting the gem-difluoro-olefinic sugar 10 with butyllithium whereas the same olefinic sugar and its 3-O-benzyl analogue 11 gave only a gem-fluoro-arylthio-olefinic sugar (13–15) as a mixture of the Z and E isomers (Z/E > 4) when treated with the conjugate base of an arylmercaptan.     

Nucléosides de synthèse XXI. Obtention spécifique de ribonucléosides de configuration anomérique α

A new and stereospecific synthesis of a chemical precursor of α-D-ribonucleosides, namely, 1-α-D-ribofuranosyl-4-carboxamido-5-aminoimidazole ( 1 ) is described using 2-thio-α-D-ribofurano[1,2-d]-oxazolidine as the starting material.