Some consequences of Wiesend’s higher dimensional class field theory

We use a result of G. Wiesend to establish the relation between the integral singular homology in degree zero and the abelianized tame fundamental group of a regular, connected scheme of finite type over Spec .      

On Gruber’s problem concerning uniform distribution on the sphere

In this note we give a partial answer to a problem posed by Peter Gruber on the determination of uniform distribution of a sequence of points on the three-dimensional sphere from its appropriate behavior on caps.     

On the Behaviour of the spectral characteristic of Feigenbaum’s map

Let T _g : [?1, 1] ?? [?1, 1] be the Feigenbaum map. It is well known that T _g has a Cantor-type attractor F and a unique invariant measure ??₀ supported on F. The corresponding unitary operator (U _g ??)(x) = ??(g(x)) has pure point spectrum consisting of eigenvalues ?? _n,r , n ?? 1, 0 ?? r ?? 2 ^n?1 ? 1 with eigenfunctions e _r ⁽ⁿ⁾ (x). Suppose that f ?? C ¹([?1, 1]), f?? is absolutely continuous on [?1, 1] and f?? ?? L ^p ([?1, 1], d??₀), p > 1. Consider the sum of the amplitudes of the spectral measure of f: $$ Sn(f): = \sum\limits_{r = 0}^{2^n - 1} {|\rho _r^{(n)} |^2 ,\rho _r^{(n)} = \int\limits_{ - 1}^1 {f(x)\overline {e_r^{(n)} (x)} d\mu _o } } (x). $$ Using the thermodynamic formalism for T _g we prove that S _n (f) ?? 2^?n q ⁿ , as n ?? ??, where the constant q ?? (0, 1) does not depend on f.     

On Kashiwara’s equivalence in positive characteristic

Bezrukavnikov, Mirkovic and Rumynin have recently obtained a derived version of the Beilinson-Bernstein localization theorem for the the Lie algebra of a semisimple algebraic group in positive characteristic p using the sheaf of rings of crystalline differential operators. A central reduction of is the first term of the p-filtration of the ring of the standard differential operators. We observe that the direct image functors of -modules on smooth varieties do not behave well; Kashiwaras equivalence for a closed immersion fails, for example. On the other hand, we find that the direct image as -modules of the structure sheaf of the Frobenius neighbourhood of a point in each Chevalley-Bruhat cell under its inclusion in the flag variety realizes upon taking global sections an infinitesimal Verma module.Revised version: 27 April 2004Supported in part by JSPS Grant in Aid for Scientific Research     

On Jacobi’s condition for the simplest problem of calculus of variations with mixed boundary conditions

The purpose of this paper is an extension of Jacobi’s criteria for positive definiteness of second variation of the simplest problems of calculus of variations subject to mixed boundary conditions. Both non constrained and isoperimetric problems are discussed. The main result is that if we stipulate conditions (21) and (22) then Jacobi’s condition remains valid also for the mixed boundary conditions.     

Cotangent bundles for “matrix algebras converge to the sphere”

In the high-energy quantum-physics literature one finds statements such as “matrix algebras converge to the sphere”. Earlier I provided a general setting for understanding such statements, in which the matrix algebras are viewed as compact quantum metric spaces, and convergence is with respect to a quantum Gromov–Hausdorff-type distance. More recently I have dealt with corresponding statements in the literature about vector bundles on spheres and matrix algebras. But physicists want, even more, to treat structures on spheres (and other spaces) such as Dirac operators, Yang–Mills functionals, etc., and they want to approximate these by corresponding structures on matrix algebras. In preparation for understanding what the Dirac operators should be, we determine here what the corresponding “cotangent bundles” should be for the matrix algebras, since it is on them that a “Riemannian metric” must be defined, which is then the information needed to determine a Dirac operator. (In the physics literature there are at least 3 inequivalent suggestions for the Dirac operators.)     

Quasiperiodic solutions of higher dimensional Duffing’s equations via the KAM theorem

In this paper, we consider the higher dimensional second order differential equations of the formẍ + ∇F(x,t) = 0,x ∈R ⁿ with a class of weakly coupled potentials F( x, t ), periodically depending on t. We prove the existence of infinitely many quasi-periodic solutions for such equations via the KAM theorem.     

