一般相关激励下保守耦合系统的统计能量分析

目前相关激励下的统计能量关系实质是在比例相关或互谱密度为实数的相关激励下获得的。本文从分析普通相关激励下的功率流入手，给出相关激励下保守耦合系统统计能量关系的普通形式。实例表明，文中结论是正确的。     

相关激励下的统计能量分析法（SEA）研究

目前相关激励下的统计能量关系实质是在比例相关或互谱密度为实数的相关激励下获得的，从分析普通相关激励下的功率流入手、给出相关激励下保守耦合系统及非保守耦合系统统计能量关系的普遍形式，实例表明：文中的分析和结论是正确的。     

结构声振研究的功率流方法

功率流方法是近年来研究柔性结构动态特性的主要手段, 其计算可分为低频段、中频段和高 频段. 本文讨论了有限元法、导纳功率流法、统计能量分析法、能量有限元法、参数化统计 能量分析法、子结构法、Lagrange乘子混合法、有限元/统计能量分析混合法、有限元/功 率流有限元混合法等方法, 各种方法适用频段各不相同, 综合应用这些方法, 可以解决绝大 多数声振预测问题.     

组合系统在限带白噪声激励下的均方响应

本文考察组合系统在限带白噪声激励下的均方响应。通过离散化和复模态分析,求得系统在限带白噪声激励下均方响应的闭式解。本方法通用于宽带激励与窄带激励情形.     

A Volterra-PEM approach for random vibration spectrum analysis of nonlinear systems

In this paper, the Volterra series and the pseudo-excitation method (PEM) are combined to establish a frequency domain method for the power spectral density (PSD) analysis of random vibration of nonlinear systems. The explicit expression of the multi-dimensional power spectral density (MPSD) of the random vibration response is derived analytically. Furthermore, a fast calculation strategy from MPSD to physical PSD is given. The PSD characteristics analysis of the random vibration response of nonlinear systems is effectively achieved. First, within the framework of Volterra series theory, an improved PEM is established for MPSD analysis of nonlinear systems. As a generalized PEM for nonlinear random vibration analysis, the Volterra-PEM is used to analyse the response MPSD, which also has a very concise expression. Second, in the case of computation difficulties with multi-dimensional integration from MPSD to PSD, the computational efficiency is improved by converting the multi-dimensional integral into a matrix operation. Finally, as numerical examples, the Volterra-PEM is used to estimate the response PSD for stationary random vibration of a nonlinear spring-damped oscillator and a non-ideal boundary beam with geometrical nonlinearity. Compared with Monte Carlo simulation, the results show that by constructing generalized pseudo-excitation and matrix operation methods, Volterra-PEM can be used for input PSD with arbitrary energy distribution, not only restricted to broadband white noise excitation, and accurately predict the secondary resonance phenomenon of the random vibration response of nonlinear systems in the frequency domain.

     

移动随机荷载作用下梁桥非平稳随机振动的PEM-FFT方法

针对移动随机载荷作用下桥梁结构非平稳随机振动问题,建立了一种基于频域分析的虚拟激励-傅里叶变换方法(PEM-FFT)。与通常的非平稳随机振动的时频分析方法不同,提出的方法完全在频域上执行。其主要特色是能够给出随机输入与随机输出的频域关系,表明移动载荷作用下结构非平稳随机振动分析仅需对载荷的确定性移动函数项进行计算。数值算例考虑了等截面/变截面简支梁受移动随机载荷作用的问题,首先与通常的时频分析方法进行对比,验证了PEM-FFT方法的正确性和有效性,进一步讨论了不同结构形式以及不同载荷移动速度对响应演变统计量的影响。     

粘滞阻尼器减震结构非线性随机振动的时域显式降维迭代随机模拟法

粘滞阻尼器在大型复杂结构减震设计中应用广泛。由于粘滞阻尼器的非线性阻尼力特性,粘滞阻尼器减震结构非平稳随机地震反应分析是一个典型的局部非线性随机振动问题。利用减震结构动力响应时域显式表达式的降维列式优势,仅针对与粘滞阻尼器相关的局部自由度进行非线性迭代计算,提出了局部非线性随机振动问题的时域显式降维迭代随机模拟法,为设置粘滞阻尼器的大型复杂减震结构非线性地震反应分析提供一种高效的随机振动方法。以安装了四个纵桥向粘滞阻尼器的某主跨1200m悬索桥为工程实例,开展E2水准地震激励下的非线性随机振动分析。计算结果显示,设置阻尼器后,主梁的纵桥向位移得到明显控制,降幅达到80%,大桥的关键截面内力也有5%左右的降幅。     

耦合阻尼对非保守耦合振子能量分布与功率流的影响

作为非保守耦合系统统计能量分析的基础,本文研究了耦合阻尼对非保守耦合系统能量分布与功率流的影响.在给出各项有关的损耗因子和耦合损耗因子的定义后,本文从理论上推导了非保守耦合振子间各项功率流与振子平均振动能量之间关系的理论表达式,以及功率平衡方程式和振子能量比的表达式.理论分析和数值计算的结果表明,非保守耦合振子之间的原始功率流和附加功率流以及总功率流不仅取决于两振子的平均振动能量之差,而且取决于振子的平均振动能量之和,总功率流的方向即与两振子能量相对大小有关,也与耦合性质有关;小耦合阻尼是非保守耦合的特例,由此特例不足以得到非保守耦合情况的一般特点。     

