复杂辐射环境与武器装备试验评估

从业内普遍接受的电磁环境和武器装备电磁环境效应概念入手,提出了复杂辐射环境概念,解释了其内涵和意义;围绕军事问题,探讨了辐射环境的基本构成,从辐射来源上突出了水声环境、电磁环境、光学环境和核辐射环境四个剖面,从效应考虑又将其分解为自然辐射环境、自扰互扰辐射环境、背景辐射环境和威胁辐射环境四个剖面,指出了这些剖面的统计独立性;根据辐射环境结构、特性和信息承载效应,定义了辐射环境的复杂度,介绍了辐射对抗的基本原理;指出复杂辐射环境下武器装备试验与评估问题与传统问题一样,仍是个概率统计问题,并且给出了可按环境剖面进行分解的高效简便的试验与评估方法。     

非平衡态辐射场能量状态参数的表征

本文提出了非平衡态辐射体系的热力学框架,以光子的能量、光子的有效能、光子的熵、光子的特征温度为基础,把辐射热力学体系分解为边界和辐射场进行描述,给出了非平衡态辐射场中辐射能状态参数的表征式,提出了表征任意指定照射窗口的照射辐射特征温度概念,结合照射辐射强度、照射辐射能量等效温度,表征了辐射场的能量强度、有效能和熵等热力学参数。     

辐射扩散计算方法若干研究进展

辐射流体力学研究辐射的传输对流体运动的影响,并在此条件下研究流体的运动规律.实际应用问题中辐射流体力学所描述的是非常复杂的物理过程,数值模拟是主要的研究手段之一.模拟通常采用流体计算和辐射计算分裂求解的方法.讨论求解辐射扩散方程时迫切需要解决的一些计算方法问题,包括大变形网格上扩散计算格式与非线性迭代方法,并简要介绍部分研究进展.     

γ脉宽对电子器件瞬时辐照效应的影响

 采用了2种γ脉冲辐射源,在脉冲宽度分别约为20,50,150 ns,剂量率为10⁶～10⁹ Gy(Si)·s^-1下,对5种不同类型的电子器件进行了辐照试验并对其辐照响应进行了分析,比较了不同脉冲宽度条件下辐照响应的差异。实验结果表明：脉冲宽度是影响瞬时辐照效应的重要因素,γ脉冲宽度越宽,辐照响应越强,分离器件比集成电路受脉宽的影响更明显。     

带电粒子与超晶格相互作用及其超高能粒子识别

讨论了非沟道粒子与晶体的相互作用及其渡越辐射, 并将渡越辐射同沟道辐射进行了比较, 结果表明, 渡越辐射对沟道辐射的贡献主要是在长波区域使沟道辐射的本底增强; 由于超晶格是由两种不同介电性能的材料交替生长而成的多层薄膜结构, 它的渡越辐射比较强. 正是这个特点, 可望利用超晶格的渡越辐射来识别超高能粒子.     

Quantum-electrodynamic effects for atoms in a laser field

Quantum-electrodynamic radiation corrections to atomic energy levels in the presence of monochromatic laser field are considered as radiation shifts of quasienergies. General expressions are obtained for self-energy part of radiation shifts for an arbitrary multilevel atomic system. As an appendix, the radiation shifts of spectral lines of atomic resonance transitions are investigated.     

核爆炸火球物理

本文介绍了核爆炸火球的发展过程和主要现象。根据火球发展的阶段,介绍了非平衡辐射扩散理论对X射线火球的讨论、辐射波、辐射激波以及火球辐射流体力学,并讨论了其中存在的问题。     

Simulation and measurement of millimeter-wave radiation from Josephson junction array

We report the circuit simulations and experiments of millimeter-wave radiation from a high temperature superconducting(HTS) bicrystal Josephson junction(BJJ) array. To study the effects of junction characteristic parameters on radiation properties, new radiation circuit models are proposed in this paper. The series resistively and capacitively shunted junction(RCSJ) models are packaged into a Josephson junction array(JJA) model in the simulation. The current-voltage characteristics(IVCs) curve and radiation peaks are simulated and analyzed by circuit models, which are also observed from the experiment at liquid nitrogen temperature. The experimental radiation linewidth and power are in good agreement with simulated results. The presented circuit models clearly demonstrate that the inconsistency of the JJA will cause a broad linewidth and a low detected power. The junction radiation properties are also investigated at the optimal situation by circuit simulation. The results further confirm that the consistent JJA characteristic parameters can successfully narrow the radiation linewidth and increase the power of junction radiation.     

