温度敏感水凝胶包覆长周期光纤光栅传感器研究

以N-异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)为单体、N,N'-亚甲基双丙烯酰胺(MBAA)为交联剂、安息香二甲醚(DMPA)为引发剂,利用紫外光引发聚合制备了一系列温度敏感性聚(N-异丙基丙烯酰胺)(PNIPAM)水凝胶,并对其性能进行了测定.结果表明,PNIPAM水凝胶的平衡膨胀比随着交联程度的变化而改变.当交联程度适当时,水凝胶可具有最大的溶胀比.在此研究基础上,利用浸渍提拉法在长周期光纤光栅(LPFG)包层外制备了PNIPAM水凝胶薄膜包覆层.研究了得到的LPFG传感器对温度和湿度的响应性,该类型传感器表现出对温度的灵敏响应性.     

一种提高检测长周期光纤光栅折射率灵敏度的方法

本发明公开了一种提高检测长周期光纤光栅折射率灵敏度的方法。通过液相沉积在长周期光纤光栅表面快速可控地制备合适厚度的二氧化锆或五氧化二钽纳米薄膜,提高检测灵敏度。本发明无需昂贵的仪器设备,操作过程简便,节约了调控长周期光纤光栅灵敏度的时间,提高了长周期光纤光栅对折射率的调控效率,降低了制作高灵敏度长周期光纤光栅传感器的成本。     

多肽荧光传感器检测铜离子

基于铜离子对罗丹明B标记的多肽的荧光猝灭作用,构建了一种用于铜离子检测的荧光传感器.利用共振光散射分析、紫外-可见吸收光谱、荧光寿命测试和圆二色光谱研究了铜离子检测的传感机理,发现铜离子的加入诱导多肽结构发生变化而使罗丹明B荧光团彼此靠近,从而导致铜离子与多肽之间发生聚集诱导荧光猝灭.实验结果表明,该传感器检测铜离子的线性范围为5×10^-4～1×10^-2μmol/L和0.1～7μmol/L,检出限为0.29 nmol/L,且拥有良好的选择性,能用于湖水样品中铜离子的检测.     

以Sephadex为基质的光纤铜传感器的研究

本文发展了一种新的光纤铜传感器, 用DEAE Sephadex为基质, 通过电价键固定亚硝基红盐作为指示剂, 该传感层在520nm波长下, 反射光强度的变化与铜离子的浓度呈函数关系。用流动法和平衡法对传感器特性进行了研究, 响应时间为5秒,且可逆性好, 已成功应用于自来水和废水中痕量铜离子的直接测定。     

基于铜离子与DNA相互作用的铜离子检测

利用铜离子(Cu~(2+))可与DNA分子中的碱基相互作用形成络合物的性质,将Cu~(2+)富集在DNA修饰电极表面,进而采用微分脉冲伏安法(DPV)实现了铜离子的检测.此外,由于乙二胺四乙酸(EDTA)对Cu~(2+)具有更强的络合能力,富集于DNA修饰电极表面的Cu~(2+)很容易被洗脱液中的EDTA络合,从而实现修饰电极的再生和重复利用.实验结果表明,在最佳实验条件下,Cu~(2+)浓度在2.0×10-6~1.0×10-5mol/L和2.0×10-5~1.0×10-4mol/L范围内与其相对还原峰电流强度(I-I0)呈良好的线性关系,且该传感器简单、稳定,可循环使用.     

基于光纤光栅的高压固体压力传感器研究

固体内部压力是国防科技领域需重点监测的参数之一,目前使用较多的测压设备均存在电磁干扰严重、可靠性及准确性差等缺陷.针对以上不足,本研究设计了光纤光栅耐高压固体压力传感器.采用平面薄板作为弹性承压膜片,利用压力作用下的挠度,拉动压力敏感光栅产生轴向位移,实现压力传感.根据测压范围,对其结构进行理论计算,并进行有限元仿真,验证了本设计的可行性.在恒温条件下,进行了压力校准实验,并通过处于同一温度场的温补光栅进行温度补偿,修正应变光栅的温漂.实验结果表明,构建的承压光栅(FBG)压力传感器可以进行压力传感,测压上限可达50 MPa,线性度为99.2%.     

非常规铜离子敏感碳糊电极的研究

非常规铜离子敏感碳糊电极的研究胡效亚,冷宗周（扬州大学师范学院化学化工系,扬州,２２５００２）关键词电位法,碳糊电极,铜离子,铜离子选择性铜离子选择电极的研究已有大量报道［１～３］,并被广泛用于各种样品的分析［４～６］,但它的响应斜率都在３０ｍＶ／ｄ...     

