微波对烯丙基芳醚的Claisen重排反应影响研究

5种烯丙基芳醚衍生物在无溶剂、无催化剂的条件下进行Claisen重排反应,采用了微波加热和常规加热方式,比较了同等温度下微波加热和常规加热反应速率的差异.结果表明微波加热可以显著提高烯丙基苯醚Claisen重排反应的速率.反应温度为190℃时,微波加热下反应速率可提高5～10倍.微波加热是一种无催化剂、高产率的Claisen重排反应的方法.     

硫叶立德[2,3]-σ重排反应迁移基团活性研究

设计并完成了过渡金属铑、铜化合物等的催化下,苯基重氮乙酸乙酯与不同硫醚的硫叶立德[2,3]-σ重排反应.通过1H NMR方法测定混合产物的比例,比较烯丙基、炔丙基与联烯基等不同取代硫醚的反应活性,得到这些迁移基团在硫叶立德[2,3]-σ重排反应中的竞争顺序,以及不同类型催化体系对反应的影响.实验结果为进一步理解和应用该反应提供数据支持.     

锡促进的烯丙基硒醚和烯丙基硫醚的合成

在金属锡促进下，烯丙基溴与二硒醚或二硫醚反应，生成烯丙基硒醚或烯丙基硫醚 。     

二苯基甲基烯丙基型膦烷与醛的Wittig反应的立体化学研究

利用3-甲氧基羰基-2-稀丙基二苯基甲基膦叶立德与醛(脂肪醛、芳香醛、杂环醛)的Wittig反应合成了5-取代-2,4-戊二烯酸甲酯(ABA酯类似物),研究了碱对Wittig反应立体化学的影响,发现了该类型季鏻盐的Wittig反应具有很好的4E选择性,并提出了可能的反应机理.     

羟胺衍生物的[3,3]σ迁移反应及其应用

[3,3]σ迁移反应作为有机化学中的经典反应,自发现以来,反应类型不断扩大,且一直广泛应用于有机与药物合成等领域.因为羟胺衍生物的N-O键强度较弱,较易断裂,[3,3]σ迁移反应在较为温和的条件下即可进行,得到含有羟基和氨基的复杂分子,近年来,该类反应引起越来越多的关注.综述了羟胺衍生物的[3,3]σ迁移反应,包括N-...     

对位取代苯基烯丙基醚的烷基化反应

烯丙基醚是一个重要的β-羰基化合物的合成等价物,已有许多应用,它的应用和反应的区域选择性有密切关系.最近,Werstiuk 曾对烯丙基化合物的反应及其在合成上的应用作了综述,并讨论了立体因素对烯丙基化合物反应区域选择性的影响.Evans 等研究了烯丙基烷基醚阴离子和亲电试剂反应中位阻和区域选择性的关系.当亲电试剂是卤代烷时,烯丙基醚中烷基体积增大,γ位烷基化的比例也增大;而亲电试剂为羰     

多烯化合物的Cope重排反应:[5,5]σ迁移、串联[3,3]σ迁移与自由基重排机理

介绍戊二烯基苯基醚和1,3,7,9-癸四烯衍生物重排反应的机理。戊二烯基苯基醚的重排反应是经过[5,5]和串联的[3,3]σ迁移反应双途径进行的;而1,3,7,9-癸四烯衍生物重排反应既可以经过[5,5]和串联的[3,3]σ迁移反应双途径进行,也可以经过自由基机理进行。     

合成烯丙基芳基硒醚的一种简便方法——烯丙基锌与二芳基二硒醚反应

烯丙基溴与锌粉在0～10 ℃下THF中反应生成烯丙基锌，后者与二芳基二硒醚 在THF中、室温下反应生成烯丙基芳基硒醚，产率63%～75%。     

利用Wittig反应合成苯乙烯醚

醛(1)与ROCH=PPh3在混合碱(DBU/K2CO3)的存在下发生Wittig反应,合成了4个苯乙烯醚(3a~3d);3经水解合成了比1延长一个碳的醛,其结构经1HNMR,IR,MS和元素分析表征。     

含手性碳原子的[3,3]σ迁移反应的立体化学过程

本文对含有手性碳原子的［３，３］σ迁移反应的立体化学过程进行了讨论，重点讨论了含有手性碳原子的Ｃｏｐｅ重排和Ｃｌａｉｓｅｎ重排的产物及其生成的立体化学过程。     

Cascades of Interrupted Pummerer Reaction‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement

A new class of Pummerer chemistry has emerged as a powerful tool in organic synthesis. The new technology consists of a beautiful cascade of an interrupted Pummerer reaction and the subsequent [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement. The interrupted Pummerer reactions of alkenyl or aryl sulfoxides with unsaturated nucleophiles such as allylic silanes, ketones, and phenols provide sulfonium intermediates, which are ready to undergo smooth charge‐accelerated [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement with excellent to exclusive regioselectivity. Some of the transformations proceed with transient loss of aromaticity. The reactions afforded five‐membered heterocycles, benzofurans, and biaryls of importance, depending on the sulfoxides and nucleophiles used. The reactions are unique and game‐changing because they are efficient, robust, redox‐neutral, regioselective, and metal‐free, which perfectly fits the need of modern organic synthesis. This chemistry also underscores the synthetic potential of organosulfur chemistry.     

