Nonlinear modelling and control of a common rail injection system for diesel engines

Modern trends in designing mechatronic systems call for a synergic design of the separated subsystems (mechanic, electronic parts, control modules, etc.) concurring to the overall performance. Following this point of view, this paper presents a control oriented model and a nonlinear control design for a Common Rail injection system. First a model is developed, which is tuned in a virtual simulation environment, representing the injection system in details in a reliable replication of reality. Then a sliding mode control is developed. Both the model of the injection process and of the control law are validated by a virtual detailed simulation environment. The prediction capability of the model and the control efficiency are clearly shown.     

Robust chaos suppression for the family of nonlinear chaotic systems with noise perturbation

This paper investigates the robust chaos suppression problem for some classical Rössler systems using the sliding mode controller (SMC). Based on the proportional-integral (PI) switching surface, a SMC is derived to not only guarantee asymptotical stability of the equilibrium points of the Rössler systems but also reduce the effect of noise perturbation to an _H∞$H_{\infty }$-norm performance. The parameter matrix necessary for constructing both PI switching surface and the SMC can be easily solved by the linear matrix inequality (LMI) optimization technique. Finally, two illustrative examples are provided to demonstrate the efficacy of the proposed control methodology.     

A chattering-free robust adaptive sliding mode controller for synchronization of two different chaotic systems with unknown uncertainties and external disturbances

In this paper, a robust adaptive sliding mode controller (RASMC) is introduced to synchronize two different chaotic systems in the presence of unknown bounded uncertainties and external disturbances. The structure of the master and slave chaotic systems has no restrictive assumption. Appropriate adaptation laws are derived to tackle the uncertainties and external disturbances. Based on the adaptation laws and Lyapunov stability theory, an adaptive sliding control law is designed to ensure the occurrence of the sliding motion even when both master and slave systems are perturbed with unknown uncertainties and external disturbances. Since the conventional sliding mode controllers contain the sign function, the undesirable chattering is occurred. We propose a new simple adaptive scheme to eliminate the chattering. Finally, numerical simulations are presented to verify the usefulness and applicability of the proposed control strategy.     

Dynamic system methods for solving mixed linear matrix inequalities and linear vector inequalities and equalities

A novel idea is proposed for solving a system of mixed linear matrix inequalities and linear vector inequalities and equalities. First, the problem is converted into an unconstrained minimization problem with a continuously differentiable convex objective function. Then, a continuous-time dynamic system and a discrete-time dynamic system are proposed for solving it. Under some mild conditions, the proposed dynamic systems are shown to be globally convergent to a solution of the problem. The merits of the methods refer to their simple numerical implementations and capability for handling nonstrict LMIs easily. In addition, the methods are promising in neural circuits realization, and therefore have potential applications in many online control problems. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate the performance of the methods and substantiate the theoretical results.     

Chaos in fractional-order Genesio-Tesi system and its synchronization

In this paper we study the chaotic dynamics of fractional-order Genesio-Tesi system. Theoretically, a necessary condition for occurrence of chaos is obtained. Numerical investigations on the dynamics of this system have been carried out and properties of the system have been analyzed by means of Lyapunov exponents. It is shown that in case of commensurate system the lowest order of fractional-order Genesio-Tesi system to yield chaos is 2.79. Further, chaos synchronization of fractional-order Genesio-Tesi system is investigated via two different control strategies. Active control and sliding mode control are proposed and the stability of the controllers are studied. Numerical simulations have been carried out to verify the effectiveness of controllers.     

Design of controller for Lur’e systems guaranteeing dichotomy

In this paper, the problem of controller design for Lur’e systems guaranteeing dichotomy is investigated. On the basis of Kalman-Yakubovich-Popov (KYP) lemma and two frequency equalities, a new methodology for the dichotomy analysis of the Lur’e systems is proposed. A linear matrix inequality (LMI) based criterion is derived, which is equivalent to the Leonov’s frequency-domain one, while for the dichotomy analysis and synthesis which is more straightforward than the frequency-domain one. In virtue of this result, a dynamic output feedback controller ensuring the dichotomy property for Lur’e systems is designed. Finally a numerical example is included to demonstrate the validity and the applicability of the proposed approach.     

