内热针治疗肩周炎的疗效观察

目的分析内热针治疗肩周炎的疗效。方法抽取清远市阳山县中医院自2016年3月—2017年2月期间收治的80例肩周炎患者,依据治疗方法差异性均分两组,每组患者比例各40例。予以温针治疗+常规康复训练的患者作为对照组,予以内热针+常规康复训练治疗的患者作为治疗组,最后对两组患者的治疗效果进行统计分析。结果两组患者经不同方法治疗后,治疗组患者治疗总有效率同参照组比对明显较高,组间数据结果由统计工具进行检验呈现出统计学意义。结论肩周炎予以内热针治疗,效果理想,在临床上应用有重要意义。     

100例皮肤病患者发样微量元素的检测及多因素分析

对100例皮肤病患者发样中的Zn、Cu、Fe、Ca及Mg五种元素进行了检测，采用主成分分析及因子分析法对分析数据进行了统计学处理，探索皮肤病与该五种元素的关系，结果表明：Zn、Mg元素水平是皮肤病的重要样本特征，其中Mg元素是皮肤病的一个重要影响因子。其水平偏高及偏低者占病例数的92％；Cu、Fe元素水平基本正常；缺Zn影响则不是主要因素，低Zn者只占8％。可将皮肤病分为两大类：(1)Zn、Mg元素水平偏高类；占病例数的58％。(2)Ca、Mg元素水平偏低类，占病例数的32％。     

Effects of surface processing of lactose carrier particles on dry powder inhalation properties of salbutamol sulfate

The effects of the surface processing of lactose carrier particles on the dry powder inhalation properties of salbutamol sulfate were investigated. Lactose carrier particles were processed using a high-speed elliptical-rotor-type powder mixer (Theta-Composer). In the present study, drug/carrier powder mixtures were prepared, consisting of micronized salbutamol sulfate and coarse lactose carriers with various particle surface conditions prepared by surface processing. These powder mixtures were aerosolized by a Jethaler, and the in vitro inhalation properties of salbutamol sulfate were evaluated with a twin impinger. Compared with those of the powder mixed with unprocessed lactose carriers, the in vitro inhalation properties of the powder mixture prepared using the surface processed lactose carriers were significantly different, showing that the in vitro inhalation properties of salbutamol sulfate were improved. The in vitro inhalation properties increased with the rotor rotation rate. Using this surface processing system would thus be valuable for increasing the inhalation properties of dry powder inhalation with lactose carrier particles.     

Synthesis of Isomeric Aminomethyl Derivatives of Furylmethanephosphonates

By chloromethylation of diethyl 2- and 3-furylmethanephosphonates 5-chloromethylfur-2(3)-ylmethanephosphonates were synthesized. The other four isomers of chloromethyl derivatives of furylmethanephosphonates were prepared by substitution of hydroxy groups in the corresponding phosphorylated furylmethanols via the reaction with thionyl chloride in the presence of pyridine. Thermal stability of these chlorides was sufficiently high, and they were involved in nucleophilic substitution of chlorine with azido group by treating with sodium azide in boiling acetonitrile in the presence of potassium iodide. No decomposition of substrates was observed. The azides obtained were reduced to amines with triphenylphosphine in ethanol.     

Homopolymers and copolymers of vinyl ethers of rosin-derived alcohols

Two vinyl ethers of rosin-derived alcohols were homopolymerized with free-radical and cationic initiators. A polymer was obtained from the vinyl ether of the alcohol from Foral in good conversion by free-radical initiators but it was not a high molecular weight product. Cationic initiators were more effective; boron trifluoride etherate proved to be best. All of the homopolymers were obtained as white powders with high crystallinity. Copolymerizations of the vinyl ethers and vinyl chloride have been studied with the use of free-radical initiators. Cationic-initiated copolymers of the vinyl ethers and isobutyl vinyl ether were studied. Those containing less than 20% of the rosin vinyl ethers were rubbery, of high molecular weight, and could be crosslinked with peroxide.     

二级粘度液标准物质的研制

以基础油为原料研制了二级粘度液标准物质,对其均匀性和稳定性进行了考察,用方差分析法进行了评价,用标准毛细管粘度计对其进行了定值。实验结果表明,该粘度液标准物质的均匀性良好,稳定性在1年以上,量值准确可靠,达到二级标准物质的技术指标要求。     

Evaluation of process conditions and characterization of particle size and stability of oil-in-water nanoemulsions

This article reports on the oil in water (o/w) nanoemulsions, which were prepared using a mixture of solvents (decane, toluene and cyclohexane) as oils and the mixtures of ethoxylated lauryl alcohols with various concentrations as surfactants with HLB values ranged from 10 to 12. The Ultra-Turrax (rotor-stator type) stirring and/or ultrasound processing were applied for varied processing times. The data show that the particle sizes in nanoemulsions prepared with ultrasound were smaller than those produced by stirring. The stability of these emulsions was, however, enhanced, when the mixtures were preliminary processed with the shearing agitator. The most stable nanoemulsions were obtained in 10 wt % surfactant mixture of the alcohols with HLB 11 in the shearing agitator.     