一种新的流动型镍离子光纤反射传感器

本设计了一种新的流动型镍离子光纤反射传感器，原理基于固定于阴离子交换树脂上的亚硝基红盐与镍离子的络合反应，从而引起探头表面反射光强度发生变化，可进行１．０×１０＾－７－１．０×１０＾－４ｍｏｌ／Ｌ范围内镍离子的测定，并具有良好的可逆响应，出限为１．０ｎｇ／ｍｌ。     

过硫酸铵氧化多孔碳/聚十六烷基三甲基溴化铵修饰电极灵敏检测铜离子

以壳聚糖为原料,通过高温热解法制备了多孔碳(PC),再用过硫酸铵(APS)氧化后得到APS氧化PC(APS-PC)。经APS氧化后的PC表面含氧官能团增多,既提高了其表面润湿性又增强了其对重金属离子的吸附能力。基于APS-PC及聚十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(p-CTAB)的高导电性、大比表面积和良好的吸附性能,构建了一种灵敏检测Cu²⁺的电化学传感器。采用差分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法(DPASV)和电化学交流阻抗法(EIS)表征了传感器的电化学性能,并考察了电聚合十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)圈数、APS-PC的修饰量、缓冲溶液种类、溶液pH、搅拌速率、沉积电位及沉积时间等条件对传感器响应的影响。在最优条件下,该传感器对Cu²⁺的检测线性范围为0.25～25μg·L^-1,检出限为0.04μg·L^-1。该传感器具有良好的抗干扰性能、重现性和稳定性,应用于检测实际样品中的Cu²⁺含量,与石墨炉原子吸收光谱法(GFAAS)测定结果接近,加标回收率为86.0～96.4%。     

基于RGO-Au-ZIF-8复合材料的电化学传感器制备及其在铅离子和铜离子同时检测中的应用

金属有机骨架(MOFs)材料因其结构和组成特点在重金属离子的吸附和预富集方面表现出独特优势,在重金属离子的光学传感方面显示出极大的应用潜力,但其导电性较差,这大大限制了其在电化学传感领域的应用.制备了一种功能化的金属有机骨架复合材料——热还原氧化石墨烯-金-沸石咪唑酯骨架材料(RGO-Au-ZIF-8).该复合材料具有较本体MOF显著改善的电化学性质,利用其构建电化学传感平台实现了对水相溶液中铅离子(Pb2+)和铜离子(Cu2+)的同时灵敏检测.借助扫描电子显微镜、透射电子显微镜、紫外可见吸收光谱法和各种电化学技术对所制备材料及其修饰电极的形貌、结构和电化学特性进行了表征.采用阳极溶出伏安法(DPASV)对水相溶液中的Pb2+和Cu2+进行检测,并对检测溶液pH、沉积时间和沉积电位等实验参数进行了优化.在最优化条件下,该传感平台对Pb2+和Cu2+的检测线性浓度范围分别为0.005～10 (Pb2+)和0.01～10 (Cu2+)μmol·L-1,检测限为2.6×10-9 (Pb2+)和7.8×10-9 (Cu2+) mol·L-1.此外,还对该传感平台的选择性、重现性和稳定性进行了考...     

High Sensitive Long Period Fiber Grating Sensor for Detection of Nitrite

A high sensitive long period fiber grating(LPFG) sensor for the detection of nitrite is proposed, which is realized by coating multiple poly(sodium 4-styrensulfonate)(PSS) and poly(diallyldimethylammonium) chloride (PDDA) layers on the fiber grating surface. The sensitivity of this LPFG sensor is maximum when the number of assembled layers is 70. Under this condition, a nitrite concentration of 3×10-3 mol/L, which is lower than the National Food Additive Standard, 4.2×10-3 mol/L, can be distinguished. The s...     

The features of the Cu2+-entry into the structure of tourmaline

EPR and optical absorption spectra of Cu²⁺ ion were investigated in natural elbaites from Brazil and Zambia and in synthetic olenite single crystal. In elbaite from Zambia, the content of Cu²⁺ ions was found to be about 0.006 pfu, whereas in Brazilian elbaite the amount of this ion can approach up to 0.2 pfu. The rose color of elbaite from Zambia is mainly due to optical absorption at 515 nm related to Mn³⁺ ions. The blue color of Brazilian elbaite is related to Cu²⁺ absorption bands at 695 nm and 920 nm. Spin Hamiltonian parameters of Cu²⁺ calculated from the angular dependence of the EPR spectra are: g _x = 2.054, g _y = 2.092, g _z = 2.374; A _x = 27.8·10^?4 cm^?1, A _y = 59.3·10^?4 cm^{? 1}, A _z = 133.2·10^?4 cm^?1. We propose that Cu²⁺ ions enter into Y octahedra with common edges; the symmetry of these Y octahedra is lowered because of local disorder induced by occupancy of the Y site by cations of very different size and charge, such as Li⁺, Al³⁺, and Cu²⁺.     

