聚乙烯亚胺复合铜微粒的制备及表征

以溶液还原法对聚乙烯亚胺（PEI）和Cu2＋形成的配合物进行还原,制备了金属Cu微粒。扫描电镜对微粒的分析表明,低浓度Cu2＋配合物制备的微粒形态规则、分布均匀,粒径约0.98μm。红外光谱、X-衍射对微粒组成的分析表明,PEI键合地包覆Cu微粒,没有Cu的其他氧化物存在,PEI包覆量占微粒质量的14.6%,形成的复合...     

不同形貌氧化锌的微波水热法制备及其光催化性能

采用微波水热法在乙二醇的辅助下,制备出一系列不同形貌的氧化锌(Zn O)纳米/微米颗粒。扫描电子显微镜测试结果表明,乙二醇的加入量对样品的形貌有着非常显著的影响,通过控制乙二醇的加入量,可以得到不规则片状、六方棱柱孪晶、梭子形和球形等形貌的Zn O纳米/微米颗粒。从微波反应器检测压力结果可以看出,乙二醇的加入量对反应体系的压力影响非常显著,这起到了调控纳米晶生长速度的效果进而得到不同形貌的样品。在此基础上,系统测试了样品在氙灯照射下光催化降解罗丹明B的能力,结果表明,乙二醇加入量大于12 m L时的球状样品光催化效率要远高于其他样品,在50 min内能完成对罗丹明B的降解。     

聚己内酯-聚丙交酯-聚醚三元共聚高分子微粒及其降解的研究

用乳化－ 溶剂蒸发法制备了聚己内酯－ 聚丙交酯－ 聚醚三元无规共聚物微粒,且与用相同方法制备的聚己内酯（ＰＣＬ） 和聚己内酯－ 聚醚嵌段共聚物微粒的形态进行了比较,讨论了材料的亲水性,以及三元无规共聚物中亲水性聚醚链段的长度及含量对所形成微粒形态的影响。研究结果表明,随着聚合物由疏水性向亲水性转变,所生成微粒的形态则从光滑、多孔、到不规则变化。证明了三元无规共聚物多孔微粒的形成是由于亲水的聚醚链段向水相取向所致。在３７ ℃、ｐＨ７ ．４ 的缓冲液中进行了三元无规共聚物微粒的降解,结果表明,随着降解时间的延长, 三元无规共聚物的分子量逐渐下降,且其中的聚醚链段含量有明显的降低。     

Easily grafted polyurethanes with reactive main chain functional groups. Synthesis,characterization, and antithrombogenicity of poly(ethylene glycol)-grafted poly(urethanes)

A novel synthesis of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-grafted poly(urethanes) (PURs) is described based on a precursor PUR containing free amino groups in the main chain. Three different poly(urethane) backbones were prepared: a homopoly(urethane) comprised of N-Bocdiethanolamine (BDA) and 4,4′-methylenebis(phenyl isocyanate) (MDI), a copoly(urethane) (COPUR) consisting of BDA, N-benzyldiethanolamine and MDI, and a poly(urethane urea) (PUU) that was prepared from BDA, MDI, and ethylenediamine as the chain extender. The M_n of these poly(urethanes) ranged from 32,000 to 72,000 g/mol. PEG (750, 1,900, and 5,000 g/mol) was grafted onto the boc-deprotected poly(urethanes) via the chloroformate. Films of the polymers were spin cast from dilute solutions, annealed, and the surfaces analyzed by goniometry. Water contact angle data indicates increasing PEG surface coverage of the poly(urethanes) with increasing PEG molecular weight. Reorientation of the polymer films is evidenced by contact angle hysteresis. Polymer thrombogenicity, which was studied using blood perfusion experiments, shows that COPUR-g-PEG5000 and PUU-g-PEG5000 exhibit very little platelet adhesion. © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 37: 3441–3448, 1999     

Novel Synthesis of N-Substituted p-Hydroxybenzoic Amides on Soluble Polymer-Support

The synthesis of N-substituted p-hydroxybenzoic amides using a liquid phase approach is described. Poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) and p-hydroxybenzoic acid were linked by oxalyl chloride to give compound 1, which was chlorinated by thionyl chloride, followed by amidation with NHR^1R^2 to yield compound 3. Hydrolysis of compound 3 gave the title amide 4.These crude library members were obtained in good yields with high purities.     