不同辐射建模下球腔的整体数值模拟

不同辐射建模对于腔内辐射场描述的精确程度不同,需要分析不同建模对腔内辐射温度的影响。开展了三温建模与辐射多群输运建模下LARED集成程序数值模拟两孔球型黑腔模型,实现了球腔的完整数值模拟。数值模拟结果表明,三温与辐射多群输运模拟的等离子体状态接近,辐射温度存在差异。物理分析显示辐射温度差异的主要原因是使用的辐射不透明度,修改辐射不透明度参数后的三温计算结果与输运计算符合更好,从而可以用三温建模更快更准确地估计出所需的激光能量和功率。     

复杂海洋环境下目标的红外辐射特征分析研究

分析研究了复杂海洋环境下点目标的红外辐射特征,从红外警戒探测系统应用的角度出发,给出了海洋环境下迎面攻击目标的红外辐射特征模型的建立、计算与分析方法。利用大气透过率计算软件计算并分析了特定条件下三个海域的目标红外辐射的大气透过率。给出了迎头攻击目标红外辐射特征的简化计算模型,并分析了特定区域下目标的红外辐射特征。     

压缩产生等离子体强光源辐射功率计算方法

强光辐射技术是一项技术复杂、特点突出的高新尖端技术,在红外对抗中有着重要的应用。在爆炸激励等离子体产生强光辐射时,发光工质材料及其初始参数的选择成为一项关键技术,他们对辐射功率有着重要的影响。介绍了爆炸激励等离子体产生强光辐射功率的计算方法,用这种计算方法对各种发光工质的辐射功率进行计算,选择出了一种合适的发光工质的材料。分析了在产生强光辐射过程中发光工质的材料、初始参数对辐射功率的影响。推导出辐射功率与这些参数的函数关系,绘制了相应的关系曲线,通过特性曲线分析选择出适宜的初始参数。     

浅释同步辐射的特点及其应用

通过同步辐射与回旋辐射的对比,借助相对论变换,用初等方法阐明同步辐射的特点及其应用。     

Spectral distribution of radiation from the cascade arc plasma

A mathematical model has been developed for radiation emission and absorption in the cascade arc plasma, and calculations have been performed to determine the complete spectral distribution of radiation emerging from the argon arc. Although self-absorption effects are negligible for the continuum radiation, they are significant for much of the line radiation. The radiation flux emerging from the arc, as well as the efficiency for conversion from electrical to radiant energy, increase with increasing arc current and pressure and decreasing arc radius. The relative contribution of line radiation to the total arc radiation decreases with increasing current and pressure and decreasing radius.     

Plasma mechanisms of pulsed terahertz radiation generation

We present the results on generating terahertz radiation in the plasma of an optical discharge arising in the atmosphere during the focusing of femtosecond laser radiation. Different generation schemes related to focusing of the optical radiation by spherical and axicon lenses, with a constant electric field imposed on the laser spark region, as well as with the use of bichromatic laser radiation, are studied. Directivity patterns and polarization distributions of the terahertz radiation are analyzed in detail for different generation techniques. Comparison with the experimental results obtained by other research groups is given. Possible nonlinear mechanisms of the terahertz radiation generation are discussed.     