Exploiting the subharmonic parametric resonances of a buckled beam for vibratory energy harvesting

The potential of harvesting vibratory energy via a bistable beam subjected to subharmonic parametric excitations is investigated. The vibrating structure is a buckled beam with two stable equilibria separated by a potential barrier. The beam is subjected to a superposition of a static axial load beyond its buckling load and a harmonic axial excitation whose frequency is around twice the frequency of the buckled beam’s first vibration mode. A macro-fiber composite patch is attached to one side of the beam to convert the strain energy resulting from the beam’s oscillation into electricity. The study considers two regimes of excitations: an amplitude sweep and a frequency sweep. In the first regime, the amplitude of excitation is quasi-statically varied while the excitation frequency is tuned at twice the natural frequency of the first vibration mode. In the second regime, the excitation frequency is swept forward and backward around the subharmonic resonant frequency while the amplitude of excitation is kept constant. A theoretical model which governs the electromechanical coupling of the transverse vibrations of the beam and the output voltage is used to monitor the response as the excitation parameters are changed. An experimental setup is also built and a series of tests is performed to validate the theoretical findings. It is shown that, depending on the amplitude and frequency of excitation, the harvester can perform small-amplitude periodic intra-well motion, intra- and inter-well chaotic motions, as well as periodic inter-well motions. Experimental results also show that, as compared to the classical linear resonance, utilizing the sub-harmonic resonance of a bistable energy harvesters can result in a broadband frequency response.     

平稳/非平稳激励下中厚圆柱壳随机振动响应的基准解

圆柱壳结构被广泛应用于航空航天、船舶、汽车工程等领域.由于服役环境复杂,圆柱壳会受到随机激励作用,从而产生随机振动响应.本文针对考虑横向剪切变形和转动惯量的中厚圆柱壳,将虚拟激励法拓展到连续体结构,高效获得了各类随机激励下响应均方根的基准解.首先,开展了简支条件下中厚圆柱壳的自由振动分析,精确求得各阶自振频率和解析振型...     

空间相关过滤白噪声激励下结构的随机振动离散分析方法

以随机振动的离散分析方法为基础,讨论了在空间相关过滤白噪声激励下结构的随机振动分析,给出了计算结构均值和均方响应的具体公式,并对一空间索网结构进行了风振响应计算。     

高频宽带随机激励下的结构减振

本文运用能量观点,利用统计能量分析法的基本结论,对受高频宽带随机激励的结构,按不同要求,提出了两种不同的振动控制理论。从理论上阐明了结构的高频宽带随机振动水平与输入功率、结构的损耗因子、耦合损耗因子等的关系;得出了合理控制输入功率的大小、作用部位及损耗因子的大小、分配方式可降低结构振动的结论;发现了根据各分系统单个模态平均储存能量及损耗因子的大小,合理改变各分系统间的耦合损耗因子可控制结构振动的一般规律;给出了几种不同的结构减振措施;提出了不同于常规隔振式高频宽带结构减振。实验表明,上述分析及结论是正确的。     

Nonlinear dynamics and performance analysis of modified snap-through vibration energy harvester with time-varying potential function

Vibration energy harvesting has emerged as a promising method to harvest energy for small-scale applications. Enhancing the performance of a vibration energy harvester(VEH) incorporating nonlinear techniques, for example, the snap-through VEH with geometric non-linearity, has gained attention in recent years. A conventional snap-through VEH is a bi-stable system with a time-invariant potential function, which was investigated extensively in the past. In this work, a modified snap-through VEH wit...     

给出不确定性激励下的动态响应边界——一种非随机振动分析方法

提出了一种非随机振动分析方法,可给出系统在不确定性激励下的动态响应边界,从而为实验信息相对缺乏的不确定性振动分析及未来的可靠性设计提供一种新的计算工具.采用非概率凸模型过程而非传统的随机过程描述不确定性动态激励,仅需知道激励在任意时刻点的边界信息而非精确概率分布,从而有效降低对大样本量的依赖性.针对单自由度和多自由度系统,建立了相应的非随机振动分析算法,以求解系统在不确定性动态激励下的响应区间;另外,也给出了蒙特卡罗仿真方法,为非随机振动提供一种最为一般的分析工具.最后,通过3个数值算例验证了本文方法的有效性.非随机振动分析方法可以作为传统随机振动理论的补充,在工程不确定性结构动力学分析及结构可靠性设计领域发挥作用.      

