石墨烯/聚3，4-乙烯二氧噻吩复合物的电化学制备及其在超级电容器中的应用

首次提出了一种在离子液体中在石墨烯表面用恒电流法聚合3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(EDOT)单体制备石墨烯/聚3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩(石墨烯/PEDOT)复合物的方法。用原子力显微镜、扫描电镜等技术表征证明石墨烯/PEDOT复合物是由PEDOT纳米谷粒状颗粒分散在石墨烯片表面而组成的。将该复合物用作超级电容器电极材料时,在1.0 A.g-1的充放电比电流下得到的比电容值为181 F.g-1。同时,该材料还显现出较好的充放电可逆性和稳定性。     

聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)/木质素磺酸导电复合物的结构与性能

3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩(EDOT)以木质素磺酸(LS)作载体,通过化学氧化法聚合形成了聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)/木质素磺酸(PEDOT/LS)导电复合物.该导电复合物的结构与性能分别采用紫外可见分光光度计、红外光谱仪、zeta电位及粒度分析仪、原子力显微镜、X-射线光电子能谱仪、X-射线衍射仪、四探针测试仪、电泳仪,以及表面电阻仪来表征.结果表明,EDOT能在LS水溶液中氧化聚合,得到水分散性PEDOT/LS导电颗粒.该颗粒是一种聚电解质复合物,等量电荷配比的PEDOT/LS位于内核而富余的亲水性LS包在外层.LS与PEDOT两者之间存在较强的作用力,无法通过电泳分开.X-射线衍射仪结果表明该复合物是无定型的.当LS与EDOT单体质量比从0.7∶1升高至3.0∶1时,复合物的粒径从673 nm降低至348 nm,涂膜表面变得均匀,同时表面电阻从1.9 kΩ/sq上升至87.2 kΩ/sq.用PEDOT/LS配置得到的抗静电剂,可以使玻璃片表面电阻从1012Ω/sq减小至107Ω/sq.     

聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)导电织物的制备、结构及其电致变色性能

本文采用原位聚合法, 以耐酸性好的涤纶为基底, 制得了聚(3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩)/涤纶复合导电织物[Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)/conducting terylene textile, PEDOT/CTT], 分析了该导电织物的形貌、导电性能及结构, 并对其电致变色性能进行了初步测试. 实验结果表明, 所得到的PEDOT/CTT具有良好的导电性和一定的电致变色性能, 有望在全固态电致变色织物的制备中获得应用.     

聚乙撑二氧噻吩的导电性及现场ESR响应的研究

聚乙撑二氧噻吩(PEDOT)因为具有很高的稳定性和导电性，近年来受到了广泛 的注意并开始在许多方面得到实际应用．电化学聚合方法具有操作简便、易于控制 等优点．本文采用恒电位电化学聚合方法，在水溶液中Pt电极上制备了聚乙撑二氧 噻吩．研究了单体浓度、支持电解质种类、聚合电位等因素对聚合得到的PEDOT膜 导电性的影响．首次运用电化学现场ESR技术研究了水溶液中PEDOT膜的ESR响应， 结合电化学现场的膜电阻测量研究了PEDOT膜的导电性随所加电位的变化规律．结 果表明，PEDOT膜随不同电位的导电性的变化规律符合极化子—双极化子理论．     

聚乙撑二氧噻吩修饰电极的电化学行为及对抗坏血酸的电催化作用

研究了聚乙撑二氧噻吩修饰电极在水溶液中的电化学行为及对抗坏血酸的电催化作用,实验表明抗坏血酸在聚乙撑二氧噻吩修饰电极上的氧化峰电位为+0.23V,较其在铂电极上的氧化峰电位负移220mV.在1.0×10^-1～1.0×10^-1mol/L浓度范围内,峰电流和抗坏血酸的浓度有线性关系,可用于水果等样品中抗坏血酸的测定。     

