新型声表面波电流传感器*

将声表面波技术的快速响应特点与磁致伸缩薄膜的高磁敏特点相结合,可实现一种快速、高灵敏、稳定可靠的新型电流检测技术。传感器由双通道差分式振荡器与沉积在传感通道器件表面的声传播路径上的磁致伸缩薄膜组成。该文基于分层介质中声传播理论及磁致伸缩效应,对声表面波电流传感机理进行了分析,以实现对传感器结构的优化设计。实验研制了采用铁钴(FeCo)薄膜的声表面波电流传感器,测试结果表明,该传感器具有快速响应和高灵敏特点。为抑制磁致伸缩薄膜自身的剩磁效应所带来的高磁滞误差,采用的有效途径是将沉积的磁致伸缩薄膜进行图形化设计。实验结果表明,采用栅阵化FeCo薄膜结构的传感器表现出更高检测灵敏度、更好线性及更低的磁滞误差。     

时间延迟型声表面波无源传感器的无线访问

介绍了一种基于无源声表面波(SAW)器件的无线传感器.作为敏感器件的 SAW器件由作为换能器的 ID-Tag和一组反射栅组成.由访问系统发射出的电磁波通过 ID-Tag在 SAW器件上激励起声表面波,此声表面波在器件表面传播,被SAW器件本身状态参数调制后,反射回波再通过ID-Tag转变成电磁波向空间发射.因此对访问系统接收到的回波信号进行分析即可得到被测量。即实现了无线传感.由于以SAW器件为敏感元件可以研制各种各样的物理量、化学量传感器,这种无线访问传感系统可在各种场合得到应用.     

Sniffing lung cancer related biomarkers using an oxidized graphene SAW sensor

Decane is one of the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in human breath. Successful detection of decane in human breath has vast prospects for early lung cancer diagnosis. In this paper, a novel detecting device based on a filter surface acoustic wave (SAW) gas sensor is presented. SAW sensors coated with a thin oxidized graphene film were used to detect decane in parts per million (ppm) concentrations. Control and signal detection circuits were designed using a vector network analyzer with a detection resolution of insertion loss down to 0.0001 dB. The results showed that the SAW sensor could respond quickly with great sensitivity when exposed to 0.2 ppm decane. This device shows tremendous potential in medical diagnosis and environmental assessment.     

Supersensitive graphene-based gas sensor

Epitaxial graphene layers are produced with the aid of thermal destruction of the surface of a semi-insulating SiC substrate. Raman spectroscopy and atomic-force microscopy are employed in the study of the film homogeneity. A prototype of the gas sensor based on the films is fabricated. The device is sensitive to the NO₂ molecules at a level of 5 ppb (five particles per billion). A possibility of the industrial application of the sensor is discussed.     

Universal relations for the strongly-interacting Fermi gas

Shina Tan has derived some universal relations that hold for any state of a system consisting of fermions with two spin states that have a large scattering length. These relations involve an intensive quantity called the contact that measures the number of pairs of atoms that are very close together. We show how these relations can be derived in the framework of quantum field theory using standard renormalization methods and the operator product expansion. They allow the contact density to be identified as the expectation value of a local operator constructed out of quantum fields.     

气体加速度传感器的研制

设计了以气体做敏感质量的气体摆加速度传感器,与传统的固体和液体加速度传感器相比,气体加速度传感器避免了用固体或液体作敏感质量块难以承受强振动、高冲击的缺点。用气体摆原理制作的加速度传感器除了具有抗冲击外还具有响应快、结构简单、价格低廉等优点。     

基于反射型延迟线结构的无线无源声表面波测温系统

从传感器核心元件及无线测温雷达的优化设计出发,研制了一种集成电子标签的高性能声表面波(SAW)无线无源测温系统。基于耦合模(COM)理论对作为传感元件的反射型SAW延迟线进行了优化设计,基于仿真结果,实验研制了采用YZ LiNbO_3石英基片的434 MHz反射型SAW延迟线,该器件是由一个换能器与8个反射器构成的反射型延迟线,其中3个反射器用于温度检测,另外5个反射器则用于采用相位编码的电子标签。测试结果显示所研制的反射型SAW延迟线具有良好的时域特性与较高的信噪比,并与理论仿真结果极为吻合。设计并研制了采用步进调频(FSCW)模式的测温雷达,利用高精度高低温箱对所研制的无线无源SAW测温系统进行了无线测试,系统表现出良好的线性特性,测温准确度达到了士1℃以内。     

