LASER-ENHANCED ELECTROCHEMICAL DOPING OF POLY (N-VINYLCARBAZOLE)

ＬＡＳＥＲ－ＥＮＨＡＮＣＥＤ　ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬ　ＤＯＰＩＮＧ　ＯＦ　ＰＯＬＹ　（Ｎ－ＶＩＮＹＬＣＡＲＢＡＺＯＬＥ）ＬＡＳＥＲ－ＥＮＨＡＮＣＥＤＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬＤＯＰＩＮＧＯＦＰＯＬＹ（Ｎ－ＶＩＮＹＬＣＡＲＢＡＺＯＬＥ）Ｙａ...     

IN－SITU FTIR AND UV－VISIBLE－NEAR－IR SPECTROELECTROOHEMICAL STUDIES OF MIXED－VALENCE ISOPOLYANION Mo＿6O＿（19）￣（3－） IN APROTIC MEDIA

ＩＮ－ＳＩＴＵ　ＦＴＩＲ　ＡＮＤ　ＵＶ－ＶＩＳＩＢＬＥ－ＮＥＡＲ－ＩＲ　ＳＰＥＣＴＲＯＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＯＨＥＭＩＣＡＬ　ＳＴＵＤＩＥＳ　ＯＦ　ＭＩＸＥＤ－ＶＡＬＥＮＣＥ　ＩＳＯＰＯＬＹＡＮＩＯＮ　Ｍｏ＿６Ｏ＿（１９）￣（３－）　ＩＮ　ＡＰＲＯＴＩＣ　Ｍ...     

MORE FACILE SYNTHESES TO THE SEX PHEROMONE COMPONENTS OF THE WINTER MOTH（OPEROPHTERABRUMATAL．（LEPIDOPTERA：GEOMETRIDAE）：（3Z，6Z，9Z）－3，6，9－NONADECATRIENE，（6Z，9Z）－6，9－NONADECADIENE

ＭＯＲＥＦＡＣＩＬＥＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＥＳＴＯＴＨＥＳＥＸＰＨＥＲＯＭＯＮＥＣＯＭＰＯＮＥＮＴＳＯＦＴＨＥＷＩＮＴＥＲＭＯＴＨ（ＯＰＥＲＯＰＨＴＥＲＡＢＲＵＭＡＴＡＬ．（ＬＥＰＩＤＯＰＴＥＲＡ：ＧＥＯＭＥＴＲＩＤＡＥ）：（３Ｚ，６Ｚ，９Ｚ）－３，６，９－...     

DIRECT ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF SAMARIUM （Ⅲ） COMPLEX WITH 2－HYDROXY－2， 4， 6－CYCLOHEPTATRIENONE （TROPOLONE）

ＤＩＲＥＣＴ ＥＬＥＣＴＲＯＣＨＥＭＩＣＡＬ ＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳ ＡＮＤ ＣＨＡＲＡＣＴＥＲＩＺＡＴＩＯＮ ＯＦ ＳＡＭＡＲＩＵＭ （Ⅲ） ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸ ＷＩＴＨ ２－ＨＹＤＲＯＸＹ－２，４，６－ＣＹＣＬＯＨＥＰＴＡＴＲＩＥＮＯＮＥ （ＴＲＯＰＯＬ...     

REACTIVE POLY（ARYLENEETHERSULPHONE） ：MALEIMIDE－TERMINATED POLY（ARYLENEETHERSULPHONE） OLIGOMERS USING N－（4－HYDROXYPHENYL） MALEIMIDE AS AN ENDBLOCKING MONOMER

ＲＥＡＣＴＩＶＥ　ＰＯＬＹ（ＡＲＹＬＥＮＥＥＴＨＥＲＳＵＬＰＨＯＮＥ）　：ＭＡＬＥＩＭＩＤＥ－ＴＥＲＭＩＮＡＴＥＤ　ＰＯＬＹ（ＡＲＹＬＥＮＥＥＴＨＥＲＳＵＬＰＨＯＮＥ）　ＯＬＩＧＯＭＥＲＳ　ＵＳＩＮＧ　Ｎ－（４－ＨＹＤＲＯＸＹＰＨＥＮＹＬ）　ＭＡＬＥ...     

PREFERENTIAL SEPARATION OF ALCOHOL FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION THROUGH HYDROPHILIC MEMBRANES－POLY（ETHYLENEOXIDE）（PEO）／CHITOSAN（CS） BLEND MEMBRANE

ＰＲＥＦＥＲＥＮＴＩＡＬ ＳＥＰＡＲＡＴＩＯＮ ＯＦ ＡＬＣＯＨＯＬ ＦＲＯＭ ＡＱＵＥＯＵＳ ＳＯＬＵＴＩＯＮ ＴＨＲＯＵＧＨ ＨＹＤＲＯＰＨＩＬＩＣ ＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＥＳ－ＰＯＬＹ（ＥＴＨＹＬＥＮＥＯＸＩＤＥ）（ＰＥＯ）／ＣＨＩＴＯＳＡＮ（ＣＳ） ...     

