睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌生物催化合成对苯二甲酸

 以对甲基苯甲酸为唯一碳源筛选能够生物催化合成对苯二甲酸的菌株,发现只有睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌DSM6577可以氧化对甲基苯甲酸生成对苯二甲酸. 对该菌株的细胞生长及其催化对甲基苯甲酸转化为对苯二甲酸的过程进行了研究. 结果表明,底物在8 h内即可完全转化,产物的生成时间为14～31 h, 其中在21 h时产量最大,为34 mg/L.     

一步法制备银溶胶用于临床嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌的表面增强拉曼光谱快速检测

该文利用一步法快速制备银溶胶,实现了基底的现用现制.对嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌进行表面增强拉曼散射(SERS)检测,得到18组拉曼特征峰的生物指纹谱图.方法能够检测到的最低菌悬液浓度为5 x106菌落形成单位(CFU)/mL,重现性的相对标准偏差为6.8％-16％,满足生物医学领域定性分析的基本要求.采用该方法获得的阳性病人血...     

双抗夹心ELISA法测定水资源、食品及饲料中总甾体激素含量

基于睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌(C.test)具有降解甾体类物质的特性,其细胞中3α-羟基类固醇脱氢酶/碳酰基还原酶(3α-HSD)是诱导酶,建立了以3α-HSD的测定总甾体激素含量的双抗夹心酶联免疫反应(ELISA)方法。实验结果表明,睾丸酮类甾体激素的量在0.5～600μg/g之间,与3α-HSD酶表达量具有明显线性关系。应用这种方法对多种水资源、饲料、肉食品进行了检测。检测结果表明,松花湖水中的睾丸酮类甾体激素含量为34.5μg/g,明显高于其它水系;被测饲料中睾丸酮类甾体激素含量均大于2μg/g;肉类样品的检测结果均低于检测下限。本方法与高效液相色谱法的测定结果相符。     

高效液相色谱用于生物催化法生产对苯二甲酸过程中菌种的筛选

在生物催化法生产对苯二甲酸(PTA)菌种的筛选过程中,建立了高效液相色谱法测定某些假单胞菌的发酵液中对苯二甲酸及中间产物对羧基苯甲醛(4-CBA)、对甲基苯甲酸(p-TOL)的分析方法。优化了色谱条件,在6 min之内完全分离PTA及与其结构类似的4-CBA、p-TOL。本法测定PTA的线性范围为0.2~200μg/mL,线性相关系数为0.9998,相对标准偏差为1.52%。     

高效液相色谱-串联质谱法检测茶叶中痕量草胺膦、草甘膦及其代谢物氨甲基膦酸残留

建立高效液相色谱–串联质谱法测定茶叶中除草剂草胺膦、草甘膦及其代谢物氨甲基膦酸残留的方法。以纯水提取茶叶中的草胺膦、草甘膦、氨甲基膦酸,用二氯甲烷、阴离子交换固相萃取柱净化、富集,以0.25 mol/L碳酸氢钠溶液洗脱,然后直接采用1%芴甲氧羰酰氯进行衍生,衍生时间为5 min,用反相液相色谱柱分离,以电喷雾正离子模式,多反应模式(MRM)检测。草胺膦、草甘膦、氨甲基膦酸的质量浓度在0～20μg/L范围内均具有良好的线性,线性相关系数大于0.995,方法定量限为0.01 mg/kg。在不同茶叶基质中,0.01,0.025,0.05 mg/kg三水平的平均添加回收率为94.0%～116.0%,测定结果的相对标准偏差为3.5%～7.1%(n=6)。该方法操作简便,灵敏度与准确度高,满足茶叶样品中草胺膦、草甘膦及其代谢物氨甲基膦酸低残留的检测要求。     

时间分辨荧光免疫分析高灵敏检测嗜水气单胞菌

建立了生物素-链霉亲和素时间分辨荧光免疫分析（BAS-TRFIA）高灵敏检测嗜水气单胞菌的新方法.以兔抗IgG包被微孔板,加入嗜水气单胞菌菌株B18和生物素化IgG,生成的夹心复合物用Eu³⁺-链霉亲和素作为示踪物,Eu³⁺可与离解增强液形成时间分辨荧光（TRF）,通过TRF值对病原菌定量.方法的检测限为1.0×10² cfu/mL,在1.0×10~1.0×10⁶ cfu/mL范围内线性良好,相关系数0.9716.用该法检测时,不同来源的嗜水气单胞菌以及其它气单胞菌均呈阴性.板内和板间的变异系数分别小于5.00%和9.00%.所有相关检测试剂37℃恒温放置6 d后,检测性能无明显改变.对60份人工感染的美洲鳗鲡组织样品,包括肝、肾、肠、鳃和肌肉等组织进行检测,阳性检测率为98.33%.结果表明,BAS-TRFIA法检测嗜水气单胞菌,灵敏度高、特异性好、操作简便,该方法为水产养殖病原菌检测提供了新的思路.     