Reaction of Lithium Cellulosate with Episulfides

The reactions of propylene, ethylene, and styrene sulfide with cotton fabrics in the form of their lithium cellulosate derivative, obtained by metallation with lithium methoxide, were studied. Both graft and homo-polymerization took place and in the reaction with propylene and ethylene sulfide, cotton fabrics with high polysulfide content were obtained. With propylene sulfide 50% of the monomer polymerized was grafted. The effects of monomer concentration, cellulosate degree of substitution, reaction time, and solvent on the polymerization were investigated. In contrast with propylene and ethylene sulfide, only small conversions were obtained in the reaction with styrene sulfide. The results were attributed to steric effects.     

Effect of solvents on the electrochemistry of olefins and aromatic molecules

Cyclic voltammetry and electrolysis studies were carried out in dimethyl sulfoxide, diglyme and liquid ammonia. The depolarizers were diethyl fumarate, ethyl cinnamate, stilbene and anthracene. The reduction reactions were carried out in the presence of organic halides, phenol, acids and water. The rates of the reactions were measured. The main solvent effect was noticed with water which reacts 100 times faster in diglyme than in liquid ammonia or DMSO. The results of electrolytic experiments with two reactants simultaneously were compared with those predicted from the kinetic data.     

Effect of hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics of magnetic microspheres on the immobilization of BSA

Core-shell magnetic poly(styrene-acrylamide-acrylic acid) microspheres with carboxyl groups were successfully synthesized via dispersion copolymerization in the presence of nano-particle of Fe(3)O(4). The microspheres were characterized by FTIR spectra. They were used as carrier to immobilize bovine serum albumin (BSA). To investigate the effect of the microsphere surface properties on the immobilization of BSA, a series of microspheres with different hydrophobic/hydrophilic surface characteristics were prepared by adjusting molar percentages of monomers. The results showed that microspheres with different hydrophobicities/hydrophilicities had different immobilized ratios of BSA. In comparison with microspheres having hydrophilic characteristics those with hydrophobic characteristics had a much higher immobilized ratio. The possible reasons for these observations are discussed. In addition, ester activation and coupling times were optimized with respect to immobilized ratio.     

Dynamic modification of the capillary wall for electrophoretic separations of small ions

Separations of small ions were carried out under nonequilibrated conditions using capillaries treated with NaOH, HCl, or tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane (Tris) prior to analysis. For separations of benzoic acid isomers or acids and amines under weakly acidic conditions, capillaries flushed with 0.1 M NaOH and subsequently with running buffers prior to analysis were used. Separations of six benzoic acid isomers were accomplished in 4 min in 1 mM phosphate buffers, pH 4.01, containing 2.5 mM hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. Without additives, the separation of biological amines and acids were also achieved in 10 min at pH 4.01. Capillaries treated with 0.1 M HCl prior to analysis were tested in separations of six phenols in 5 mM Tris solutions at pH 7.0. As a result of small electrophoretic mobilities of phenols against a small electroosmotic flow, resolution was optimized. We also found that reproducibility was improved using capillaries treated with HCl. The relative standard deviations of migration mobility of phenols were less than 1%, which were smaller than those obtained using capillaries treated with 0.1 M NaOH or Tris.     

Properties of solutions and films of blends of water-soluble cellulose ethers with poviargol

Rheological properties of moderately concentrated aqueous solutions of blends of methyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose with Poviargol antiseptic (nanodispersed silver stabilized with polyvinylpyrrolidone) were studied. Composite films were prepared from solutions of the polymer blends, and the physicomechanical and thermomechanical properties of the films were examined. The region of thermodynamic compatibility of cellulose ethers with Poviargol was determined by the method based on sorption of solvent vapor.     

Properties of novel gel particles with projections and preparations of composite particles with gold nanoparticles

Mono-dispersed gel particles with projections were prepared by dispersion polymerization with ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate and a polyethyleneglycol (PEG) block macro azo initiator in H₂O/ethanol solutions. The effects of molecular weight of PEG blocks and polymerization conditions on the morphology and some properties were examined for the gel particles. The diameters and the extent of coagulation were different with the polymerization conditions. Relatively large specific areas and large swelling ratio with H₂O were obtained, and these values were related with the polymerization conditions. By mixing the gel particles with gold nanoparticles in solutions, composite particles were formed, which were composed of gold nanoparticles adsorbed on the gel particles. Interaction between gold nanoparticles and reactive azo groups remained in the gel particles concerned for the formation of the composite particles.     

