苯乙烯和马来酸酐共聚物的13C NMR谱解析和分子链结构表征

通过比较高温110 ℃下特定苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物H10和常温紫外辐照特定共聚合的苯乙烯-马来酸酐共聚物UV4的¹³C质子去偶谱和DEPT135谱，总结给出共聚
物链中马来酸酐环中酸酐基的取代效应参数（α=13.5、β=2.5、γ=-2）及引用苯基取代参数：α=16、β=6、γ=-2，对共聚物主链碳的化学位移进行了经验计算，对所有碳，尤其是主链碳在三单元组或四单元组水平上进行了链序列结构归属. 在进行峰面积积分的基础上，对共聚物分子链两种组份摩尔比或摩尔含量、交替度、链嵌段长度、马来酸酐环残基中顺反异构体比和共聚物数均分子量等进行了表征. 共聚物UV4比H10的交替度高许多，表明聚合温度对苯乙烯和马来酸酐共聚合交替链结构的形成有重要影响.     

CHx(x=2~4)在Fe(110)表面吸附的DFT研究

采用密度泛函理论与周期平板模型相结合的方法,对物种CHx(x=2~4)在Fe(110)表面的top,hcp,SB和LB位的吸附模型进行了结构优化、能量计算,得到了各物种较有利的吸附位;并对最佳吸附位进行密立根电荷和总态密度分析。结果表明：CH4在Fe(110)表面的最稳定吸附位都是SB位,吸附能别是-38.14 kJ•mol-1,CH3在Fe(110)表面的最稳定吸附位都是top位,吸附能别是-171.78 kJ•mol-1,而CH2在Fe(110)表面的最稳定吸附位hcp的吸附能是-342.43 kJ•mol-1;CH3 和CH2两物种与金属表面成键,属于化学吸附。     

CHx(x=2~4)在Fe(110)表面吸附的DFT研究

采用密度泛函理论与周期平板模型相结合的方法,对物种CHx(x=2~4)在Fe(110)表面的top,hcp,SB和LB位的吸附模型进行了结构优化、能量计算,得到了各物种较有利的吸附位;并对最佳吸附位进行密立根电荷和总态密度分析。结果表明：CH4在Fe(110)表面的最稳定吸附位都是SB位,吸附能别是-38.14 kJ•mol-1,CH3在Fe(110)表面的最稳定吸附位都是top位,吸附能别是-171.78 kJ•mol-1,而CH2在Fe(110)表面的最稳定吸附位hcp的吸附能是-342.43 kJ•mol-1;CH3 和CH2两物种与金属表面成键,属于化学吸附。     

铁铜双核羰基簇合物结构的理论研究

采用密度泛函理论BPW91方法在6-311+G(d)基组水平上, 对FeCu团簇吸附CO过程中可能的几何结构和电子态进行了系统研究. 计算结果表明: FeCu双原子团簇饱和吸附CO分子数是7, 配位过程均为放热反应, 吸附能最大的结构是FeCu(CO)1. 金属原子满足18电子规则,对CO的吸附位置起主要决定作用, 即CO配位由于遵循18电子规律, 即Fe原子上形成Fe(CO)4Cu 之后CO与Cu原子发生配位形成Fe(CO)4Cu(CO)3. 各配合物中 Fe电荷密度最大的结构是Fe(CO)4Cu(CO)1, Cu电荷密度最大的结构Fe(CO)4Cu(CO)3.     

β-环糊精交联共聚物的制备及其Pb2+、Zn2+吸附的AAS法分析

以丙烯酸β-环糊精酯(β-CD-AA)、烯丙基-联苯基醚(ABE)和丙烯酸(AA)为单体,以N,N-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBA)为交联剂,采用微波辅助法制备了β-环糊精交联聚合物(AA/β-CD-AA/ABE),FTIR表征了其结构。以原子吸收光谱法(AAS)为检测手段,研究了Pb2+和Zn2+吸附时间、体系pH及温度等吸附条件对聚合物吸附性能的影响。实验结果表明,Pb2+的最佳吸附条件为：在35 ℃、静态吸附时间约2 h左右、体系pH 2～3时,最大吸附量Q达到29.5 mg·g-1;Zn2+的最佳吸附条件为：在30 ℃、静态吸附时间约3 h左右、体系pH 3～4时,最大吸附量Q达到43.7 mg·g-1;聚合物对Pb2+和Zn2+的吸附基本符合Freundlich吸附等温方程。     