On the moduli space of ’t Hooft bundles

We describe the moduli spaceM ₁ (c ₂) of 't Hooft bundles onP ³, that is instanton bundles having sections at the first twist. We prove that such a moduli space is a rational variety whose singular locus is the moduli space of special 't Hooft bundles studied in [HN]. It turns out thatM ₁ (c ₂) possesses a canonical desingularization provided by the projectivized of a vector bundle on the Hilbert schemeH of the space curves which correspond to 't Hooft bundles in the Serre construction. Moreover, we show that the connected components of such curves are lines or multiple lines, which are scheme-theoretically a product. On such multiple lines every vector bundle splits, and we are able to determine their normal bundle. This allows to reprove the smoothness ofH, already known from [C], and the smoothness ofM ₁, shown in [C] and [NT].

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Sunto Si descrive lo spazio dei moduliM ₁ (c ₂) dei fibrati vettoriali di 't Hooft suP ³, cioè dei fibrati istantoni che ammettono una sezione lineare. Si dimostra che tale spazio è una varietà razionale il cui luogo singolare è costituito dai fibrati di 't Hooft speciali studiati in [HN]. Si trova, inoltre, una desingolarizzazione diM ₁ (c ₂) data da un aperto di un fibrato proiettivo sullo schema di Hilbert delle curve che sono luoghi degli zeri di sezioni lineari di fibrati di 't Hooft. Le componenti connesse di tali curve sono rette o rette multiple isomorfe a un prodotto. Questo risultato è conseguenza del fatto che ogni retta multiplaZ di genere aritmeticop _a (Z)≤1—deg (Z) fibrata in punti multipli curvilinei è schematicamente isomorfa al multiplo di una sezione di una opportuna superficie rigata razionale.

     

On Wilking’s criterion for the Ricci flow

Wilking has recently shown that one can associate a Ricci flow invariant cone of curvature operators $C(S)$ , which are nonnegative in a suitable sense, to every $Ad_{SO(n,\mathbb{C })}$ invariant subset $S \subset \mathbf{so}(n,\mathbb{C })$ . In this article we show that if $S$ is an $Ad_{SO(n,\mathbb{C })}$ invariant subset of $\mathbf{so}(n,\mathbb{C })$ such that $S\cup \{0\}$ is closed and $C_+(S)\subset C(S)$ denotes the cone of curvature operators which are positive in the appropriate sense then one of the two possibilities holds: (a) The connected sum of any two Riemannian manifolds with curvature operators in $C_+(S)$ also admits a metric with curvature operator in $C_+(S)$ (b) The normalized Ricci flow on any compact Riemannian manifold $M$ with curvature operator in $C_+(S)$ converges to a metric of constant positive sectional curvature. We also point out that if $S$ is an arbitrary $Ad_{SO(n,\mathbb{C })}$ subset, then $C(S)$ is contained in the cone of curvature operators with nonnegative isotropic curvature.     

On Goulden-Jackson’s Determinantal Formula for the Immanant

In 1992, Goulden and Jackson found a beautiful determinantal expression for the immanant of a matrix. This paper proves the same result combinatorially. We also present a β-extension of the theorem and a simple determinantal expression for the irreducible characters of the symmetric group.     

On the non-uniform hyperbolicity of the Kontsevich–Zorich cocycle for quadratic differentials

We prove the non-uniform hyperbolicity of the Kontsevich–Zorich cocycle for a measure supported on abelian differentials which come from non-orientable quadratic differentials through a standard orienting, double cover construction. The proof uses Forni’s criterion (J. Mod. Dyn. 5(2):355–395, 2011) for non-uniform hyperbolicity of the cocycle for ${SL(2, \mathbb{R})}$ -invariant measures. We apply these results to the study of deviations in homology of typical leaves of the vertical and horizontal (non-orientable) foliations and deviations of ergodic averages.     

On the negativity of higher order derivatives of Dirichlet’s energy in plateau’s problem

We calculate higher order derivatives of Dirichlet’s Energy at a branched minimal surface in the direction of Forced Jacobi Fields discovered by the author and R. Böhme. We show that, under certain conditions these derivatives can be made negative, while all lower order derivatives vanish. This is the first time that derivatives of order greater than three have been calculated.     