辐射烧蚀CH薄膜非平衡理论计算与实验比对分析

 用一维非平衡辐射输运程序和实验提供的黑腔辐射流，对CH薄膜靶的辐射烧蚀进行了数值模拟计算。计算结果表明，非平衡的黑腔辐射场对CH薄膜靶辐射烧蚀的影响十分明显。出靶外界面的辐射流总强度、等效辐射温度随时间变化、400eV光子出界面延迟时间随靶厚度变化规律等方面的数值模拟结果与实验结果基本符合。     

实验靶对半黑腔辐射源辐射温度的影响

间接驱动惯性约束聚变和高能量密度物理实验中使用黑腔作为强X射线辐射源,黑腔源靶的等效辐射温度受安装在辐射出口的实验用靶的影响而与单独进行辐射源特性研究时有所不同。通过对几种不同辐射输运靶对半黑腔辐射源的影响进行的实验研究发现,添加不同填充材料的输运管能够使测量到的黑腔辐射源的辐射温度升高3~8 eV。实验结果的统计显示,输运管越长,填充材料密度越大,辐射温度越高。     

Coherent X-ray radiation generated by a beam of relativistic electrons in a single crystal under conditions of multiple scattering

The dynamic theory of the coherent X-ray radiation of a divergent beam of relativistic electrons generated in a single-crystal wafer under conditions of the multiple scattering of incident particles is developed. Radiation cross sections are averaged over the divergent beam of rectilinear trajectories of electrons. Expressions describing the spectral-angular characteristics of parametric X-ray radiation and diffracted transition radiation under conditions of multiple scattering are obtained. Conditions under which the contribution of diffracted brehmsstrahlung can be disregarded are shown, and the spectral-angular characteristics of parametric X-ray radiation and diffracted transition radiation are calculated numerically for such conditions.     

Measurement of radiation dose at the north interaction point of BEPCⅡ

The technique details for measuring radiation dose are expounded.The results of gamma and neutron radiation levels are presented and the corresponding radiation shielding is discussed based on the simplified estimation.In addition, the photon radiation level move as background for future experiments is measured by a NaI(T1) detector.     

近50年来中国东、西部地面太阳辐射变化及其与大气环境变化的关系

利用1961-2011年中国东、西部地区地面太阳辐射和长期气象数据观测资料, 综合分析了东、西部地区地面太阳总辐射的变化特征, 并结合云量、日照百分率、风速、相对湿度等分析了影响东、西部地面太阳总辐射的变化原因. 结果表明: 近50年来东、西部地区地面太阳总辐射整体呈下降趋势, 下降幅度有所不同; 20世纪90年代之前大部分地区地面太阳总辐射呈下降趋势, 之后呈缓慢增加; 东西部各地区地面太阳总辐射与日照时数间存在显著相关性; 分析影响地面太阳总辐射减少的因素, 东部地区地面太阳总辐射与日照百分率呈显著正相关, 日照百分率是影响地面太阳总辐射减少的主要因素, 总云量与低云量已不是东部地区影响太阳辐射的主要因素; 西部地区地面太阳辐射与云量相关性较低, 主要受大气污染和日照百分率的影响. 风速成为影响地面大气辐射的一个重要因子, 并且风是驱逐大气对流层雾霾等大气污染的主要因子, 这进一步证实了大气污染已经成为影响地面太阳辐射的重要因素, 尤其在中国东部地区.     

静态球对称黑洞的热质点模型及辐射功率

利用静态球对称黑洞的热质点模型,研究了黑洞的热辐射规律,得到了当η取固有厚度时,对所有Schwarzschild黑洞,其辐射功率都相同,其视界处的辐射能通量与黑洞的质量的平方成反比,而距黑洞遥远的观察者所接收到的辐射能通量与观测者到黑洞的距离的平方成反比; Reissner-Nordstrm黑洞视界处的辐射能通量和辐射功率不仅与黑洞的质量有关,还与黑洞的电荷有关,而距黑洞遥远的观察者所接收到的辐射能通量,当截断的固有厚度η、黑洞的质量m和电荷Q取定后与观测者到黑洞之间的距离的 关键词： 静态球对称黑洞 热质点模型 辐射功率 辐射能通量