一种新型罗丹明类荧光分子探针及其对Fe(Ⅲ)的选择性识别

以罗丹明B、乙二胺和乙二醛为反应原料,合成了一种新型的荧光增强型识别Fe3+的分子探针(fluorescent probe,FP)。用核磁和质谱对其分子结构进行了表征,并通过荧光光谱研究了FP对Al3+、Pb2+、Cu2+、Cd2+、Mn2+、Hg2+、Mg2+、Ca2+、K+、Na+等不同金属离子的识别性能。研究结果表明:在纯甲醇溶剂中,探针FP对Fe3+的识别具有较好的选择性,且基本不受其他金属离子的干扰;通过Job's曲线可知,探针FP与Fe3+的络合比为1∶3;Fe3+浓度在4×10-4~5×10-3mol/L范围内时,探针FP的荧光强度与Fe3+浓度具有良好的线性关系,线性相关系数为0.995 3。     

Pb(Ⅱ)印迹磁性复合吸附剂在水溶液中吸附行为的FAAS法分析

以壳聚糖为单体,磁性纳米Fe₃O₄为载体,环氧氯丙烷为交联剂,利用本体聚合法制备的Pb(Ⅱ)印迹磁性复合吸附剂,可实现从水溶液中快速吸附分离Pb(Ⅱ)。印迹和非印迹吸附剂采用FTIR表征, FAAS法分析吸附过程中pH、吸附时间、初始浓度和温度等影响。结果发现,随着溶液pH值的增加, Pb(Ⅱ)-MICA对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附容量在溶液pH 5~6时达到最大,当吸附时间为120 min, 最大吸附容量为32.48 mg·g-1。吸附剂对Pb(Ⅱ)的Pb2+/Cu2+, Pb2+/Cd2+, Pb2+/Ni2+, Pb2+/Zn2+的相对选择性系数分别是MNICA的28.11, 91.14, 76.54, 33.06倍, 显示出对Pb2+具有良好的吸附选择性。Langmuir等温吸附模型与平衡吸附数据吻合(r2=1,饱和吸附容量为33.87 mg·g-1)。动力学和热力学研究结果表明,吸附过程属于Langmuir型单层吸附,受化学作用控制,是自发、放热、焓驱动的过程。     

施氏矿物Schwertmannite的微生物法合成、鉴定及其对重金属的吸附性能

在K+缺乏的FeSO4-H2O体系(pH 2.5)中,利用氧化亚铁硫杆菌对亚铁的生物氧化作用,合成了一种新型羟基硫酸高铁矿物Schwertmannite(施氏矿物)。借助扫描电镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、傅里叶转换红外光谱(FTIR)、电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱(ICP-AES)等方法对其组成和结构进行了分析与表征,同时还对其重金属吸附性能进行了研究。结果表明,A.ferrooxidans LX5休止细胞可在2 d内将在FeSO4-H2O体系中0.2 mol·L-1 Fe2+全部氧化成Fe3+,溶液pH由起始的2.5下降至2.10,约有15%的Fe2+被转化成红棕色沉淀,余下85%的Fe2+氧化后以Fe3+形式存在于溶液中。鉴定结果表明合成的红棕色羟基硫酸高铁沉淀为施氏矿物。吸附试验表明,施氏矿物对重金属阳离子Cu2+,Zn2+与 Cr3+的吸附受pH的控制,吸附率随pH的升高而增加,约在6.0～7.0时达到最大吸附率。当溶液中三种金属离子浓度为50 mg·L-1时,最大吸持率分别为99.3%,99.4%与87.6%。     