Rings of Hydrogel Fabricated by a Micro‐Transfer Technique

Microgel rings have been fabricated on a glass surface by a micro‐transfer technique. The polymer melt is transferred to the substrate surface in a confined space with a picoliter volume along the boundary of the polymeric stamp. The surface of the polymer features is smoothened by surface tension in an annealing cycle, which results in isotropic rings. After cross‐linking, the microgels respond swiftly when immersed in water. Asymmetric rings are also obtained by tilting the substrate. The microgels can detach from the substrate to form a suspension of the rings. Conjugated rings have also been fabricated by supplementing functional molecules into the poly(ethylene glycol) network.

     

Corrosion inhibition of zinc-plated steel in 0.5, 1 and 1.5 M sulphuric acid by poly(ethylene glycol)

The effect of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) 4000 on the corrosion of zinc-plated steel in H₂SO₄ has been investigated over a wide range of conditions. It was found that the corrosion rate depends upon exposure time. The rate of corrosion goes down rapidly to reach a low value, which is an almost constant value within 5 hr under most conditions. This trend was also found by Growock and Lopp for the inhibition of steel corrosion in HCl with 3-phenyl-2-propyl-1-ol. Other workers have linked this slow fall-off in the corrosion rate to film formation. The corrosion rate was found to decrease slowly with increasing PEG concentration, and to increase slowly with acid concentration for all conditions. The effect of temperature on corrosion rate was found to be similar to that of acid concentration. The corrosion rate decreased exponentially with poly(ethylene glycol) concentration. The percentage inhibition reached a value of 48.93 for a PEG concentration of 4 ppm: to double this, the concentration had to be increased to 40,000 ppm. Sulphuric acid titration against sodium hydroxide showed no change in acid concentration during the corrosion protection process, thus supporting the film protection theory     

Polyurethane Based Materials for the Production of Biomedical Materials

Polyurethanes (PUs) composed by hard and soft segments have been extensively used in the manufacturing of biocompatible prosthesis and medical devices. A broad variety of PUs can be obtained by modifying the balance between both segments. In the present work, different basically-flexible PUs have been prepared by employing different combinations of aliphatic hexamethylene diisocyanate, poly(ethylene glycol) (Mw 400 Da), poly(ϵ-caprolactone) diol (Mw 530 Da), and 1,4-butanediol. Thermal analysis of the synthesized PUs demonstrated high thermal stability and the assumption of glassy state well below room temperature, in agreement with their marked flexibility. Morphological characterization of PUs films indicated that films prepared by spin coating were smoother and more homogeneous than those obtained by casting. Biological assays performed by using 3T3/BALB-C mouse embryo fibroblast cell line confirmed the absence of toxicity and hence the biocompatibility of PU-films.     

Synthesis and characterization of biodegradable poly(L-aspartic acid-co-PEG)

