Destabilizing effect of time-dependent oblique magnetic field on magnetic fluids streaming in porous media

The present work studies Kelvin-Helmholtz waves propagating between two magnetic fluids. The system is composed of two semi-infinite magnetic fluids streaming throughout porous media. The system is influenced by an oblique magnetic field. The solution of the linearized equations of motion under the boundary conditions leads to deriving the Mathieu equation governing the interfacial displacement and having complex coefficients. The stability criteria are discussed theoretically and numerically, from which stability diagrams are obtained. Regions of stability and instability are identified for the magnetic fields versus the wavenumber. It is found that the increase of the fluid density ratio, the fluid velocity ratio, the upper viscosity, and the lower porous permeability play a stabilizing role in the stability behavior in the presence of an oscillating vertical magnetic field or in the presence of an oscillating tangential magnetic field. The increase of the fluid viscosity plays a stabilizing role and can be used to retard the destabilizing influence for the vertical magnetic field. Dual roles are observed for the fluid velocity in the stability criteria. It is found that the field frequency plays against the constant part for the magnetic field.     

Quadrupole mass filter operation under the influence of magnetic field

This work demonstrates resolution enhancement of a quadrupole mass filter (QMF) under the influence of a static magnetic field. Generally, QMF resolution can be improved by increasing the number of rf cycles an ion experiences when passing through the mass filter. In order to improve the resolution, the dimensions of the QMF or the operating parameters need to be changed. However, geometric modifications to improve performance increase the manufacturing cost and usually the size of the instrument. By applying a magnetic field, a low‐cost, small footprint instrument with reduced power requirements can be realized. Significant improvement in QMF resolution was observed experimentally for certain magnetic field conditions, and these have been explained in terms of our theoretical model developed at the University of Liverpool. This model is capable of accurate simulation of spectra allowing the user to specify different values of mass spectrometer dimensions and applied input signals. The model predicts enhanced instrument resolution R>26 000 for a CO₂ and N₂ mixture with a 200‐mm long mass filter operating in stability zone 3 via application of an axial magnetic field. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Reactivity dynamics of a confined molecule in presence of an external magnetic field

Reactivity dynamics and stability of a confined hydrogen molecule in presence of an external magnetic field has been studied using quantum fluid density functional theory. Dynamic profiles of various reactivity parameters such as hardness, electrophilicity, magnetizability, phase volume, entropy, etc. have been studied within a confined environment. Responses in the reactivity parameters as well as the associated electronic structure principles validate the stability of the confined H₂ molecule in ground and excited states in presence of an external magnetic field. Confinement to the system has been imposed by the Dirichlet type boundary condition. Confinement and excitation act in opposite directions. Ground state type dynamics is obtained on simultaneous electronic excitation and confinement. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.     

有机磁合成化学研究进展

通过磁场对聚合反应、酯化反应、光还原反应和不对称合成等的影响，论述了有机磁化学的理论研究和应用进展。磁场在一定程度上影响有机反应的反应速率、产率、反应途径和产物构成。同时初步探讨了磁场影响化学反应速率的机理，并展望了磁化学的发展前景。     

The Preparation of Light Magnetic Materials and it's Application on Magnetorheological Fluids

It is reported that preparation of magnetic material(nickel and cobalt) on the surface of light material. The density of the new material is low (Effective density of it is 2~3 g/cm3). The sedimental stability of the new magnetorheological fluid made by light magnetic material is similar to that of the MR fluid made by carbonyl nickel powders containing lots of anti-sedimental agent. The apparent viscosity of new MR fluids under magnetic field is dozens of times as high as the inital viscosity. Therefore the problem of settling of solid particles under gravity can be effectively prevented by manufacturing magnetorheological fluids using the new material.     

环糊精改性Fe_3O_4磁性液体的制备与感应加热特性

采用两步法制备β-环糊精改性纳米四氧化三铁磁性液体,探讨了pH值、改性剂用量、改性温度对改性效果的影响.改性水基磁性液体性能稳定,饱和磁化强度可达1.78emμ/g.在高频交变磁场下,磁性液体升温超过41℃,可用于肿瘤的磁热疗研究.     