Detection of Claisen Rearrangement Occurring in Allyl Phenyl Ether by in situ GC/MS

Itiswellknownthattheallylc0mP0undsexhibitavariety0finterestingrearrangementreacti0ns.Intheliquidphase,temPerature-inducedClaisenrearrangement,cyclizationreactionsandacid-induced0rthoClaisenrearrangementsofallylphenyletherhavebeenstUdiedextensively.'-'However,theClaisenrearrangementinthegasphasewasrepoftedonlyrecelltly,includingtheprotonatedallylphenyletherandN-allylanilineunderpositivecheITilcalionizationcondition4",thedeprotonatedallylphenylacetateanddeprotonatedallylphenyletherundernegati…     

Construction of Biaryls from Aryl Sulfoxides and Anilines by Means of a Sigmatropic Rearrangement

An unprecedented S−N variant of the benzidine rearrangement for construction of biaryls has been developed. Aryl sulfoxides underwent dehydrogenative coupling with anilines by successive treatment with trifluoromethanesulfonic anhydride and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid to provide the corresponding 2-amino-2′-sulfanyl- and/or 4-amino-4′-sulfanylbiphenyls. Mechanistic studies indicate that the C−C-bond-forming sigmatropic rearrangement proceeds intramolecularly from dicationic S−N-tethered species.     

Mechanistic Investigation of a Synthetic Route to Biaryls by the Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Arylsulfonium Species

A comprehensive mechanistic investigation was conducted on the coupling reaction of aryl sulfoxides with phenols by using trifluoroacetic anhydride to yield biaryls. NMR experiments revealed that our previously proposed mechanism, which consists of a cascade of an interrupted Pummerer reaction and a rate-determining [3,3] sigmatropic rearrangement, is reasonable. The electronic effects of the substrates were also evaluated to elucidate the nature of the rearrangement step. Based on experimental observations and theoretical calculations, we conclude that the rearrangement is highly asynchronous and stepwise rather than concerted when electron-rich phenols are employed for the reaction.     

Hydroxamic Acids as Chemoselective (ortho‐Amino)arylation Reagents via Sigmatropic Rearrangement

The use of readily available hydroxamic acids as reagents for the chemoselective (ortho‐amino)arylation of amides is described. This reaction proceeds under metal‐free, mild conditions, displays a very broad scope, and constitutes a direct approach for the metal‐free attachment of aniline residues to carbonyl derivatives.     

烯丙基缩水甘油醚的合成

烯丙醇和环氧氯丙烷在三氟化硼乙醚络合物的催化作用下进行加成和环化反应制得标题化合物。研究了催化剂用量、反应原料配比及碱用量对产物收率的影响。     

Synthesis of (−)‐Morphine: Application of Sequential Claisen/Claisen Rearrangement of an Allylic Vicinal Diol

A detailed exploration of the synthesis of (?)‐morphine based on sequential [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangements is described. The sequential Claisen/Claisen rearrangements of an allylic vicinal diol resulted in the stereoselective formation of the two contiguous carbon centers, including a sterically encumbered quaternary carbon, in a single operation. The two ethyl esters generated in this reaction were successfully differentiated during a subsequent Friedel–Crafts‐type cyclization. The (?)‐morphine double bond was introduced at a late stage in our first‐generation synthesis, but was formed at an earlier stage in the second‐generation synthesis, resulting in a more efficient route to the end product.     

Selective ortho C−H Cyanoalkylation of (Diacetoxyiodo)arenes through [3,3]‐Sigmatropic Rearrangement

We herein report a robust catalyst‐free cross‐coupling between ArI(OAc)₂ and α‐stannyl nitriles, aided by TMSOTf. The transformation introduces a cyanoalkyl group to the ortho position of ArI(OAc)₂ and simultaneously reduces the aryl iodine(III) to iodide, thus providing α‐(2‐iodoaryl) nitrile as the product. This transformation could be completed within 5 min at ?78 °C and features superb functional‐group tolerance and efficient scalability. DFT calculations indicate that the formation of a ketenimine(aryl)iodonium intermediate and subsequent [3,3]‐sigmatropic rearrangement are involved as key steps.