利用有裂纹与无裂纹J积分之差分析裂纹扩展能量释放率

用有裂纹与无裂纹时的远场J积分之差分析了无限大平面中心裂纹的能量释放率,材料形式分别为均匀和层状材料,裂纹垂直于拉伸方向,层状材料界面平行于拉伸方向.有裂纹与无裂纹J积分之差表示载荷作用下的无裂纹材料引入裂纹所导致的J积分变化.对于均匀材料无限大平面中心裂纹,能量释放率等于对称轴处应变能密度释放量沿对称轴的积分,其值等于无裂纹时的应变能密度乘以一个以裂纹半长为半径的圆周长.对于层状材料无限大平面中心裂纹,能量释放率等于对称轴处应变能密度释放量沿对称轴的积分减去界面J积分的改变量.     

适合裂尖穿越界面行为分析的断裂模拟方法研究

分析了线弹性断裂力学在模拟裂尖垂直穿越弹性界面行为时存在的理论缺陷;对理想化的层状弹性材料,采用内聚力模型研究了界面前方材料的内聚强度对裂尖穿越界面行为的影响;根据有限元计算结果,讨论了内聚力模型与线弹性断裂力学在模拟裂纹垂直于界面扩展时的差别.计算结果显示,界面前方材料的内聚强度大小对裂尖穿越界面行为有重要影响,是导致内聚力模型与线弹性断裂力学模型计算结果差异的关键因素.计算结果分析表明:研究复杂材料中裂纹扩展行为时,不仅需要一个基于能量的断裂准则,还需要补加一个强度准则,内聚力模型在理论上符合这一要求.     

层状陶瓷的材料力和裂纹力评估方法

用J积分理论分析了层状陶瓷受弯曲载荷作用时J_(far(0)),J far(a),J_(far(a))-J_(far(0))和J_(tip)的特点,这里J_(far(0)),J_(far(a))分别表示无裂纹时和裂纹长度为a时的远场J积分,J_(tip)表示裂尖J积分.裂纹是垂直于界面的表面裂纹,基本假设是裂纹只影响局部应力应变场.由于积分路径所包围的材料界面长度随积分路径变化,导致J_(far(0))和J_(far(a))都随积分路径变化,但当积分路径远离裂纹影响区域时J_(far(a))-J_(far(0))不再随路径变化.J_(far(a))-J_(far(0))可作为非均匀材料断裂的远场驱动力参量,J_(tip)-(J_(far(a))-J_(far(0)))可用来评价材料非均匀性对裂纹扩展驱动力的促进或抑制作用.     

剪切载荷作用下含损伤胶接材料界面动应力强度因子的研究

主要针对剪切载荷作用下,胶接材料接合区域界面裂纹尖端动态应力强度因子进行了分析,其中考虑了裂尖区域的损伤．通过积分变换,引入位错密度函数,奇异积分方程被简化为代数方程,并采用配点法求解;最后经过Laplace逆变换,得到动态应力强度因子的时间响应．Ⅱ型动应力强度因子随着黏弹性胶层的剪切松弛参量、弹性基底的剪切模量和Poisson比的增加而增大;随膨胀松弛参量的增加而减小．损伤屏蔽发生在裂纹扩展的起始阶段．裂纹尖端的奇异性指数(-0.5)是与材料参数、损伤程度和时间无关的,而振荡指数由黏弹性材料参数控制．     

一类不可压缩材料平面应力问题的裂纹尖端场

本文采用完全非线性弹性理论,研究了一类不可压缩橡皮类材料[1]在Ⅰ型荷载作用下的平面应力问题.指出裂尖变形由两个收缩区和一个扩张区三部分组成.裂纹尖端应力、应变分别具有R-1、R-1/n的奇异性,当趋近裂尖时,厚度以R1/4n的方式趋于零,n为材料常数.     