Universal fermi gas with two- and three-body resonances

We consider a Fermi gas with two components of different masses, with the s-wave two-body interaction tuned to unitarity. In the range of mass ratio 8.62相似文献   

宽温度范围SAW应变传感器温度与应变解耦研究*

针对宽温度范围应变测量的温度干扰问题,提出并研究了基于双谐振器的声表面波应变传感器。理论上,结合微扰理论、有限元方法、有效介电常数法分析出双谐振器频率与应变、温度的关系公式,进而推导出应变与温度关于这两组谐振器频率变化的表达式。实验上,搭建宽温度范围的实验平台,在Y+34?切向的石英基片上制作该传感器芯片,测得传感器芯片在30?C～180?C下的频率响应,将测得的谐振器频率代入表达式计算得到温度与应变值,与实验中参考温度与应变的值基本吻合。     

快速声表面波气相色谱技术检测水中苯系物*

建立了便携式声表面波气相色谱快速检测水中苯系物的方法。实验条件:检测器温度25℃,DB-5毛细管色谱柱:初始温度40℃,10℃/s程序升温至180℃。结果表明,氯苯、间二甲苯、苯乙烯、异丙苯保留时间分别为1.72 s、1.86 s、2.00 s、2.22 s,检出限分别为1.34μg/L、0.55μg/L、0.50μg/L、0.39μg/L,测得相对标准偏差值为4.08%~5.98%,回收率为82.7%~103.8%,且线性良好,线性相关系数为0.9946~0.9993。因此,该方法适用于水中苯系物的快速应急监测。     

Thermoconductometric detection of gases and gas flows by means of SAW delay lines

Surface acoustic wave (SAW) delay lines without gas-sensitive coatings are used as thermal sensors for the thermoconductometric detection of gases and gas flows. The forced convection of 13 gases is analyzed in the linear approximation without regard for their interaction with the environment. Quartz, LiNbO₃, Bi₁₂GeO₂₀, and Bi₁₂SiO₂₀ delay lines are used to detect H₂, He, Ar, CH₄, NH₃, N₂, and O₂ at frequencies f=21–263 MHz and temperatures T=25–165 °C. The SAW “response” is measured as a function of the gas concentration n, the flow rate U, the temperature coefficient of the SAW velocity (TCV), and the working temperature T _p . The feasibility of controlling the level of the gas “response” and imparting selectivity to the choice of TCV and T _p is demonstrated. The threshold gas concentrations are 0.35% for CH₄ and 0.1% for H₂ and NH₃ in nitrogen. A linear response is obtained in the interval U=20–200 ml/min. Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 67, 119–123 (May 1997)     

Simulation and design on SAW reflective delay line for wireless sensor application using coupling of modes

This paper presents an optimal design on surface acoustic wave reflective delay line using coupling of modes（COM）model.The reflection coefficient S₁₁of the SAW device is deduced to evaluate the device performance.Typical SAW reflective delay line consists of a piezoelectric substrate,an interdigital transducer（IDT）and several reflectors positioned along the acoustic propagation direction.The influences of the design parameters of the device, such as structure of the IDT,reflector types,etc.on device performance are investigated,and the optimal design parameters are determined.Based on these parameters,a 434 MHz SAW reflective delay line with single phase unidirectional transducers and three shorted grating reflectors is fabricated on 41°YX LiNbO₃.The measured S₁₁agrees well with the simulated one.Sharp reflection peaks,high signal noise ratio（S/N）,and low spurious noise between the reflection peaks are observed.     

Universal properties of a trapped two-component fermi gas at unitarity

We treat the trapped two-component Fermi system, in which unlike fermions interact through a two-body short-range potential having no bound state but an infinite scattering length. By accurately solving the Schr?dinger equation for up to N=6 fermions, we show that no many-body bound states exist other than those bound by the trapping potential, and we demonstrate unique universal properties of the system: Certain excitation frequencies are separated by 2variant Planck's over 2piomega, the wave functions agree with analytical predictions and a virial theorem is fulfilled. Further calculations up to N=30 determine the excitation gap, an experimentally accessible universal quantity, and it agrees with recent predictions based on a density functional approach.     