The melt polycondensation reaction of the prepolymer prepared from N-(benzyloxycarbonyl)-L -aspartic acid anhydride (N-CBz-L -aspartic acid anhydride) and low molecular weight poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) using titanium isopropoxide (TIP) as a catalyst produced the new biodegradable poly(L -aspartic acid-co-PEG). This new copolymer had pendant amine functional groups along the polymer backbone chain. The optimal reaction conditions for the preparation of the prepolymer were obtained by using a 0.12 mol % of p-toluenesulfonic acid with PEG 200 for 48 h. The weight-average molecular weight of the prepolymer increased from 1,290 to 31,700 upon melt polycondensation for 6 h at 130°C under vacuum using 0.5 wt % TIP as a catalyst. The synthesized monomer, prepolymer, and copolymer were characterized by FTIR, ¹H- and ¹³C-NMR, and UV spectrophotometers. Thermal properties of the prepolymer and the protected copolymer were measured by DSC. The glass transition temperature (T_g) of the prepolymer shifted to a significantly higher temperature with increasing molecular weight via melt polycondensation reaction, and no melting temperature was observed. The in vitro hydrolytic degradation of these poly(L -aspartic acid-co-PEG) was measured in terms of molecular weight loss at different times and pHs at 37°C. This pH-dependent molecular weight loss was due to a simple hydrolysis of the backbone ester linkages and was characterized by more rapid rates of hydrolysis at an alkaline pH. These new biodegradable poly(L -aspartic acid-co-PEG)s may have potential applications in the biomedical field. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci A: Polym Chem 36: 2949–2959, 1998     

基于四重氢键作用的相变保温聚氨酯

以一种新型含四重氢键脲基嘧啶酮单元（2-脲-4[1H]-嘧啶酮,UPy）的二元醇为扩链剂,扩链异氰酸酯基封端的1,6-己二异氰酸酯（HDI）与聚乙二醇（PEG）合成的聚氨酯预聚物,成功合成了含四重氢键单元的相变保温聚氨酯。通过DSC、XRD、黏度测试及拉伸力学性能测试对聚氨酯进行了性能分析。结果表明：该聚氨酯具有较好的...     

叶酸接枝聚乙二醇化壳聚糖衍生物的合成

本文通过邻苯二甲酸酐保护壳聚糖的2-NH2,在壳聚糖的6-OH上引入聚乙二醇单甲醚。再经脱保护基团、2-NH2挂接叶酸,合成了叶酸接枝的聚乙二醇化壳聚糖。目标物用FT-IR,1HNMR,UV-Vis进行了表征。     

Micellization and Thermogelation of Poly(ether urethane)s Comprising Poly(ethylene glycol) and Poly(propylene glycol)

A series of multiblock poly(ether urethane)s comprising poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), and poly(propylene glycol) (PPG) segments were synthesized. Their aqueous solutions exhibited thermogelling behavior at critical gelation concentrations (CGC) ranging from 8 to 12 wt%. The composition and structural information of the copolymers were studied by GPC and ¹H NMR. The critical micellization concentration (CMC) and thermodynamic parameters for micelle formation were determined at different temperatures. The temperature response of the copolymer solutions were studied and found to be associated with the composition of the copolymers.     

X-ray shielding polyurethanes: Synthesis and characterization

Synthesis and characterization of X-ray shielding thermoplastic polyurethane elastomers which are capable of blocking harmful radiation emitted by various sources are reported. X-ray shielding capability was generated in the polymer by covalently binding iodine atoms in a monomer and polymerizing it with other monomers such that the resultant polymer has the capability of shielding X-radiation. For rendering X-ray shielding capability to the polyurethane, Bisphenol-A (BPA) was iodinated to 4,4′-isopropylidinedi-(2,6-diiodophenol) (IBPA) and it was used as a chain extender during the synthesis of polyurethane. Polyurethanes were synthesized by reacting 1,6-diisocyanatohexane and IBPA with two different polyols, namely, poly(tetramethylene glycol) and poly(hexamethylene carbonate) diol. X-ray shielding polyurethanes (XPU) were characterized by infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, dynamic mechanical analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, gel permeation chromatography, and X-radiography. Studies showed that by effectively changing polyol from polyether to polycarbonate, XPUs having different physicomechanical properties could be manufactured. Furthermore, these polyurethanes were also found to be noncytotoxic to L929 fibroblast cell lines. X-ray images revealed that the incorporation of IBPA has rendered X-ray opacity to the polyurethanes which are several times higher than the aluminum wedge of equivalent thickness. The materials are sufficiently flexible and rubbery, so can be used as coatings, films, or sheets for applications in energy sector, power-generating nuclear power plants, defense sector (bunkers for army personnel), medical applications (X-ray diagnostic and CT scanner rooms, gamma radiation therapy of cancer), etc.     