双材料界面裂纹平面问题的半权函数法

应用半权函数法求解双材料界面裂纹的平面问题．由平衡方程、应力应变关系、界面的连续条件以及裂纹面零应力条件推导出裂尖的位移和应力场,其特征值为lambda及其共轭．设置特征值为lambda的虚拟位移和应力场,即界面裂纹的半权函数A·D2由功的互等定理得到应力强度因子KⅠ和KⅡ以半权函数与绕裂尖围道上参考位移和应力积分关系的表达式．数值算例体现了半权函数法精度可靠、计算简便的特点．     

关于平面断裂中的J积分

本文利用复变函数和微积分的理论讨论线弹性各向同性均匀材料板和正交异性复合材料板Ⅰ、Ⅱ型裂纹尖端附近的J积分,得到了下列结果: (1)将各个J积分统一化为对坐标的曲线积分的标准形式:J=∫_rP(x,y)dx+Q(x,y)dy (2)证明了各个J积分的路径无关性. (3)推出了各个J积分的具体计算公式.     

准解理微裂纹裂尖纳观变形场的实验研究

利用纳米云纹法这一新技术测量了Si单晶中裂尖在纳观尺度下的变形场,观察到了著名的Peierls型位错的存在,并得到了准解理微裂纹裂尖的纳观应变场, 证实在裂尖前方10 nm之外,应变分布与线弹性断裂力学预测相吻合.裂尖的微观破坏过程可概括为：发射少量位错后裂纹发生解理破坏,并以阶梯方式向前扩展.     

线性硬化材料中稳恒扩展裂纹尖端场的粘塑性解

采用弹粘塑性力学模型,对线性硬化材料中平面应变扩展裂纹尖端场进行了渐近分析．假设人工粘性系数与等效塑性应变率的幂次成反比,通过量级匹配表明应力和应变均具有幂奇异性,奇异性指数由粘性系数中等效塑性应变率的幂指数唯一确定．通过数值计算讨论了Ⅱ型动态扩展裂纹尖端场的分区构造随各材料参数的变化规律．结果表明裂尖场构造由硬化系数所控制而与粘性系数基本无关．弱硬化材料的二次塑性区可以忽略,而较强硬化材料的二次塑性区和二次弹性区对裂尖场均有重要影响．当裂纹扩展速度趋于零时,动态解趋于相应的准静态解;当硬化系数为零时便退化为HR(Hui-Riedel)解．     

复合材料平面断裂中的J积分

本文采用复变函数方法,首先将裂纹尖端应力和位移代入J积分的一般公式得到了线弹性正交异性复合材料单向板复合型裂纹尖端的J积分的复形式,其次证明了该J积分的路径无关性,最后推出了该J积分的计算公式.作为特例,给出了线弹性正交异性复合材料单向板Ⅰ,Ⅱ型裂纹尖端的J积分的复形式,路径无关性和计算公式.     

论三维非线性断裂动力学中的路径无关积分

本文讨论三维非线性断裂动力学中的路径无关积分,它是文[4]关于二维情况结果的拓充.在研究三维非线性固体中埋藏裂纹或表面裂纹的动力传播问题中,这种拓充是必要的.固体介质是非线性弹性的或弹塑性的的情况均被加以考虑,并作出了相应的向量型路径无关积分.解释了这种路径无关积分的力学意义,它被证明联系于动力裂纹扩展力,因而,它们可用于构作非线性断裂动力学中的断裂准则.     

非线性断裂动力学中的路径无关积分和断裂准则

本文考虑非线性断裂动力学中的路径无关积分和断裂准则.在讨论中计入了动力效应和裂纹的传播现象,考虑了裂纹在非线性弹性介质中的传播以及在弹塑性介质中的传播二种情况,作出了一些相应的路径无关积分.作为例子.讨论了裂纹的定常传播情况.最后,给出了这种路径无关积分的力学意义.说明它可用来作为非线性断裂动力学的一种断裂准则.     

Global approaches for accurate loading analyses and crack path predictions at single and two-cracks systems

Based on the work by Eshelby, the path-independent J_k-, M-, L- and interaction- or I_k-integrals were introduced and applied to cracks for the accurate calculation of crack tip loading quantities. Applying the FE-method to solve boundary value problems with cracks, numerically inaccurate values are observed within the crack tip region affecting the accuracy of local approaches. Simulating crack paths, local approaches face further problems as cracks are running towards interfaces, internal boundaries or other crack faces. Within global approaches, path-independent integrals are calculated along remote contours far from the crack tip, essentially exploiting numerically reliable data requiring special treatment only for the near-tip crack faces. To provide path-independence, additional integrals along interfaces, internal boundaries and crack faces are necessary. In this paper, new global approaches of path-independent integrals are presented and applied to the calculation of crack paths at two-cracks systems. A second focus is directed to the accurate loading analysis and crack path prediction considering anisotropic properties and material interfaces. The numerical model provides crack paths which are in good agreement with those obtained from crack growth experiments. (© 2015 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