Input-to-state stability and sliding mode control of the nonlinear singularly perturbed systems via trajectory-based small-gain theorem

This paper presents the trajectory-based input-to-state stability (ISS) and input-to-output stability (IOS) small-gain theorem, and the finite-time ISS (FTISS) and finite-time IOS (FTIOS) of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems. The contribution of this paper is threefold. Firstly, a novel idea is proposed to analyze the stability of the nonlinear singularly perturbed system, which is regarded as an interconnected system by using two-time-scale decomposition. Secondly, the trajectory-based approach is applied to establish ISS and IOS small-gain theorem for singularly perturbed systems and the FTISS and FTIOS properties are proposed. Thirdly, a novel sliding mode controller is developed for a class of nonlinear singularly perturbed systems. Finally, the effectiveness of proposed method is illustrated by using a numerical example, a DC motor simulation and a multi-agent singularly perturbed system.     

An O(T) algorithm for the capacitated lot sizing problem with minimum order quantities

This paper explores a single-item capacitated lot sizing problem with minimum order quantity, which plays the role of minor set-up cost. We work out the necessary and sufficient solvability conditions and apply the general dynamic programming technique to develop an O(T³) exact algorithm that is based on the concept of minimal sub-problems. An investigation of the properties of the optimal solution structure allows us to construct explicit solutions to the obtained sub-problems and prove their optimality. In this way, we reduce the complexity of the algorithm considerably and confirm its efficiency in an extensive computational study.     

Multi-Agent Social and Organizational Modeling of Electric Power and Natural Gas Markets

Complex Adaptive Systems (CAS) can be applied to investigate large-scale socio-cognitive-technical systems. Viewing such systems from a multi-agent social and organizational perspective allows innovative computational policy analysis. Argonne National Laboratory (ANL) has taken such a perspective to produce an integrated model of the electric power and natural gas markets. This model focuses on the organizational interdependencies between these markets. These organizational interdependencies are being strained by fundamental market transformations.     

Dynamic system optimal performances of shared autonomous and human vehicle system for heterogeneous travellers

ABSTRACT

Autonomous vehicles (AV) can solve vehicle relocation problems faced by traditional one-way vehicle-sharing systems. This paper explores the deterministic time-dependent system optimum of mixed shared AVs (SAV) and human vehicles (SHV) system to provide the benchmark for the situation of mixed vehicle flows. In such a system, the system planner determines vehicle-traveller assignment and optimal vehicle routing in transportation networks to serve predetermined travel demand of heterogeneous travellers. Due to large number of vehicles involved, travel time is considered endogenous with congestion. Using link transmission model (LTM) as a traffic flow model, the deterministic time-dependent system optimum is formulated as linear programming (LP) model to minimize the comprehensive cost including travellers’ travel time cost, waiting time cost and empty vehicle repositioning time cost. Numerical examples are conducted to show system performances and model effectiveness.     

高级排程计划APS发展综述

高级排程计划(APS)是二十世纪信息技术与现代管理思想相结合的产物。本回顾了APS从萌芽到与ERP／SCM结合的过程，总结了APS的主要特点，并对我国企业应用APS的前景进行了分析与展望。     

Trajectory planning based on minimum absolute input energy for an LCD glass-handling robot

The main idea of this paper is to design a novel point-to-point (PTP) trajectory based on minimum absolute input energy (MAIE) for an LCD glass-handing robot, which is driven by a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). The mechatronic system is described by a mathematical model of electrical and mechanical coupling equations. To generate the MAIE PTP trajectory, we employ a high-degree polynomial and compare with the trapezoidal, cycloidal and zero-jerk trajectories for various constraint conditions, which satisfy their corresponding desired constraints of angular displacement, speed, acceleration and jerk at the start and end times. The real-coded genetic algorithm (RGA) is used to search for the coefficients of high-degree polynomials for the PTP trajectories, and the inverse of absolute input electrical energy is adopted as a fitness function. From numerical simulations, it is found that either increasing the degree number of polynomials or decreasing the constraints at the start and end times will decrease the absolute input electrical energy. The proposed methodology for designing the MAIE PTP trajectory can also be applied to any mechatronic system driven by a PMSM.     