1,3-交替香豆素-硫杂杯[4]荧光探针对Fe~(3+)和牛血红蛋白的光谱识别

以1,3-交替二乙酯硫杂杯[4]芳烃和7-羟基香豆素为原料,分步取代杯芳烃下沿,合成得到1,3-交替香豆素-硫杂杯[4]芳烃荧光探针1。在DMSO/H2O(φ,3/7,pH 7)溶液中,探针1发射的强荧光被Fe3+选择性猝灭;Fe3+使探针1的紫外吸收显著增强。相同条件下其他常见金属离子的加入对探针1的荧光及吸收光谱无影响,探针在水溶液介质中仅对Fe3+高选择性识别,荧光和吸收光谱法的检测限均达10-8 mol·L-1。光谱滴定、等温滴定量热及质谱法均测出探针1与Fe3+形成1∶1配合物,作用常数达105 L·mol-1。从摩尔结合自由能和结合熵分别表明配合作用为自发过程。同时,在DMSO/H2O(φ,1/9,Tris-HCl,pH7,0.1mol·L-1 NaCl)介质中,探针1能选择性猝灭识别牛血红蛋白(BHb),线性范围在0.2~3.0μg·mL-1,检测限达0.12μg·mL-1。为一种选择性识别Fe3+和BHb的杯芳烃荧光探针。     

二芳基马来酸酐吸收光谱的计算研究

在B3LYP/6-311++G(3df, 3pd)//b3LYP/6-31G(d)和TD/6-31G(d)//B3LYP/6-31G(d)水平上对二芳基马来酸酐的电子吸收光谱进行了研究。2,3-(2,4-二甲基噻吩-3)马来酸酐的开式结构和闭式结构的S₁, S₂和S₃跃迁的计算结果分别为390, 360.5, 339.4; 584.6, 395.8, 370.2 nm; 与类似物2,3-(2,4,5 -三甲基噻吩-3)马来酸酐的开式结构和闭式结构的S₁和S₂, 实验值390,331; 552, 386 nm一致。振子相对强度计算结果与吸收峰强度一致。     

Synthesis of Magnetic Metal Organic Framework Fe3O4 @ NH2-MIL-53 (Al) Materials and Application to the Adsorption of LeadSCIEI北大核心CSCD

Metal organic framework, a novel class of organic inorganic hybrid functional materials, has been widely used in the fields of gas adsorption, catalysis, separation, and biological medicine due to its large specific surface area, diverse structural, and adjustable channel. In this work, a new amine-functionalized magnetic metal-organic framework material was synthesized. Nano-Fe3O4 was prepared by a solvothermal method, after which polyvinyl pyrrolidone was employed to modify Fe3O4. Finally, amino groups were introduced to prepare Fe3O4@NH2-MIL-53(Al). The crystal structure and functional groups of the material were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FT-IR). Combined with flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), the adsorption of lead by the magnetic adsorbent was investigated. The magnetic adsorbent possesses high adsorption capacity because of the large specific surface area of Fe3O4@NH2-MIL-53 (Al) and the coordination between amino group and lead. Experimental conditions affecting the adsorption percentage were discussed and the experimental operation parameters were optimized (pH value of 6.0 and adsorption time of 120 min). Kinetics and thermodynamics studies were conducted for the adsorption process. Langmuir/Freundlich and pseudo-first-order/pseudo-second-order models were applied to analyze the experimental data. Thermodynamic functions, i.e., changes of Gibbs energy, entropy, and enthalpy, were calculated from temperature experiments. In addition, the regeneration of the adsorbent was considered with hydrochloric acid as the desorption solution. Several adsorption and desorption experiments were carried out, illustrating that the Fe3O4@NH2-MIL-53(Al) adsorbent can be used repeatedly.     

Pb2+印迹丙烯酸-co-苯乙烯的制备及其吸附性的FAAS法分析

以丙烯酸为功能单体、苯乙烯为骨架单体、Pb2+为模板离子、采用无皂乳液聚合法合成铅离子印迹共聚物(Pb(Ⅱ)-ⅡPs)并采用紫外光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱和扫描电镜对Pb(Ⅱ)-ⅡPs和非印迹聚合物(NIPs)的表面形貌和结构进行表征.以火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)为检测手段,研究了Pb-ⅡPs对Pb2+的吸附和选择识...     