论非线性连续介质热-力耦合系统中的动力裂纹传播

在许多工程问题中,热-力耦合是重要的,而不能加以忽略.核反应堆工程就是这样的一个例子.本文讨论非线性连续介质的热-力耦合系统中的裂纹传播问题.各种的非线性介质,包括非线性弹性、弹塑性介质,被加以考虑,并且给出了相应情况下的各种路径无关积分.为了解释这些积分的物理含义,通过考虑一个缺口试件的裂纹传播,证明热-力耦合系统中的动力裂纹扩展力就等于这一路径无关积分.因此,就可利用这些积分来构作热-力耦合系统断裂动力学的非线性断裂准则.     

Numerical crack path prediction considering orthotropic effects and experimental verification

For a reliable prediction of crack paths, on the one hand the accurate calculation of crack tip loading quantities is inevitable, on the other hand orthotropic features of the fracture toughness need to be taken into account. The interplay of crack tip loading and material response due to fracture is still unclear and seems to have a crucial effect on crack path predictions. Numerical tools for the accurate calculation of crack tip loading quantities using path-invariant J-integrals and interaction integrals (I-integral) are presented. Here, global approaches are beneficial when considering crack tips approaching other crack faces or internal boundaries. Curved crack faces have to be taken into account and special treatment regarding crack face integrals is necessary. Experimental investigations are carried out at standard CT-specimens of rolled aluminum alloy Al-7075 exhibiting a directional orthotropy of the fracture toughness. Considering that property, the numerically predicted crack paths based on FE calculations show very good agreement with subcritically grown paths obtained from experiments. (© 2014 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Non-local theory solution of two collinear mode-I cracks in piezoelectric materials

In this paper, the basic solution of two collinear cracks in a piezoelectric material plane subjected to a uniform tension loading is investigated by means of the non-local theory. Through the Fourier transform, the problem is solved with the help of two pairs of integral equations, in which the unknown variables are the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces. To solve the integral equations, the jumps of displacements across the crack surfaces are directly expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials. Numerical examples are provided to show the effects of the interaction of two cracks, the materials constants and the lattice parameter on the stress field and the electric displacement field near crack tips. Unlike the classical elasticity solution, it is found that no stress and electric displacement singularities are present at crack tips. The non-local elastic solutions yield a finite hoop stress at the crack tip, thus allowing us to using the maximum stress as a fracture criterion in piezoelectric materials.     

Magnetoelectroelastodynamic interaction of multiple arbitrarily oriented planar cracks

The problem of multiple arbitrarily oriented planar cracks in an infinite magnetoelectroelastic space under dynamic loadings is considered. An explicit solution to the problem is given in the Laplace transform domain in terms of suitable exponential Fourier integral representations. The unknown functions in the Fourier integrals are directly related to the Laplace transform of the jumps in the displacements, electric potential and magnetic potential across opposite crack faces and are to be determined by solving a system of hypersingular integral equations. Once the hypersingular integral equations are solved, the displacements, electric potential, magnetic potential and other quantities of interest such as the crack tip intensity factors may be easily computed in the Laplace transform domain and recovered in the physical space with the help of a suitable algorithm for inverting Laplace transforms.     

位于两不同正交各向异性半平面间张开型界面裂纹的性能分析

利用Schmidt方法分析了位于正交各向异性材料中的张开型界面裂纹问题．经富立叶变换使问题的求解转换为求解两对对偶积分方程,其中对偶积分方程的变量为裂纹面张开位移．最终获得了应力强度因子的数值解．与以前有关界面裂纹问题的解相比,没遇到数学上难以处理的应力振荡奇异性,裂纹尖端应力场的奇异性与均匀材料中裂纹尖端应力场的奇异性相同．同时当上下半平面材料相同时,可以得到其精确解．