纳米纤维素/聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩复合薄膜的制备及电致变色性能

以棉浆粕为原料,采用硫酸溶胀结合超声波处理的方法制备了纳米纤维素(NC).在纳米纤维素的水分散液中加入3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩单体,以过硫酸铵为氧化剂,采用原位化学氧化法制得了纳米纤维素/聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩(NC/PEDOT)纳米复合物.对NC和NC/PEDOT复合物进行扫描电镜、透射电镜和红外光谱分析.将纳米复合物的水分散液滴涂在氧化铟锡(ITO)玻璃表面形成复合薄膜,考察不同纳米纤维素含量对NC/PEDOT复合薄膜电致变色性能的影响.结果表明,NC呈棒状,平均直径为20 nm,长度为100~300nm;NC/PEDOT复合物中PEDOT均匀包覆在NC表面形成核壳结构,平均直径为30 nm;复合薄膜中当NC含量为60%时,其电致变色性能最好,具有最高的对比度(24.4%),最短的响应时间(1 s),最高的着色效率(51.8 cm~2/C).     

聚乙撑二氧噻吩阳极降解的研究

研究了聚乙撑二氧噻吩(PEDOT)膜在水溶液中的阳极降解过程. 研究发现PEDOT的阳极过程可以分为p掺杂区[电位范围－0.3～0.5 V (相对于饱和甘汞电极; vs. SCE)]、过渡区[电位范围0.6～1 V (vs. SCE)]、过氧化区[电位范围1.2～1.6 V (vs. SCE)]三个电位区域. 用电化学阻抗谱法、循环伏安法、红外光谱技术、膜电阻测量以及电子自旋共振技术分别研究了PEDOT膜在这三个电位区域的行为. 结果表明: PEDOT膜在这三个电位区域的性质有明显不同. 在p掺杂区PEDOT膜的官能团、共轭结构、导电性均保持, 即在这个电位区发生可逆的掺杂/脱掺杂反应, 膜几乎不降解. 在过渡区和过氧化区, PEDOT膜均发生了降解. 与传统的导电聚合物在高电位的阳极降解的过氧化过程不同, 我们认为膜在较高电位(过渡区)发生一个驰豫过程, 该过程使得膜的官能团改变, 但是膜的共轭结构和导电性均保持; 而在更高的电位区(过氧化区)膜的降解和一般意义的过氧化降解相同, 此时膜的官能团、共轭结构、导电性均发生不可逆的破坏.     

基于聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩和1-芘丁酸构建的新型铁卟啉仿生传感器及其对邻苯二酚的催化研究

利用π-π共轭效应,将1-芘丁酸(PBA)与导电高聚物聚3,4-乙撑二氧噻吩(PEDOT)相连,并通过Zr4+与羧基形成的配位键将羟基铁卟啉(Hematin)与PBA相连接,将Hematin固定于电极上,构建出一种制备过程简单的新型传感器(GCE/PEDOT/PBA/Hematin)。为了检验这种仿生传感器的稳定性和灵敏度,通过循环伏安法(CV)、交流阻抗法(EIS)和时间电流曲线法(i-t)等各种技术,将其应用于电化学检测中。CV扫描证实在充分除氧的PBS缓冲液中,GCE/PEDOT/PBA/Hematin出现一对准可逆的氧化还原峰,其电子转移速率常数约为4.8 s!1,说明聚合于电极上的PEDOT膜增加了Hematin的电子转移速率。另外,通过i-t曲线检测邻苯二酚,在邻苯二酚浓度5×10!7~2×10!4mol/L范围内,其与催化电流强度呈线性相关,i=0.018C+0.006(R=0.9998),检测灵敏度为0.258μA(μmol·cm2),检出限为0.33 nmol/L(S/N=3),证明此仿生传感器稳定,简单且灵敏度高。     

聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)∶聚苯乙烯磺酸/无机纳米复合材料的制备及应用

聚(3,4-乙烯二氧噻吩)∶聚(苯乙烯磺酸)(PEDOT∶PSS)是一种水溶性导电高分子体系,具有易加工、高透光率及柔韧性等优点,但其应用范围仅限于作为电子器件的柔性电极材料。为了进一步扩大PEDOT∶PSS的应用范围,将无机纳米材料引入该体系实现材料的多功能化是较为有效的方法。本文首先介绍了PEDOT∶PSS/无机纳米复合材料最常用的四种制备方法,即原位法、共混法、自组装法、插层复合法,分别介绍了每种制备方法的原理和特点,并阐述了研究人员对复合材料的结构设计思路及引入的无机相对材料性能的影响。随后,综述了PEDOT∶PSS/无机纳米复合材料在传感器、太阳能电池、超级电容器、热电发电机等领域中应用的最新进展。最后指出了目前在PEDOT∶PSS/无机纳米复合材料的研究中面临的挑战,并对该材料的研究方向和发展趋势进行了展望。     