磁性Pb(Ⅱ)表面印迹聚合物(Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP)的制备及谱学表征

吸附法处理含铅废水因其经济性备受关注。开发可回收的专一性Pb(Ⅱ)吸附材料是高效处理含铅废水和实现铅回收的关键。结合氧化石墨烯(GO)的强吸附性、Fe_3O_4的磁性和表面印迹技术,以氧化石墨烯负载四氧化三铁(Fe_3O_4/GO)为载体,硝酸铅为模板离子,甲基丙烯酸(MAA)及水杨醛肟(SALO)为功能单体,乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDMA)为交联剂制备了磁性Pb(Ⅱ)表面印迹材料(Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP),并探讨其重复利用性和对Pb(Ⅱ)的专一性吸附性。结合XRD,SEM,FTIR等谱学方法,对Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP进行表征,并分析其对Pb(Ⅱ)的吸附机理。以Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP作为吸附剂选择性去除水溶液中的Pb(Ⅱ),结果表明,Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP对Pb(Ⅱ)具有很好的亲和性,反应在5min内,对初始浓度10mg·L-1的Pb(NO3)2的去除率达到70%,反应在20min左右达到吸附平衡。准二级吸附动力学和Langmuir吸附等温线能较好的表达其吸附过程。TEM和SEM图谱证明了Fe_3O_4均匀地分散在GO表面,粒径为10~20nm,Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP表面存在Pb(Ⅱ)印迹孔穴,增强其对Pb(Ⅱ)的选择吸附性;在竞争离子[Cd(Ⅱ),Zn(Ⅱ),Cu(Ⅱ)]存在条件下,Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP对目标污染物Pb(Ⅱ)的选择性系数比非印迹吸附材料(NIP)提高2~5倍;XRD和FTIR谱图分别从晶相结构和官能团证明了Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP的成功合成。对制备材料进行磁分离后洗脱再利用,结果表明Fe_3O_4/GO-IIP具有良好的重复利用性。该结果对于含铅废水处理和铅回收具有重要的意义。     

Bio-Adsorbent from Carboxymethyl Cellulose and Tannin for Dye Adsorption

A bio-adsorbent was prepared by the crosslinking reaction of a tannin based phenolic resin and carboxymethyl cellulose with epichlorohydrin as crosslinker. The water absorption ratio of the adsorbent decreased due to the introduction of the phenolic resin based on tannin but the adsorption properties of the adsorbent for methylene blue were improved due to the introduction of the phenolic hydroxyl groups from the tannin in comparison with the carboxymethyl cellulose based adsorbent cross-linked with epichlorohydrin. The maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for methylene blue was 1300mg/g and the adsorption process for methylene blue was exothermic. The adsorption ratio of the adsorbent for methylene blue was over 98% for an adsorbent dosage of 2.5 g/L when the concentration of methylene blue in solution was lower than 2000mg/L. The adsorbent can process wastewater containing methylene blue in the pH range of 4–12.     

原子吸收光谱法研究自然沙粒对pb2+的吸附性能

通过扫描电镜(SEM)、静态氮吸附(NSA)和红外光谱(FTIR)法对塔卡拉玛干沙漠自然沙粒(简称沙粒)的粒状及其表面结构、比表面积和功能基团进行了分析,以FAAS作为检测手段,动态法研究了沙粒对pb2+的吸附性及其影响因素并优化了吸附条件;将沙粒作为填料制备了5.0 cm×5 mm i.d.预富集分离微柱,将其与FA...     

Synthesis of Tapioca Cellulose-based Poly(amidoxime) Ligand for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions

Poly(acrylonitrile)/cellulose block copolymer (PAN-b-cell) was prepared by using a free radical initiating process and then the nitrile functional groups of the PAN blocks of the copolymers were transformed into amidoxime ligands. The resulting poly(amidoxime) ligands could complex with heavy metal ions; for example, the reflectance spectra of the [Cu -ligand]ⁿ⁺ was found to be at the highest absorbance, about 94%, at pH 6. The pH was the key parameter for metal ions sensing by the ligand. The adsorption capacity for copper was very good, 272 mg g^?1, with a fast adsorption rate (t_1/2 = 10 min). The adsorption capacities for other heavy metal ions such as Fe³⁺, Cr³⁺, Co³⁺ and Ni²⁺ were also good, being 242, 219, 201 and 195 mg g^?1, respectively, at pH 6. The heavy metal ions removal efficiency from water was 98% at low concentration. The data proved that the heavy metal ions adsorption onto the polymer ligands were well fitted with the Langmuir isotherm model (R²>0.99), which suggests that the cellulose-based adsorbent surface namely the poly(amidoxime) ligand, was homogenous and a monolayer. The reusability was examined by a sorption/desorption process for six cycles and the extraction efficiency was determined. This new adsorbent could be reused for 6 cycles without any significant loss in its original removal function.     