On the Scope of Averaging for Frankl’s Conjecture

Let be a union-closed family of subsets of an m-element set A. Let . For b ∈ A let w(b) denote the number of sets in containing b minus the number of sets in not containing b. Frankl’s conjecture from 1979, also known as the union-closed sets conjecture, states that there exists an element b ∈ A with w(b) ≥ 0. The present paper deals with the average of the w(b), computed over all b ∈ A. is said to satisfy the averaged Frankl’s property if this average is non-negative. Although this much stronger property does not hold for all union-closed families, the first author (Czédli, J Comb Theory, Ser A, 2008) verified the averaged Frankl’s property whenever n ≥ 2 ^m  − 2 ^m/2 and m ≥ 3. The main result of this paper shows that (1) we cannot replace 2 ^m/2 with the upper integer part of 2 ^m /3, and (2) if Frankl’s conjecture is true (at least for m-element base sets) and then the averaged Frankl’s property holds (i.e., 2 ^m/2 can be replaced with the lower integer part of 2 ^m /3). The proof combines elementary facts from combinatorics and lattice theory. The paper is self-contained, and the reader is assumed to be familiar neither with lattices nor with combinatorics. This research was partially supported by the NFSR of Hungary (OTKA), grant no. T 049433, T 48809 and K 60148.     

On the semilocal convergence behavior for Halley’s method

The present paper is concerned with the semilocal convergence problems of Halley’s method for solving nonlinear operator equation in Banach space. Under some so-called majorant conditions, a new semilocal convergence analysis for Halley’s method is presented. This analysis enables us to drop out the assumption of existence of a second root for the majorizing function, but still guarantee Q-cubic convergence rate. Moreover, a new error estimate based on a directional derivative of the twice derivative of the majorizing function is also obtained. This analysis also allows us to obtain two important special cases about the convergence results based on the premises of Kantorovich and Smale types.     

On the sharp Jackson-Nikol’skii inequality for algebraic polynomials on a multidimensional Euclidean sphere

The best constant C _n,m in the Jackson-Nikol’skii inequality between the uniform and integral norms of algebraic polynomials of a given total degree n ≥ 0 on the unit sphere $ \mathbb{S}^{m - 1} $ \mathbb{S}^{m - 1} of the Euclidean space ℝ ^m is studied. Two-sided estimates for the constant C _n,m are obtained, which, in particular, give the order n ^m−1 of its behavior with respect to n as n → +∞ for a fixed m.     

On the sharp Jackson-Nikol’skii inequality for algebraic polynomials on a multidimensional Euclidean sphere

The best constant C _n,m in the Jackson-Nikol’skii inequality between the uniform and integral norms of algebraic polynomials of a given total degree n ≥ 0 on the unit sphere \(\mathbb{S}^{m - 1} \) of the Euclidean space ? ^m is studied. Two-sided estimates for the constant C _n,m are obtained, which, in particular, give the order n ^m?1 of its behavior with respect to n as n → +∞ for a fixed m.     

Hartley’s oscillator: The simplest chaotic two-component circuit

This paper shows an experimental evidence of chaos in one of the simplest imaginable autonomous implicit Hartley’s oscillator made simply of a junction field effect transistor (JFET) and a tapped coil. The experimental setup is implemented. The variations of amplitude of the oscillations through the control element are obtained showing the domain of existence of chaos. Phase portraits of the PSpice simulation, of the numerical integration and of the experiment are displayed, confirming a good agreement between theory and praxis.     

Convergence of the method of fundamental solutions for Poisson’s equation on the unit sphere

Solutions of boundary value problems of the Laplace equation on the unit sphere are constructed by using the fundamental solution

Kontsevich–Zagier integrals for automorphic Green’s functions. II

We introduce interaction entropies, which can be represented as logarithmic couplings of certain cycles on a class of algebraic curves of arithmetic interest. In particular, via interaction entropies for Legendre–Ramanujan curves \( Y^n=(1-X)^{n-1}X(1-\alpha X)\) (\( n\in \{6,4,3,2\}\)), we reformulate the Kontsevich–Zagier integral representations of weight-4 automorphic Green’s functions \( G_2^{\mathfrak H/\overline{\varGamma }_0(N)}(z_1,z_2)\) (\(N=4\sin ^2(\pi /n )\in \{1,2,3,4\}\)), in a geometric context. These geometric entropies allow us to establish algebraic relations between certain weight-4 automorphic self-energies and special values of weight-6 automorphic Green’s functions.