Universal correlations of one-dimensional interacting electrons in the gas phase

We consider dynamical correlation functions of short range interacting electrons in one dimension at finite temperature. Below a critical value of the chemical potential there is no Fermi surface anymore, and the system can no longer be described as a Luttinger liquid. Its low temperature thermodynamics is that of an ideal gas. We identify the impenetrable electron gas model as a universal model for the gas phase and present exact and explicit expressions for the asymptotics of correlation functions at small temperatures, in the presence of a magnetic field.     

基于红外差分检测的甲烷气体传感器

鉴于红外吸收法检测甲烷气体浓度时,误差的补偿是提高检测精度的核心。通常采用各种差分吸收技术来进行误差的补偿,减少各种干扰。基于红外差分检测原理,设计一种双波长差分甲烷传感器。利用旋转滤光盘控制滤波和光的通过,使测量光和参考光分时通过光路,实现了单光源单光路单探测器结构,消除了光源功率波动、光路损耗以及探测器的不稳定带来的误差,提高了检测精度。实验表明,在0～6%浓度范围内,该传感器最大相对误差小于1%。     

OPE molecular junction as a hydrogen gas sensor

Oligo(phenylene ethynylene) (OPE) molecular junction has been suggested as a H₂ molecule sensor based on calculations using the first principles of density–functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function. The electronic transport properties of the OPE molecule between two Au electrodes with or without adsorbed H₂ molecules are investigated. Results show that the adsorbed H₂ molecule significantly changes the characteristics of the current–voltage curve of the OPE molecular junction. The pure OPE molecular junction exhibits a significant negative differential resistance, but this kind of phenomenon will disappear or weaken after hydrogen molecules are adsorbed. The conductance of the junction also obviously decreases in the bias range of [−0.4, 0.4] V after adsorbing H₂ molecules. These effects can be used to design a H₂ molecule sensor.     

倏逝波型光纤气体传感器研究进展

介绍了倏逝波的概念和反映倏逝波光纤气体传感特性的穿透深度参数Z_m。讨论了D形、锥形、纤芯裸露形、纤芯失配型和微结构光纤等不同倏逝波型气体传感的原理和特点,评述了其最新研究进展,对比分析了各传感器的优缺点。对倏逝波型光纤气体传感器的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Nanocrystalline cerium oxide coated fiber optic gas sensor

A clad-modified fiber optic sensor with nanocrystalline CeO₂ is proposed for gas detection. As-prepared and annealed CeO₂ (500 °C) samples have been used as gas sensing media. The spectral characteristics of the fiber optic gas sensor are studied for various concentrations of ammonia, ethanol and methanol gases (0–500 ppm). The sensor exhibits linear variation in the spectral peak intensity with the gas concentration. The characteristics of the sensor are also studied for gas selectivity. The time response characteristics of the sensor are reported.     

Enhanced gas sensor based on nitrogen-vacancy graphene nanoribbons

We study the electron transport of nitrogen-vacancy zigzag graphene nanoribbons (ZGNRs) absorbing gas molecules. It is found that the nitrogen-vacancy ZGNRs are more sensitive to the gas molecules than the pristine ZGNRs. The gas molecules absorbed on the three-nitrogen vacancies lead to sharp resonant peaks on conductance, while those absorbed on the four-nitrogen vacancies lead to anti-resonant dips. Each kind of gas molecule can be detected by its own unique (different energy) resonant peaks (or dips). This indicates that the nitrogen vacancy can enhance the sensitivity to gas molecules, i.e., nitrogen-vacancy ZGNRs can serve as better gas sensors.     

A tunable gas sensor using an acoustic waveguide

A tunable gas sensor using surface acoustic waves (SAW) is described. It is designed on the basis of a waveguide delay line fabricated on a piezoelectric substrate made of 128° Y-cut LiNbO₃. A voltage applied between the waveguide and two electrodes causes a local change in the properties of the substrate near the waveguide and differently affects the sensor’s response to the vapors of various analytes. Some results of the experimental study of the sensor, which show the change in the selectivity under the effect of voltage, are presented. The analytes used for testing include a number of alcohols and deionized water. The possibilities for employing such a sensor in the sensor arrays of gas analyzers of the electronic nose type are discussed.