SYNTHESIS OF 3-PER(POLY)FLUOROALKYLPYRAZOLES

ＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＯＦ３－ＰＥＲ（ＰＯＬＹ）ＦＬＵＯＲＯＡＬＫＹＬＰＹＲＡＺＯＬＥＳＳＹＮＴＨＥＳＩＳＯＦ３－ＰＥＲ（ＰＯＬＹ）ＦＬＵＯＲＯＡＬＫＹＬＰＹＲＡＺＯＬＥＳ￥ＸｉａｏＱｉｎｇＴＡＮＧａｎｄＣｈａｎｇＭｉｎｇＨＵ（ＳｈａｎｇｈａｉＩｎｓｔｉ...     

THE CHIRAL SELECTIVITY IN ACROSS－MEMBRANE TRANSPORT OF 1，2－DIAMINOCYCLOHEXANE PLATINUM（II）COMPLEXES AND THE CONTRIBUTION OF LEAVING GROUPS

ＴＨＥＣＨＩＲＡＬＳＥＬＥＣＴＩＶＩＴＹＩＮＡＣＲＯＳＳ－ＭＥＭＢＲＡＮＥＴＲＡＮＳＰＯＲＴＯＦ１，２－ＤＩＡＭＩＮＯＣＹＣＬＯＨＥＸＡＮＥＰＬＡＴＩＮＵＭ（ＩＩ）ＣＯＭＰＬＥＸＥＳＡＮＤＴＨＥＣＯＮＴＲＩＢＵＴＩＯＮＯＦＬＥＡＶＩＮＧＧＲＯＵＰＳ￥...     

β－CORRECTION SPECTROPHOTOMETRIC DETERMINATION OF ALUMINIUM， USING THE AL（Ⅲ）－PF－OP REACTION

β－ＣＯＲＲＥＣＴＩＯＮＳＰＥＣＴＲＯＰＨＯＴＯＭＥＴＲＩＣＤＥＴＥＲＭＩＮＡＴＩＯＮＯＦＡＬＵＭＩＮＩＵＭ．ＵＳＩＮＧＴＨＥＡＬ（Ⅲ）－ＰＦ－ＯＰＲＥＡＣＴＩＯＮ￥ＨｏｎｇＷｅｎＧＡＯ；ＦｅｎｇＺＯＵａｎｄＰｅｎｇＦｅｉＺＨＡＮＧ（ＨｕａｉｂｅｉＥ...     

TWO NEW C_(19)-DITERPENE ALKALOIDS FROM DELPHINIUM SWINANENSE VAR LEPTOPOGON

ＴＷＯ　ＮＥＷ　Ｃ＿（１９）－ＤＩＴＥＲＰＥＮＥ　ＡＬＫＡＬＯＩＤＳ　ＦＲＯＭ　ＤＥＬＰＨＩＮＩＵＭ　ＳＷＩＮＡＮＥＮＳＥ　ＶＡＲ　ＬＥＰＴＯＰＯＧＯＮＴＷＯＮＥＷＣ＿（１９）－ＤＩＴＥＲＰＥＮＥＡＬＫＡＬＯＩＤＳＦＲＯＭＤＥＬＰＨＩＮＩＵＭＳＷＩＮ...     

疏水缔合型增稠剂聚(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸高级酯)的合成及增稠性能研究

采用沉淀聚合法合成了聚（丙烯酰胺－丙烯酸十四酯），聚（丙烯酰胺－丙烯酸十六酯）和聚（丙烯酰胺－丙烯酸十八酯），重点讨论了共聚物中疏水基团数量及疏水基团链长对增稠性能的影响。采用凯达尔定氮法和动态热分析（DMTA）测定了共聚物的组成及玻璃化温度。     

(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸十六酯)共聚物的合成及其增稠性能研究

采用沉淀聚合法合成丙烯酰胺 -丙烯酸十六酯共聚物。重点讨论了合成条件如单体配比、引发剂用量、温度等对共聚反应的影响以及共聚物对苯丙乳胶的增稠性能的影响。并用DMTA和凯达尔定氮法表征了共聚物组成 ,结果表明 :所合成的共聚物可以作为疏水缔合型增稠剂使用     

Synthesis and rheological behavior of poly[acrylamide–acrylic acid–<Emphasis Type="Italic">N</Emphasis>-(4-butyl)phenylacrylamide] hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes

Hydrophobically modified polyelectrolytes were prepared by an aqueous micellar copolymerization technique from acrylamide, N-(4-butyl)phenylacrylamide, and a third monomer, sodium acrylate. The amounts of surfactant and anionic monomers used in the synthesis have great effects on the molecular structures and the association behaviors of the resultant polymers. Rheological properties have been studied as a function of polymer concentration, ionic strength, temperature, shear rate, viscoelasticity, and so on. As expected, the copolymers exhibit improved thickening properties owing to the strong synergistic viscosification effects of the ions and the hydrophobic groups of the polymer molecules. Atomic force microscope studies were used to explore the aggregation morphology and association mechanism of such polymers.     