Dependence of structure of dehydrated PVA on the crystallinity of the original PVA

Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films having different crystallinities were prepared by elongating PVA films to different degrees and heating the films with and without elongation treatment at several temperatures between 60 and 200°C. Then, they were dehydrated by heating from 80°C to 230 or 330°C in hydrogen chloride gas. Infrared spectral measurements were made on the dehydrated PVA films obtained. Absorbances of the absorption bands due to several groups seen in the infrared spectra depended only on the density of original PVA films, regardless of its degree of elongation. From these dependences, it was found that the dehydration reaction progressed more easily in the crystalline region than in the amorphous region, that the aromatic rings with four or five adjacent hydrogen atoms were formed mainly in the amorphous region and those with two adjacent hydrogen atoms in the crystalline region, and that the aromatic rings with two isolated hydrogen atoms were formed in both the amorphous and crystalline regions. Relative concentrations of the groups of which the dehydrated PVA were composed were estimated. Comparison of the numbers of carbon atoms among the composing groups indicated that the main groups were the methylene group and the aromatic ring.     

Identification of metabolites of the anabolic steroid methandienone formed by bovine hepatocytes in vitro.

Monolayer cultures of bovine hepatocytes were used to investigate the biotransformation of methandienone in vitro. After incubation of bovine hepatocytes with methandienone, samples were taken at different times. The samples were treated with deconjugation enzymes and extracted with diethyl ether. The metabolites formed were converted to their trimethylsilylether derivatives. By using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with electron impact and chemical ionisation, several metabolites were identified. After 24 h of incubation with bovine hepatocytes, 83% of the parent compound was converted to its metabolites. The major metabolite found was 6-beta-hydroxymethandienone with a yield of 24%. This compound was identified after comparison with an authentic sample of 6 beta-hydroxymethandienone, which was synthesized chemically.     

Effects of sublethal doses of gamma rays on the accumulation of zinc in mice fed the higher concentration diets

This paper reports preliminary studies on the mechanism of the mortality reduction effects in sublethally irradiated mice by administration of zinc at the high concentration. At first, accumulations of 65Zn in non-irradiated mice, which were orally administered with the artificial diet containing the radio-tracer and the stable metal at the high concentration (1,000 ppm), were investigated, and compared with those in mice which were administered with the artificial basal diet containing the tracer (control). Then the irradiation effects of 60Co gamma-ray at the sublethal dose on the accumulation were studied. The concentrations of zinc in whole body, tissues and organs of non-irradiated mice which were administered with the former diet were 2-fold higher than in the mice which were administered with the latter diet (control). But the accumulation of the tracer was affected by the irradiation, i.e. the concentrations in tissues and organs (except for blood and bone) of irradiated mice were lower than those in non-irradiated mice. However, the concentration in spleen of irradiated mice was remarkably higher than in the other tissues.     

苦瓜成分的提取工艺探索

考察了溶剂用量(1-10mL)、浸泡时间(1～24h)、超声时间(0～20min)对0．2g苦瓜的籽、果实、叶子中成分提取的影响,利用均匀设计(3因素5水平)与固定单因素的方法相结合(9个实验)获取14个不同实验条件,通过多元线性回归得到相关系数大于0．95的4因素表达式。结果表明,超声波对同一个样品中不同的组分有效果相反的作用,即对有些组分降解破坏的同时却会提高另外一些组分的提取率。实验验证了MATLAB预测的最佳实验条件和实验结果,预测准确率大于97％。对于所研究的苦瓜籽、果实、叶子样品0．2g,最佳提取溶剂体积10mL,浸泡时间24h,超声时间0min(果实)或20min(籽、叶子)。     

Comparisons of several dead time correction methods in the case of a mixture of short- and long-lived nuclides

Several dead time correction methods were compared experimentally with the exact correction method and their limits were discussed. These correction methods were applied to neutron activation analysis of a biological sample. A special electronic circuit and an additional counting equipment were used to obtain the fractional dead time with a suficiently high frequency.     

Polymerization of allyl(vinyl phenyl) ethers and reactions of the resulting polymers

Solution polymerizations of allyl(o-vinyl phenyl)ether and allyl(p-vinyl phenyl)ether with cationic and radical initiators were investigated. Soluble polymers were formed in polymerizations with boron trifluoride etherate and with benzoyl peroxide. In polymerization with azobisisobutyronitrile the polymerization in dilute solution gave a soluble polymer, whereas that in concentrated solution gave a crosslinked, insoluble one. For informationon the polymerization behavior some infrared and ultraviolet spectroscopic investigations of the soluble polymers were made. From these results it appears that polymers with pendant allyl groups are formed in polymerization with boron trifluoride etherate at low temperature, and polymers containing pendant vinyl groups and allyl groups are obtained with the two types of radical initiator. Copolymerizations of these monomers with ethyl vinyl ether and styrene with the use of boron trifluoride etherate were sucessfully effected. Such reactions as Claisen rearrangement, crosslinking induced with radical initiators, and epoxidation with perbenzoic acid were examined for the polymers prepared in the polymerization with boron trifluoride etherate. Good results were obtained for the former two reactions. However, the latter was unsuccessful.