Poly (caprolactone)/poly (ethylene glycol) pervaporation blend membranes: Synthesis,characterization, and performance

Poly (caprolactone) membranes with addition of different poly (ethylene glycol) concentrations were prepared for separation of water/isopropanol azeotropic mixture by pervaporation process. Different characterization tests including Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy, water contact angle, and thermogravimetric analysis were carried out on the prepared membranes. In addition, the effect of poly (ethylene glycol) PEG content on the swelling degree and the performance of the prepared membranes in pervaporation process were investigated. According to the obtained results, all the membranes were water selective and the blend membrane containing 3 wt% PEG exhibited the best pervaporation performance with a water flux of 0.517 kg/m² hour and separation factor of 1642 at the ambient temperature. Hydrophilicity improvement of the blend membranes was confirmed by constant decrease in water contact angle of the membranes as PEG content increased in the casting solution. Scanning electron microscopy cross‐sectional images indicated that the blend membranes containing PEG had a closed cellular structure. Furthermore, mechanical and thermal properties of the membranes decreased by adding PEG.     

聚苯乙烯负载聚乙二醇在合成碳酸亚丙酯上的应用

用金属钾、金属钠以及氢氧化钠水溶液等方法制备聚苯乙烯负载聚乙二醇，结果表明，采用金属钾比金属钢具有更好的接枝效果，并能使反应在较低的温度下较快进行。在氢氧化钠溶液中添加少量相转移剂，如Bu4NBr，接枝效果也有所提高。以聚苯乙烯负载聚乙二醇和KI一起为催化剂，研究了溶剂、温度等因素对CO2与环氧丙烷合成碳酸亚丙酯催化活性的影响。结果表明，以甲醇为溶剂催化活性较高。研究还表明，聚苯乙烯负载聚乙二醇具有较好的热稳定性，可以在150℃下重复使用至少5次。     

PLGA-(PEG-ASP)n共聚物的合成与性能研究

以辛酸亚锡[Sn(Oct)2]为催化剂,聚乙二醇／L-天冬氨酸预聚物[(PEG-ASP)n]为共引发剂,引发D,L—LA和GA开环共聚合成具有功能侧氨基的PLGA-(PEGASP)n共聚物。通过FTIR、^1H—NMR、DSC、表面接触角测定和细胞培养等方法研究共聚物的结构与性能。结果表明,共聚物为典型的非晶态聚合物;共聚物的亲水性以及对骨髓基质细胞的粘附能力和粘附效率均明显优于PLGA。     

One-pot Synthesis of Isoxazolines Using Soluble Polymer-supported Acrylate

An eficient liquid-phase synthesis of isoxazolines through a 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition is described.Soluble polymer-supported acrylate reacted with nitrile oxides generated in-situ,followed by cleavage from the support giving corresponding isoxazolines in high yields and excellent purities.     

Bond interchange reactions in functionalized triglyceride oil/poly(ethylene terephthalate) compositions

Naturally functionalized triglyceride oils are renewable resources which contain reactive chemical groups, hydroxyl in the case of castor oil, and epoxide in the case of vernonia oil. In this article, the reaction of these groups, and the ester linkages between the glycerol and acid residue portions of the oil molecule with poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is investigated through a variety of means. Multiple reactions are possible in the triglyceride–PET system, some of which form a copolymer that increases miscibility, and if allowed to continue, forms a completely random copolymer mixture. Among the numerous reactions possible, PET–ester exchange with the hydroxyl or epoxide functionality of the triglyceride oils is found to be the most significant, and the effects of these and other reactions are observed and structural implications discussed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

The Synthesis of Poly(ethylene oxide)-Block-Polybutylacrylate

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