磁场作用下葡萄糖近红外光谱检测技术研究

采用傅立叶变换红外光谱仪(FTIR)研究了磁场强度对葡萄糖溶液近红外光谱的影响,发现磁场作用下葡萄糖的近红外光谱吸收强度和部分峰位发生显著变化。分析了磁场对葡萄糖溶液近红外光谱吸收的影响机理。采用偏最小二乘回归法(PLS)建立了磁场作用下葡萄糖溶液的定量分析模型,使用验证集进行验证。研究结果表明,磁场对葡萄糖分子基团偶极矩产生诱导作用,使偶极矩增大,吸收增强;同时磁场作用下,葡萄糖分子趋于沿平行于磁场的方向排列,其基团振动频率(特征吸收峰)吸光度与浓度变化的线性关系得到极大的改善。该研究有助于提高葡萄糖分子吸收强度及其测量精度,为进一步提高血糖检测精度提供技术支持。     

Poly(p‐phenylenediamine)‐coated magnetic particles: Preparation and electrochemical properties

Magnetic particles are of great interest in various biomedical applications, such as, sample preparation, in vitro biomedical diagnosis, and therapy. For biosensing applications, the used functional magnetic particles should answer numerous criteria such as; submicron size in order to avoid rapid sedimentation, high magnetic content for fast separations under applied magnetic field, and finally, good colloidal stability. Therefore, the aim of this work was to prepare submicron magnetic core and conducting polymer shell particles. The polymer shell was induced using p‐phenylenediamine as key monomer. The obtained core–shell particles were characterized in terms of particle size, size distribution, magnetization properties, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis, surface morphology, chemical composition, cyclic voltammetry, and impedance spectroscopy. The best experimental condition was found using 40 mg of povidone (PVP—stabilizing agent) and 0.16 mmol of p‐phenylenediamine. Using such initial composition, the core‐shell magnetic nanoparticles shown a narrowed size distribution around 290 nm and high magnetic content (above 50%). The obtained amino containing submicron highly magnetic particles were found to be a conducting material and superparamagnetic in nature. These promising conducting magnetic particles can be used for both transport and lab‐on‐a‐chip detection.     

Thermal Stability of Haemoglobin Solutions Under DC and AC Magnetic Field and UV and IR Radiation

The influence of electromagnetic field in wide range of frequency (extra low frequency magnetic field, monochromatic laser light 840 nm, ultraviolet light) and static magnetic field on the stability of aqueous and NaCl 0.9% haemoglobin solutions was studied using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. Three steps of denaturation process can be derived from experimental data. The shifts of transition temperatures are more marked for NaCl 0.9% than for aqueous solutions. The results suggest that static magnetic field is effective in protecting protein, while ultraviolet radiation destabilises haemoglobin. The laser light and alternating magnetic field have a little effect on the thermal stability of haemoglobin. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

磁场对微生物生长及苯酚降解影响的研究

以Fe3O4磁粉和稳恒弱磁场作为磁场来源,研究了不同磁场条件对微生物/细菌生长及苯酚降解的影响。结果表明,1~4g/L磁粉加量对微生物生长有促进作用,使之提前进入对数增长期;投加量为4g/L时效果最好,加量超过6g/L会抑制微生物生长;磁粉添加使微生物生长静止期稳定性有所下降。适量磁粉和弱磁场作用可促进苯酚与微生物共代谢,能明显提高苯酚的去除率。4g/L磁粉、100mT恒弱磁场作用下,22h对苯酚的去除率分别可达96%、90%,无磁场对照组仅为85%。     

Magnetically Active Carbon Nanotubes at Work

Endohedral and exohedral assembly of magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) recently gave birth to a large body of new hybrid nanomaterials (MNPs–CNTs) featuring properties that are otherwise not in reach with only the graphitic or metallic cores themselves. These materials feature enhanced magnetically guided motions (rotation and translation), magnetic saturation and coercivity, large surface area, and thermal stability. By guiding the reader through the most significant examples in this Concept paper, we describe how researchers in the field engineered and exploited the synergistic combination of these two types of nanoparticles in a large variety of current and potential applications, such as magnetic fluid hyperthermia therapeutics and in magnetic resonance imaging to name a few.     

Influences of different types of magnetic fields on HCFC-141b gas hydrate formation processes

Gas hydrates are crystalline compounds formedwhen gas molecules or volatile liquid molecules comein contact with water molecules through weak van derWaals force at favourable pressure and temperature.Refrigerant gas hydrates can be effectively formed atappropriate temperature (5—12℃) with a high reac-tion heat (320—380 kJ/kg). Because of their particularthermodynamic properties, refrigerant gas hydrate,especially low pressure refrigerant gas hydrate, hasbeen considered as one of the most pr…     

The induced magnetic field in cyclic molecules

The response of a molecule to an applied external magnetic field can be evaluated by a graphical representation of the induced magnetic field. We have applied this technique to four representative, cyclic organic molecules, that is, to aromatic (C(6)H(6), D(6h)), anti-aromatic (C(4)H(4), D(2h)) and non-aromatic (C(4)H(8), D(4h), and C(6)H(12), D(3d)) molecules. The results show that molecules that contain a pi system possess a long-range magnetic response, while the induced magnetic field is short-range for molecules without pi systems. The induced magnetic field of aromatic molecules shields the external field. In contrast, the anti-aromatic molecules increase the applied field inside the ring. Aromatic, anti-aromatic, and non-aromatic molecules can be characterized by the appearance of the magnetic response. We also show that the magnetic response is directly connected to nucleus-independent chemical shifts (NICS).     

