Characterization of composition operators with closed range for one-dimensional smooth symbols

We give a full characterization of smooth symbols ψ:R→R$\psi :\mathbb{R}\to \mathbb{R}$ for which the composition operator _Cψ:C^∞(R)→C^∞(R)$C_{\psi }:C^{\infty }(\mathbb{R})\to C^{\infty }(\mathbb{R})$, F?F°ψ$F?F°\psi$ has closed range. This generalizes in a special case the result of Kenessey and Wengenroth who gave such a characterization for smooth injective   symbols ψ:R→R^d$\psi :\mathbb{R}\to {\mathbb{R}}^d$.     

Complete systems of partial derivatives of entire functions and frequently hypercyclic operators

We find some sufficient conditions for a system of partial derivatives of an entire function to be complete in the space H(C^d)$H({\mathbb{C}}^d)$ of all entire functions of d   variables. As an application of this result we describe new classes of frequently hypercyclic operators on H(C^d)$H({\mathbb{C}}^d)$.     

Derivations and local derivations on Freudenthal almost f-algebras

Let A be an Archimedean f  -algebra and let N(A)$N(A)$ be the set of all nilpotent elements of A. Colville et al. [4] proved that a positive linear map d:A→A$d:A\to A$ is a derivation if and only if d(A)⊂N(A)$d(A)\subset N(A)$ and d(A²)={0}$d(A^2)=\{0\}$, where A²$A^2$ is the set of all products ab in A.     

On the q-Bernstein polynomials of rational functions with real poles

The paper aims to investigate the convergence of the q  -Bernstein polynomials _Bn,q(f;x)$B_{n,q}(f;x)$ attached to rational functions in the case q>1$q>1$. The problem reduces to that for the partial fractions (x−α)^−j${(x-\alpha )}^{-j}$, j∈N$j\in \mathbb{N}$. The already available results deal with cases, where either the pole α   is simple or α≠q^−m$\alpha \ne q^{-m}$, m∈_N0$m\in {\mathbb{N}}_0$. Consequently, the present work is focused on the polynomials _Bn,q(f;x)$B_{n,q}(f;x)$ for the functions of the form f(x)=(x−q^−m)^−j$f(x)={(x-q^{-m})}^{-j}$ with j?2$j?2$. For such functions, it is proved that the interval of convergence of {_Bn,q(f;x)}$\{B_{n,q}(f;x)\}$ depends not only on the location, but also on the multiplicity of the pole – a phenomenon which has not been considered previously.     

Functional calculus for semigroup generators via transference

In this article we apply a recently established transference principle in order to obtain the boundedness of certain functional calculi for semigroup generators. In particular, it is proved that if −A   generates a _C0$C_0$-semigroup on a Hilbert space, then for each τ>0$\tau >0$ the operator A   has a bounded calculus for the closed ideal of bounded holomorphic functions on a (sufficiently large) right half-plane that satisfy f(z)=O(e^−τRe(z))$f(z)=O(e^{-\tau \mathrm{Re}(z)})$ as |z|→∞$|z|\to \infty$. The bound of this calculus grows at most logarithmically as τ↘0$\tau \searrow 0$. As a consequence, f(A)$f(A)$ is a bounded operator for each holomorphic function f (on a right half-plane) with polynomial decay at ∞. Then we show that each semigroup generator has a so-called (strong) m  -bounded calculus for all m∈N$m\in \mathbb{N}$, and that this property characterizes semigroup generators. Similar results are obtained if the underlying Banach space is a UMD space. Upon restriction to so-called γ-bounded semigroups, the Hilbert space results actually hold in general Banach spaces.     

p-Laplacian boundary value problems on exterior regions

This paper treats some variational principles for solutions of inhomogeneous p  -Laplacian boundary value problems on exterior regions U?R^N$U?{\mathbb{R}}^N$ with dimension N?3$N?3$. Existence-uniqueness results when p∈(1,N)$p\in (1,N)$ are provided in a space E^1,p(U)$E^{1,p}(U)$ of functions that contains W^1,p(U)$W^{1,p}(U)$. Functions in E^1,p(U)$E^{1,p}(U)$ are required to decay at infinity in a measure theoretic sense. Various properties of this space are derived, including results about equivalent norms, traces and an L^p$L^p$-imbedding theorem. Also an existence result for a general variational problem of this type is obtained.     