Optimum design of dynamic vibration absorbers for a beam, based on H ∞ and H 2 Optimization

The solutions to H _∞ and H ₂ optimization problems of a variant dynamic vibration absorber (DVA) applied to suppress vibration in beam structures are derived analytically. The H _∞ optimum parameters such as tuning frequency and damping ratios are expressed based on fixed-point theory to minimize the resonant vibration amplitude, as well as, the H ₂ optimum parameters to minimize the total vibration energy or the mean square motion of a beam under random force excitation as analytical formulas. The reduction in maximum amplitude responses and mean square motion of a beam using the traditional vibration absorber is compared with the proposed dynamic absorber. Numerical results show the non-traditional DVA under optimum conditions has better vibration suppression performance on beam structures than the traditional design of DVA. Furthermore, comparing H _∞ and H ₂ optimization procedures shows that for a beam under random force excitation, use of H₂ optimum parameters resulting in smaller mean square motion than the other optimization.     

分布振子复合板的模态阻尼及多点激励下阻尼减振相关性

分布阻尼振子可拓宽结构减振频带,因此可将振子分布于板中以形成复合板（简称“分布振子复合板”）,进而实现较宽的减振频带．对于多点支撑处受到宽频非一致激励（例如在不同激励点处的激励频率、幅值与相位有差异）的分布振子复合板,目前还缺乏有效简便的优化控制指标．在作者之前的研究中,针对含分布振子的梁推导了基于模态应变能的模态阻尼计算理论,讨论了模态阻尼与单点激励下梁的减振效果的相关性,并应用于宽频减振设计优化．本文进一步将模态阻尼计算理论推广到分布振子复合板,并将研究从梁的单点激励扩展到板的多点非一致激励下的阻尼减振相关性．首先,在利用模态应变能法推导得到分布振子复合板的模态阻尼计算公式后,从理论上讨论了不同边界条件与模态阶次对计算结果的影响,以及计算理论的适用性．而后,进一步通过有限元参数分析了边界条件、频率比、模态阶次与质量比的影响．最后,通过算例分析了无振子板或分布振子复合板在四个激励点具有多种幅值与相位组合情况下的稳态响应．结果表明,推导的模态阻尼计算公式可正确预测不同边界条件下的模态阻尼,且理论预测的模态阻尼与基板的稳态平均加速度减小率、稳态峰值应变能减小率均有较高的相关性．     

三维车桥耦合系统的非平稳随机振动分析

推导了线性时变系统非平稳随机响应的多维虚拟激励法,研究了三维车桥耦合系统受轨道激励而产生的非平稳随机振动。桥梁模型采用空间Euler梁单元,轨道激励假设为均匀调制多点异相位非平稳随机激励。采用多维虚拟激励法把轨道不平度转化为一系列简谐不平度的叠加,通过简单分解精细积分格式进行迭代计算,最终得到系统随机响应的时变功率谱及均方根。数值算例中,用时间历程法验证了本文方法的正确性,并且分析了方向、高低、水平三类轨道激励同时作用下三维车桥耦合系统的非平稳随机振动特性。     

Performance analysis of a nonlinear inerter-based vibration isolator with inerter embedded in a linkage mechanism

This study presents an inerter-based nonlinear vibration isolator with geometrical nonlinearity created by configuring an inerter in a diamond-shaped linkage mechanism. The isolation performance of the proposed nonlinear isolator subjected to force or base-motion excitations is investigated. Both analytical and alternating frequency-time harmonic balance methods as well as numerical integration method are used to obtain the dynamic response. Beneficial performance of the nonlinear isolator is demonstrated by various performance indices including the force and displacement transmissibility as well as power flow variables. It is found that the use of the nonlinear inerter in the isolator can shift and bend the peaks of the transmissibility and time-averaged power flow to the low-frequency range, creating a larger frequency band of effective vibration isolation. It is also shown that the inertance-to-mass ratio and the initial distance of the nonlinear inerter can be effectively tailored to achieve reduced transmissibility and power transmission at interested frequencies. Anti-resonant peaks appear at specific frequency, creating near-zero energy transmission and significantly reducing vibration transmission to a base structure on which the proposed isolator is mounted.

     

梁式结构受移动荷载作用非平稳随机振动的DQ-PEM方法

针对梁式结构受移动荷载作用的非平稳随机振动问题,提出了一种综合利用微分求积法和虚拟激励法DQ-PEM的新方法。梁式结构受移动荷载作用的振动控制方程为含Dirac函数的偏微分方程,利用微分求积(DQ)-积分求积法(IQ)法将其振动控制方程转化为不含Dirac函数的常微分方程。同时,将表示荷载位置变化的Dirac函数视为移动荷载的非平稳化函数,再结合虚拟激励法的思想,可得梁式结构在确定性荷载作用下的虚拟响应,进而得到其非平稳随机响应。通过工程算例验证了该方法的准确性与有效性,并进一步讨论了不同速度和不同边界条件下梁式结构受移动荷载作用的随机振动问题。     

非高斯随机激励下工程结构可靠性估计的一种方法

本文将工程结构考虑为振动系统,把随机载荷及在结构上的载荷效应作为随机过程,分析状态函数的高阶矩,进行最大熵概率分析,得到结构在随机载荷作用下失效的概率。此法为随机环境下工作的结构、构件或设备的安全设计、可靠性检验提供了一个可行的方法。