柱前衍生-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦及主要代谢物氨甲基膦酸残留

采用柱前衍生-超高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦及其主要代谢物氨甲基膦酸残留。利用正交试验方法,系统研究了提取与净化等前处理条件对茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦和代谢物氨甲基膦酸检测的影响。实验结果表明,最优的前处理方案为茶叶样品经纯水旋涡提取,阳离子交换柱净化,0.5%（v/v）甲酸水溶液洗脱和9-芴甲基氯甲酸酯衍生,C₁₈色谱柱分离,超高效液相色谱-串联质谱定量分析（电喷雾正离子）。结果表明：在1~100 μ g/L范围内,草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基膦酸呈现良好的线性关系,相关系数（R²）均大于0.991,该方法检出限为0.0160~0.0300 mg/kg,定量限为0.0530~0.100 mg/kg。在0.0500、0.400和1.20 mg/kg 3个添加水平下,草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基膦酸的平均回收率为78.3%~108%,相对标准偏差为5.46%~9.63%。利用该方法检测837份茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基磷酸残留,检出率分别为3.46%、0.24%和4.42%,超标率为0.24%。该方法简单、快速、灵敏、准确,能够满足大批量茶叶中草甘膦、草铵膦和氨甲基膦酸残留的检测需要。     

高效液相色谱-紫外法快速测定塑料类食品接触材料及制品中7种对苯二甲酸酯或苯甲酸酯的特定迁移量

建立了高效液相色谱-紫外检测（HPLC-UV）法快速测定从塑料类食品接触材料及制品迁移至10%（v/v）乙醇、3%（m/v,即3 g/100 mL）乙酸、4%（v/v）乙酸、20%（v/v）乙醇、50%（v/v）乙醇、95%（v/v）乙醇和橄榄油7种食品模拟物中对苯二甲酸二甲酯、对苯二甲酸二辛酯、苯甲酸甲酯、苯甲酸乙酯、苯甲酸丙酯、苯甲酸丁酯和新戊二醇二苯甲酸酯的特定迁移量。考察了多种提取溶剂、QuEChERS dSPE EMR-Lipid试剂盒和Captiva EMR-Lipid试剂盒对橄榄油食品模拟物中7种对苯二甲酸酯或苯甲酸酯的提取或净化效果。以甲醇和水为流动相进行梯度洗脱,7种对苯二甲酸酯或苯甲酸酯在苯基柱上于17 min内达到基线分离。检测波长为237 nm,进样量为10 μL。7种对苯二甲酸酯或苯甲酸酯在7种食品模拟物中的定量限为0.2~8.1 mg/kg、1~80 mg/L或8~160 mg/kg,相关系数r≥0.9998。在2或8、60、80或160 mg/kg 3个加标水平的回收率为91.7%~106%,相对标准偏差为0.1%~3.1%。该方法样品前处理简便,色谱分离和线性关系好,回收率和重复性较好,已应用于实际样品的检测。     

生物荧光方法快速测定环境水体中的甾体类激素

建立了环境中甾体类激素的生物荧光测定方法.利用睾丸酮丛毛单胞菌的生物酶基因与甾环结构特异的分子识别特性,结合绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)的荧光标记技术,通过基因同源重组技术建立了特异性生物荧光检测系统,实现对环境中甾环类化合物的灵敏监测.制备绿色荧光突变菌及总蛋白含量为1.0 g/L的非细胞体系工作液,在室温条件下对不同浓度雌二醇标准品进行检测,10 min即可检测出fg级的甾体类激素,最佳检测时间为30 min,方法的线性范围1.0～266 ng/L,灵敏度高于高效液相色谱方法.本方法可应用于环境的实际检验工作.     

毛细管电泳-激光诱导荧光法测定草甘膦、草胺膦及氨甲基膦酸

建立了一种快速、有效的毛细管电泳分离-激光诱导荧光检测有机磷除草剂草甘膦、草胺膦和草甘膦的代谢物氨甲基膦酸的方法。将荧光衍生试剂5-(4, 6-二氯三嗪基)氨基荧光素(DTAF)成功用于衍生上述3种化合物。最佳衍生条件: DTAF的浓度为1.0 μmol/L,以50 mmol/L硼酸(pH 9.5)作为缓冲溶液,在30 ℃下反应40 min。以pH 9.5的30 mmol/L硼酸缓冲溶液(含15 mmol/L Brij-35)作为电泳背景电解质,3种衍生物得到基线分离。在优化的条件下,草甘膦、草胺膦、氨甲基膦酸的检出限分别为3.21、6.14和1.99 ng/kg。将该方法应用于环境水样和土壤中除草剂及代谢物的测定,回收率为91.3%～106.0%。该方法准确、灵敏,可满足环境样品中有机磷农药及其代谢物残留的检测要求。     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.