Ionic Polyacrylamide Flocculants as Promoters of Sedimentation of Ocher Suspension and Thickening of Its Precipitates in Aqueous and Aqueous-Salt Solutions

The kinetic features of flocculation of an ocher suspension and thickening of its precipitate in aqueous and aqueous-salt solutions containing ionic and nonionic acrylamide copolymers with different composition and molecular properties were studied.     

聚(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸十八酯)的合成及其增稠性能

共聚合;聚(丙烯酰胺-丙烯酸十八酯)的合成及其增稠性能     

Shear rheology of anionic and zwitterionic modified polyacrylamides

Two groups of copolymers were synthesized from high molecular weight polyacrylamides. One group of copolymers consisted of sulfonated, anionic copolymers (PAM-S) of acrylamide with the sodium salt of 2-acryloamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid, and the other consisted of zwitterionic copolymers (PAM-Z) of acrylamide with a sulfobetaine methacrylate monomer. The shear rheology of aqueous solutions of the copolymers and their mixtures was studied experimentally. Solutions of both copolymers exhibit shear thinning behavior in the range of concentrations explored. Solutions of mixtures of two copolymers (PAM-Z and PAM-S) exhibited a slight viscosity synergy at high relative contents of PAM-S. Addition of a relatively high concentration of an electrolyte (0.3 M NaCl) induces decreases in viscosity due to coil contraction and eliminates the synergy of the mixtures. Mixtures of the zwitterionic copolymer and a cationic surfactant, cetyl trimethylammonium p-toluene sulfonate (CTAT), were also studied. These solutions exhibit a strong synergistic effect at low-shear rates when the surfactant forms wormlike micelles. In addition, oscillatory shear measurements demonstrate that PAM-Z/CTAT mixtures are significantly more elastic than CTAT solutions, which indicates that PAM-Z is effective in promoting micelle entanglements, as reflected by the increase in relaxation time with PAM-Z content.     

Kinetics of flocculation and thickening of precipitates of bentonitic clay suspension in the presence of acrylamide copolymers in aqueous salt solutions

The kinetics of hindered sedimentation and thickening of the sediments of a real disperse system (bentonitic clay suspension) was studied. The flocculation parameters of acrylamide copolymers in aqueous and aqueous salt solutions were evaluated in relation to the chemical nature and concentration of flocculants and electrolytes.     

Fluorocarbon polymerizable surfactants: viscometric behavior, micellar polymerization and interactions with associating polymers

 The micellar aggregation of two fluorocarbon surfactants bearing a polymerizable acrylamido group and differing only in the degree of amido substitution (CONH or CONC₂H₅) has been investigated by viscometry. The two surfactants exhibit distinct solution properties with a micellar growth occurring at a much lower concentration for the N-monosubstituted sample which shows in addition a shear thickening and rheopectic behavior. The ability of the latter surfactant to form hydrogen bonding is responsible for this difference in behavior. Micellar copolymerization of acrylamide with these surfactants or with a hydrocarbon analogue gives copolymers with a polysoap-like behavior. The copolymers in aqueous solution show a pronounced intramolecular hydrophobic aggregation expressed by relatively low-viscosity values when compared with those of other hydrophobically modified water-soluble polymers reported in the literature. Surfactant–polymer mixed systems do not show a strong incompatibility between fluorocarbon and hydrocarbon moieties. Received: 24 March 1998 Accepted: 30 June 1998     

Sedimentation Kinetics of Bentonitic Clay Suspension as Influenced by pH of the Medium,Chemical Nature and Concentration of Surfactants,and Molecular Properties of Cationic Acrylamide Copolymer Flocculants

The kinetics of flocculation of bentonitic clay suspensions and thickening of the sediments was studied in the modes of free and hindered sedimentation as influenced by pH of the medium, chemical nature and concentration of surfactants, and molecular properties of cationic flocculants, random copolymers of acrylamide with dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate hydrochloride.     

Novel approach to synthesizing hydrophobically associating copolymer using template copolymerization: the synthesis and behaviors of acrylamide and 4-(omega-propenoyloxyethoxy) benzoic acid copolymer

Hydrophobically associating copolymers of acrylamide (AM) with a small amount of 4-(omega-propenoyloxyethoxy) benzoic acid (PEBA, <2.5%) were synthesized by template copolymerization in the presence of poly(allylammonium chloride) (PAAC) as a template in an aqueous medium. These template copolymers exhibited remarkable thickening properties due to the effective hydrophobic association, which were similar to those copolymers with a multiblock structure obtained by the micellar process. The pH of the reaction medium and the molecular weight of the template strongly influenced the thickening properties of the products. In the experimental range, the higher the PEBA content, the larger the thickening capacity of these hydrophobic copolymers. The aggregate behaviors of these copolymers were studied by fluorescence, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and light scattering techniques. The apparent critical interpolymer aggregate concentration (cac) of the copolymer solution was about 0.5 g/dL. As the concentration of the copolymer became higher than the cac, the aggregates changed their morphology from small hollow spheres to big flower-shaped aggregates. All the above results indicated that the template copolymerization gave access to a very simple and powerful means for the preparation of hydrophobically associating copolymers and other functional polymer materials.