Global existence and blow-up for the solutions to nonlinear parabolic-elliptic system modelling chemotaxis

In this paper we study the global in-time and blow-up solutionsfor the simplified Keller–Segel system modelling chemotaxis.We prove that there is a critical number which determines theoccurrence of blowup in the two-dimensional case for 1 <p < 2. In three- or higher-dimensional cases, we show thatthe radial symmetrical solution will blow up if 1 < p <N/N–2 (N 3) for non-negative initial value.     

Fractional modeling and control of a complex nonlinear energy supply‐demand system

This article deals with the fractional‐order modeling of a complex four‐dimensional energy supply‐demand system (FOESDS). First, the fractional calculus techniques are adopted to describe the dynamics of the energy supply‐demand system. Then the complex behavior of the proposed fractional‐order FOESDS is studied using numerical simulations. It is shown that the FOESDS can exhibit stable, chaotic, and unstable states. When it exhibits chaos, the FOESDS's strange attractors are plotted to validate the chaotic behavior of the system. Moreover, we calculate the maximal Lyapunov exponents of the system to confirm the existence of chaos. Accordingly, to stabilize the system, a finite‐time active fractional‐order controller is proposed. The effects of model uncertainties and external disturbances are also taken into account. An estimation of the stabilization time is given. Based on the latest version of the fractional Lyapunov stability theory, the finite‐time stability and robustness of the proposed method are proved. Finally, two illustrative examples are provided to illustrate the usefulness and applicability of the proposed control scheme. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 20: 74–86, 2015     

Optimum preventive maintenance policies maximizing the mean time to the first system failure for a two-unit standby redundant system

A two-unit standby redundant system with repair and preventive maintenance is considered under the following assumptions: (I) the inspection of an operative unit is made only if the other unit is in standby; and (II) an operative unit, which forfeited inspection due to assumption (I), undergoes inspection just upon repair completion of the failed unit (or inspection completion). We derive the Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the cumulative distribution function of the time to the first system failure and the mean time to the first system failure. Further, we obtain the necessary and sufficient conditions for an optimum preventive maintenance policy to exist with respect to the mean time to the first system failure. More importantly, under certain conditions, we find the analytical form of an optimum inspection time maximizing the mean time to the first system failure. A numerical example is presented.The work reported in this article was supported by the National Institutes of Health under Grant No. GM-16197-05. The authors would like to express their appreciation to Professor D. L. Jaquette and Professor R. Vasudevan, University of Southern California, for their advice and encouragement.     

A difference scheme for a parabolic system modelling the thermoelastic contacts of two rods

In this article, we study a sequence of finite difference approximate solutions to a parabolic system, which models two dissimilar rods that each rod is fixed at one end and is free to expand or contact at the other end. A finite difference scheme is derived by the method of reduction of order on nonuniform mesh. The unique solvability, unconditional stability, and convergence of the difference scheme are proved. The convergence order is of order two in both time and space. The convergence of iterative algorithm for the difference scheme are also discussed. A numerical example is presented to demonstrate the theoretical results. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq, 2007     

A generalized iterative method and comparison results using projection techniques for solving linear systems

In [Y.-F. Jing, T.-Z. Huang, On a new iterative method for solving linear systems and comparison results, J. Comput. Appl. Math. 220 (2008) 74–84], Jing and Huang obtained a new iterative method for solving linear systems. This method can be considered as a projection method which uses a two-dimensional space at each step. In this paper, we generalize this method to a three-dimensional projection process. And a different approach is established, which is both theoretically and numerically proven to be better than (or at least the same as) [Jing and Huang’s (2008)].     

Dynamic model of integrated cardiovascular and respiratory systems

A set of linear time‐variant dynamic models for the interactive respiratory/cardiovascular mechanism is constructed and analyzed in this work. By using equivalent electric circuits for heart/blood and lung/air subsystems, the dynamics of cardiovascular subsystem and respiration cycle are established. In order to verify the validity of the dynamic models, numerical simulations and analysis on heart–lung interactions, including the valvular closure incompetence and pulmonary obstruction, are presented and compared with the empirical reports in literature. The derived dynamics of heart–lung interactions can be realized and examined in the biomechanical and medical engineering fields. In addition, the dynamic models can also be used for the model‐based controller synthesis in medical instrumentations, for example, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, to retain the function of blood circulation and/or respiration by artificial intelligence. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.