Hypergroups and invariant complemented subspaces

Let K   be a hypergroup with a Haar measure. The purpose of the present paper is to initiate a systematic approach to the study of the class of invariant complemented subspaces of _L∞(K)$L_{\infty }(K)$ and _C0(K)$C_0(K)$, the class of left translation invariant w^?$w^{?}$-subalgebras of _L∞(K)$L_{\infty }(K)$ and finally the class of non-zero left translation invariant C^?$C^{?}$-subalgebras of _C0(K)$C_0(K)$ in the hypergroup context with the goal of finding some relations between these function spaces. Among other results, we construct two correspondences: one, between closed Weil subhypergroups and certain left translation invariant w^?$w^{?}$-subalgebras of _L∞(K)$L_{\infty }(K)$, and another, between compact subhypergroups and a specific subclass of the class of left translation invariant C^?$C^{?}$-subalgebras of _C0(K)$C_0(K)$. By the help of these two characterizations, we extract some results about invariant complemented subspaces of _L∞(K)$L_{\infty }(K)$ and _C0(K)$C_0(K)$.     

Inequalities with exponential weights

Let R=(-∞,∞)$\mathbb{R}=(-\infty ,\infty )$ and let Q∈C²:R→R⁺=[0,∞)$Q\in C^2:\mathbb{R}\to {\mathbb{R}}^{+}=[0,\infty )$ be an even function. Then in this paper we consider the infinite–finite range inequality, an estimate for the Christoffel function, and the Markov–Bernstein inequality with the exponential weights _wρ(x)=|x|^ρe^-Q(x),x∈R$w_{\rho }(x)=|x{|}^{\rho }{\mathrm{e}}^{-Q(x)},x\in \mathbb{R}$.     

Multiplicity of layered solutions for Allen–Cahn systems with symmetric double well potential

We study the existence of solutions u:R³→R²$u:{\mathbb{R}}^3\to {\mathbb{R}}^2$ for the semilinear elliptic systems

equation(0.1)

−Δu(x,y,z)+∇W(u(x,y,z))=0,$-\mathrm{\Delta }u(x,y,z)+\mathrm{\nabla }W(u(x,y,z))=0,$

where W:R²→R$W:{\mathbb{R}}^2\to \mathbb{R}$ is a double well symmetric potential. We use variational methods to show, under generic non-degenerate properties of the set of one dimensional heteroclinic connections between the two minima _a±${\mathbf{a}}_{\pm }$ of W, that (0.1) has infinitely many geometrically distinct solutions u∈C²(R³,R²)$u\in C^2({\mathbb{R}}^3,{\mathbb{R}}^2)$ which satisfy u(x,y,z)→_a±$u(x,y,z)\to {\mathbf{a}}_{\pm }$ as x→±∞$x\to \pm \infty$ uniformly with respect to (y,z)∈R²$(y,z)\in {\mathbb{R}}^2$ and which exhibit dihedral symmetries with respect to the variables y and z  . We also characterize the asymptotic behavior of these solutions as |(y,z)|→+∞$|(y,z)|\to +\infty$.     

Uniform point-wise error estimates of semi-implicit compact finite difference methods for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation perturbed by wave operator

This study is devoted to analysis of semi-implicit compact finite difference (SICFD) methods for the nonlinear Schrödinger equation (NLS) perturbed by the wave operator (NLSW) with a perturbation strength described by a dimensionless parameter ε∈(0,1]$\epsilon \in (0,1]$. Uniform l^∞$l^{\infty }$-norm error bounds of the proposed SICFD schemes are built to give immediate insight on point-wise error occurring as time increases, and the explicit dependence of the mesh size and time step on the parameter ε is also figured out. In the small ε   regime, highly oscillations arise in time with O(ε²)$O({\epsilon }^2)$-wavelength. This highly oscillatory nature in time as well as the difficulty raised by the compact FD discretization make establishing the l^∞$l^{\infty }$-norm error bounds uniformly in ε   of the SICFD methods for NLSW to be a very interesting and challenging issue. The uniform l^∞$l^{\infty }$-norm error bounds in ε   are proved to be of O(h⁴+τ)$O(h^4+\tau )$ and O(h⁴+τ^2/3)$O(h^4+{\tau }^{2/3})$ with time step τ and mesh size h for well-prepared and ill-prepared initial data. Finally, numerical results are reported to verify the error estimates and show the sharpness of the convergence rates in the respectively parameter regimes.