Thermal ageing of poly(ethylene oxide)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) semi-IPNs

The thermal stability study of a conducting semi-IPN has been reported. The thermo-oxidation of poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO)/poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) semi-Interpenetrating Polymer Network (semi-IPN) was studied at 80 °C in open air. The degradation was followed by spectrophotometry in the visible and near infrared range, cyclic voltamperometry and thermogravimetric analysis. Fluorescence spectrophotometry allowed for the identification of OH by-product originated in the PEO network degradation by the use of a chemiluminescent probe, typically terephthalic acid. The formation of hydroxyl radicals damaged the PEDOT chains as checked by infrared spectroscopy. The mechanism of degradation is further confirmed (i) by introducing a radical scavenger or (ii) by performing a thermal ageing under inert atmosphere; in both cases the semi-IPN life-time is tremendously increased.     

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene methanol)/ascorbate oxidase/nafion-single-walled carbon nanotubes biosensor for voltammetric detection of Vitamin C

Vitamin C（VC） content in commercial juices was voltammetrically determined using a highly selective and sensitive poly（3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene methanol）/ascorbate oxidase/Nafion-single-walled carbon nanotubes （PEDOTM/AO/Nafion-SWCNT） biosensor.The biocompatible PEDOTM matrix was prepared facilely by the one-step electrochemical deposition technique in lithium perchlorate aqueous solutions.AO was dip-coated on the surface of the biocompatible PEDOTM matrix.The mixture of Nafion-SWCNT was dip-cast onto the surface of AO layer when it was obtained by blending Nafion solution and SWCNT dispersion together in a volume ratio of 1:1.The prepared PEDOTM/AO/Nafion-SWCNT biosensor was used for the voltammetric determination of VC,which exhibited the good linear range(4.0×10^-5-3×10^-3mol/L),low detection limit（13μmol/L）,pronounced sensitivity(1.4072 mA（mmol/L）^-1 cm^-2),high bioaffinity（low apparent Michaelis-Menten constant）,good stability（good repeatability）,high specificity（good anti-interference ability） coupled with the good reliability and feasibility（the determination of VC in commercial juices）. Meanwhile,the good aqueous solubility and the low onset oxidation potential of EDOTM will be more beneficial to the application in biosensor field compared to 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene.Moreover,the good biocompatibility of PEDOTM matrix and high selectivity of Nafion-SWCNT films also provide a promising platform for the development of biosensing devices.     

水下超疏油聚(3,4-乙烯基二氧)噻吩薄膜的制备简

以离子液体溴化(1-己基-3-甲基咪唑盐)作为电解质和掺杂剂采用电化学一步法制备了微纳米复合结构的聚(3,4-乙烯基二氧噻吩)薄膜,薄膜由槽内排布着纳米珠链的棒状结构组成. 研究表明,通过控制电流密度的大小,可以调节棒状结构和珠状结构的平均直径. 离子液体中的咪唑阳离子和对阴离子均掺杂到聚合物中,该薄膜具有可逆的电化学活性及水下超疏油特性.     

Properties of nanometric and submicrometric multilayered films of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(N-methylpyrrole)

Multilayered films formed by 3, 5 and 7 alternated layers of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and poly(N-methylpyrrole) have been prepared by chronoamperometry under a constant potential of 1.4 V using a layer-by-layer electrodeposition technique. In order to examine influence of the interface:bulk dimensional ratio, the thickness of the yielded films was reduced from the submicrometric to the nanometric scale by decreasing the polymerization time of each layer from 100 s to 10 s. The electroactivity, electrochemical characteristics and morphologies of the resulting multilayered films have been compared with those obtained for both single-component poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) films prepared using identical experimental conditions and previously reported multilayered films with thickness within the micrometric scale [Estrany F, Aradilla D, Oliver R, Alemán C. Eur Polym J 2007;43:1876].     