有机硅表面修饰的磁性复合物对乙基紫的吸附

以Fe3O4粒子和3-氨丙基三乙氧基硅烷（APTES）为原料制备了有机硅表面修饰的磁性复合物,通过透射电镜（TEM）、热重分析（TGA）、X射线衍射（XRD）、红外光谱（FT-IR）等对其形貌和组成进行表征,着重研究了其作为吸附剂对印染废水中乙基紫（EV）的吸附性能。废水中EV的pH、初始浓度、温度等因素对吸附效果均有不同程度的影响。等温吸附数据符合Langumir模型,T=308K,pH=9.5,V=50mL时,吸附的饱和吸附容量qm=29.06mg/g,吸附为吸热过程,焓变ΔH=3.54kJ/mol。     

新型特效Na离子吸附剂Li1+xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3的光谱研究

采用高温固相法合成了新型特效Na离子吸附剂Li1 xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3.用XRD,FTIR,Raman等手段研究了其结构形态;对材料的激光拉曼光谱和红外光谱进行了研究和指认;并对其吸附性能进行了研究.结果表明少量Al的加入未影响到LiTi2(PO4)3的晶体结构,但使Li1 xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3对Na离子产生了特效吸附作用,可用于高纯锂盐制备过程中微量杂质钠离子的分离.其最佳吸附条件为:当x=0.4时,在pH值为10.0～11.0条件下,Li1 xAlxTi2-x(PO4)3的吸附容量达到11.76 mg·g-1.     

Investigate the ultrasound energy assisted adsorption mechanism of nickel(II) ions onto modified magnetic cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: Multivariate optimization

In present study, magnetic cobalt ferrite nanoparticles modified with (E)-N-(2-nitrobenzylidene)-2-(2-(2-nitrophenyl)imidazolidine-1-yl) ethaneamine (CoFe₂O₄-NPs-NBNPIEA) was synthesized and applied as novel adsorbent for ultrasound energy assisted adsorption of nickel(II) ions (Ni²⁺) from aqueous solution. The prepared adsorbent characterized by Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The dependency of adsorption percentage to variables such as pH, initial Ni²⁺ ions concentration, adsorbent mass and ultrasound time were studied with response surface methodology (RSM) by considering the desirable functions. The quadratic model between the dependent and independent variables was built. The proposed method showed good agreement between the experimental data and predictive value, and it has been successfully employed to adsorption of Ni²⁺ ions from aqueous solution. Subsequently, the experimental equilibrium data at different concentration of Ni²⁺ ions and 10 mg amount of adsorbent mass was fitted to conventional isotherm models like Langmuir, Freundlich, Tempkin, Dubinin-Radushkevich and it was revealed that the Langmuir is best model for explanation of behavior of experimental data. In addition, conventional kinetic models such as pseudo-first and second-order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion were applied and it was seen that pseudo-second-order equation is suitable to fit the experimental data.     

Synthesis of graphene oxide-poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) composite by dispersion polymerization in supercritical CO2: adsorption behavior for the removal of organic dye

The use of a biocompatible and thermoresponsive polymer, poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) (PHEMA) grafted onto the surface of graphene oxide (GO) as an adsorbent for the removal of a cationic dye (methylene blue [MB]) from an aqueous solution is examined in this work. GO–PHEMA forms a hydrogel in water thus overcoming the problem faced by carbon-based adsorbent materials during post-treatment (i.e., separation of adsorbent from the aqueous phase). The GO–PHEMA composite was synthesized using a green approach through dispersion polymerization in supercritical CO₂. The successful preparation of this composite was confirmed by a series of characterization techniques. The adsorption behavior of the composite toward MB such as the effect of the adsorbent dosage, pH, contact time, dye concentration, and recyclability were observed. In addition, the adsorption isotherm, kinetics and thermodynamics were investigated. According to the experimental data, the adsorption parameters were found to fit well into the Freundlich adsorption isotherm with a correlation coefficient of 0.975 and a maximum predicted adsorption capacity of 39.41 mg g^?1 at 25 °C. The adsorption kinetics studies showed that the adsorption behavior followed a pseudo-second-order reaction. On the other hand, the thermodynamics studies showed that the adsorption of MB on GO–PHEMA composite followed spontaneous and endothermic adsorption process with an efficient adsorption temperature at 45 °C. The experimental results also showed that the GO–PHEMA composite could remove 99.8% of the dye in 45 min. Therefore, GO–PHEMA composite is a favorable green adsorbent for environmental applications.