不同条件对硫酸钙结晶影响的实验研究

近年来由于微波化学的快速发展使人们认识到微波作为一种手段对化学反应的过程有着深刻的影响,在材料领域更是得到了日益广泛的应用,因此把微波应用于结晶过程也成为人们关注的热点。早在1966年磁场就被应用于晶体的生长。近年来,已有很多文献报道电场、磁场对晶体生长的影响。     

原位磁场下粉末样品的X射线衍射图谱

To obtain more crystal and magnetic structural information of powder crystals,magnetic field is introduced into X'Pert-MPD XRD apparatus with the strength of 0. 42 T and two different directions:one direction of magnetic field is vertical to the sample holder and another is parallel. XRD patterns in situ magnetic field are obtained for six samples which are representative of paramagnetic,diamagnetic,ferromagnetic,ferrimagnetic,antiferromagnetic substances and reduction product of FeCl2 by NaBH4 respectively. Compared with XRD patterns obtained in the zero magnetic field,there are some diffraction peaks disappear,some occur,or some diffraction angles and counts change. In addition,the patterns are different under the different direction of magnetic field. The cause is that magnetic dipoles in crystals are oriented along with the direction of magnetic field. The oriented magnetic dipoles produce stress in crystals and make crystal lattice changed（such as magnetostriction）or even turn particles aligned along with the direction of magnetic field to form preferred orientation of particles.     

两款原子吸收光谱仪的塞曼背景校正装置

讨论了永久磁场塞曼背景校正原子吸收光谱仪的外光路和磁场的设计工艺,描述了可以同时获得交流磁场和直流磁场塞曼背景校正测定结果的新系统,以及可以克服洛伦兹力对测定产生影响的磁场和石墨炉的供电系统.     

Generation of EMF in the rotating electrochemical cell

Based on the literature data and calculated results, the emf, which is generated in the rotating electrochemical cell with the electrodes located at different distances from the rotation axis, is estimated in the cases that the system is or is not placed in the magnetic field. These data enable one to determine the conditions (the angular cell rotational rate, the magnetic induction, etc.), under which the required emf can be obtained without an external power source. The application of magnetic field enables one increase the emf from several mV to several volts.     

Magnetic Field Effects on Photoreduction Reaction of 2-Methyl-1,4-Naphthoquinone in Brij 35 Micellar Solution with Additional Radical

Introduction In the past three decades, many groups have been concerning and studying magnetic field effects (MFEs) on photoreduction reaction of carbonyl compounds such as benzophenone, benzoquinone and anthraquinone de-rivatives in micellar solutions. The radical pair lifetime and the escaped radical yield increased with the increase of magnetic field strength. The observed MFEs for these systems could be successfully explained by the relaxa-tion mechanism (RM), where the spin relaxation …     

Dusty Plasma in Inhomogeneous Magnetic Fields in a Stratified Glow Discharge

We study the dynamics of dust particles in a stratified glow discharge in inhomogeneous magnetic fields. Dust structures are formed in standing striations, in which traps for dust particles arise. When a magnetic field is applied, these structures begin to rotate. The observations were carried out in striations near the end of the solenoid, where the region of an inhomogeneous magnetic field begins. With an increase in the magnetic field, the dusty structure can be deformed. The rotation of a dusty structure in an inhomogeneous magnetic field has been studied in detail; it has its own peculiarities in comparison with rotation in a uniform field. We have considered the mechanisms of such rotation and estimated its velocity.     

脂肪酸甲胺铂配合物的结构表征及磁场对其抗癌活 性的影响

用元素分析、傅立叶变换红外光谱和核磁共振对6种脂肪酸胺(氨)铂配合物的结构和理化特性进行了研究。选用人黑色素瘤(LiBr)、白血病细胞K~5~6~2和肝癌(7721)作为体外模型。用扫描电子显微镜技术研究了磁场对肿瘤细胞膜表面微观结构的影响。用MTT法对合成的几种脂肪酸胺(氨)铂配合物的抗癌活性进行了研究。研究发现,抗癌活性与浓度梯度、胺(氨)配体、脂肪酸碳链的长度密切相关。磁场对药物与癌细胞相互作用的影响与磁场强度有关。