Synthesis and characterization of perfluorohexylated poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)

The perfluorohexylated 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene 5 was prepared via Mitsunobu reaction of perfluorohexylatyed diol 2 with diethyl 3,4-dihydroxythiophenedicarboxylate followed by decarboxylation. The polymerization of 5 was conducted with both oxidative chemical and electrochemical polymerizations. The polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammogram, UV, IR, TGA and DSC.     

Peculiarities of the Electrochemical Behavior of Electroactive Films Formed during Cathodic Reduction and Thermal Polymerization of 2,5-Dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene

The electrochemical reduction of 2,5-dibromo-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene (DBEDT) is studied with the aid of cyclic voltammetry and electrolysis at a constant potential on a glassy-carbon electrode in a 0.1 M solution of Bu₄NBF₄ in dimethylformamide. Cyclic voltamograms for DBEDT exhibit two irreversible peaks corresponding to successive abstraction of bromine atoms. Electrolysis at potentials more negative than the potential of the first peak and more positive than the potential of the second peak leads to the formation of an electrochemically active film of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDT). Cathodic polymerization of dibromothiophene with the formation of an electroactive film is performed for the first time ever without a catalyst. The poor stability of the film is attributed to the presence of exceedingly unstable monobromo-3,4-ethyl-enedioxythiophene in it. PEDT, obtained from DBEDT with the aid of thermal polymerization, forms a stable electrochemically active film when rubbed onto a glassy-carbon electrode.     

Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene)/MnO2 composite electrodes for electrochemical capacitors

Composite electrodes of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxithiophene) and manganese oxide (PEDOT/MnO₂) have been prepared by electrodeposition of manganese oxide over PEDOT-modified titanium substrate. The PEDOT layers are deposited on titanium by potentiostatic deposition at 1.4 V and at two different temperatures: 5 and 25 °C (named PEDOT₍₅₎ and PEDOT₍₂₅₎, respectively). The electrodes are characterized by field emission gun scanning electron microscopy (FEG-SEM) and their electrochemical performances are evaluated by using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1 molL⁻¹ Na₂SO₄. The results show an improvement in the specific capacitance (C_s) of the oxide due to the presence of the polymer layer. Considering only the MnO₂ mass, the C_s values of the electrodes Ti/MnO₂, Ti/PEDOT₍₅₎/MnO₂ and Ti/PEDOT₍₂₅₎/MnO₂, estimated by the CV technique, are 151, 159 and 199 Fg⁻¹ at 10 mVs⁻¹ respectively. The micrographies of electrodes show that the polymer layer leads to very significant changes in the morphology of the oxide layers, which in turn generates the improvement observed in the capacitive property.     

Electrochemical recognition and trace-level detection of bactericide carbendazim using carboxylic group functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) mimic electrode

The electrochemical recognition and trace-level detection of bactericide carbendazim (MBC) in paddy water and commercial juice were realized using carboxylic group functionalized poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PC4-EDOT-COOH) film electrode. PC4-EDOT-COOH film was prepared by one step, low-cost, and green electrosynthesis in aqueous microemulsion system and characterized by FT-IR, cyclic voltammetry, UV–vis and SEM. In comparison with poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) and poly(hydroxymethylated-3,4-ethylenedioxylthiophene) (PEDTM), PC4-EDOT-COOH exhibited the best electrochemical recognition towards MBC and the recognition mechanism was proved by quantitative calculation. Sensing parameters such as pH values, accumulation potential, accumulation time, supporting electrolyte, and scan rate on the current response of MBC were discussed. In addition, the sensor can be applied to quantification of MBC in the concentration range of 0.012–0.35 μM with a low detection limit of 3.5 nM (S/N = 3). Moreover, PC4-EDOT-COOH film electrode showed good stability, high selectivity, and satisfactory anti-interference ability. Satisfactory results indicated that PC4-EDOT-COOH film is a promising sensing platform for the trace-level analysis of bactericide residue carbendazim in agricultural crops and environment.