The investigation of the behavior of a long period grating sensor with a copper sensitive coating fabricated by layer-by-layer electrostatic adsorption

Sensors based on changes of refractive index in response to sorption of an analyte on the coating or film of a long period grating fiber (LPG) fiber have recently been reported. In most prior work the coating or film swelled during interaction with the analyte. The swelling mechanism produced a kinetic response that slowed both the sensor's time for steady-state measurement and the reversibility of the sensor. Here, the analytical utility of fabricating these nanometer thin films using the layer-by-layer (LBL) electrostatic assembly method is evaluated using Cu^II as the test analyte and Cibacron Blue as the reagent immobilized in the LBL assembly; a generation-4 poly(amidoamine) dendrimer served as the spacer in the assembly. Detection of 1.3 mg Cu^II L⁻¹ was observed when six bilayers comprised the coating. The stable response was achieved with 0.6 mg L⁻¹ in less than 1 min. When 0.1 M HCl was used as the rinsing solution, this LPG sensor was reversible and the signal to similar concentrations of Cu^II reproducible.     

PAN基碳纤维原丝长周期结构的二维SAXS研究

在有效采集湿法纺丝凝固成形的PAN纤维二维小角X射线散射(SAXS)图像的基础上,通过理论模型的建立和散射强度的计算,对散射信息中的微孔结构和长周期结构的叠加信号进行了合理的分离,获得了纤维中长周期结构信息。结合相关函数分析方法,计算了长周期中准晶区厚度、非晶区厚度等结构参数,建立了PAN纺丝过程中凝固纤维的长周期特征结构的研究分析方法。同时,采用广角X射线衍射(WAXD)方法测定纤维的结晶度,验证了所建立方法的准确性。     

Highly Selective Anionic Counterion‐based Fluorescent Sensor for Hg2+ by Grafted Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Grafted conjugated polyelectrolytes were synthesized for the first time and characterized. The polymers demonstrated properties of a convenient and efficient protocol for creating Hg²⁺ sensors. The unique character of the new material comes from an anionic counterion nature with no external cofactors, and imparts high selectivity and fast detection for mercury ion in a fluorescence probe. The concept may be potentially applied to create new sensors for monitoring other ions.

     

Characterization of Optical Fiber Dissolved Oxygen Sensor for Aquaculture Sensing and Monitoring

Optical fiber sensor using sol gel membrane incorporated RTV silicon rubber was fabricated and developed for the characterization of dissolved oxygen in aqueous solution. The sol gel materials used consists of Tetraethylorthosilicate (TEOS) and Triethoxyoctylsilane (Octyl-triEOS) as the precursor compound for the preparation of the sol gel structures, while tris-BP Ruthenium (II) chloride as the fluorescent lifetime of the oxygen indicator. Dip coating techniques is utilized to position the sol gel technology at the distal end of the optical fiber. Dissolved oxygen gas sensor characterizations include a study on the sensitivity, temperature effects and drift rate of the sensor performance when measured in 40ppt salt water. Potential applications of the optical fiber sensor are including aquaculture, river monitoring and environment sector.     

光纤传感技术在腐蚀监测中的应用

本文全面介绍了利用光纤传感技术检测与材料腐蚀相关参数的检测方法和应用状况;系统地分析了各项技术的优缺点及国内外发展状况;明确提出参数的综合检测是材料所处环境的腐蚀状况的全面评估措施,它为腐蚀防护提供了理论依据。     

改性磁性壳聚糖微球对Cu2+、Cd2+和Ni2+的吸附性能

Fe3O4/ chitosan magnetic microspheres of 50 to 80 滋m were prepared using the inverse phase emulsion dispersion and chemical crosslinking technology, and then modified with ethylenediamine for use in the adsorption of heavy metal ions. The adsorption properties of the modified Fe3O4/chitosan toward Cu2+, Cd2+ and Ni2+ were investigated. It was found that the adsorption capacities of Cu2+ and Ni2+ increased with pH, and a maximum adsorption for Cd2+ occurred at pH=3. The saturated adsorption capacities calculated by Langmuir isotherms were 54.3 mg·g-1 for Cu2+, 20.4 mg·g-1 for Cd2+, and 12.4 mg·g-1 for Ni2+, respectively. The adsorption kinetics were well described by pseudo-second-order equation models. The experimental results showed that the Fe3O4/chitosan modified with ethylenediamine presented higher adsorption selectivity for Cu2+ than for Cd2+ and Ni2+ in all studied pH ranges.     

Electrochemical Sensor Based on Biomass Yeast Integrated Sulfur-doped Graphene and Carboxylated Carbon Nanotubes/MoS2 for Highly-sensitive Detection of Pb2+

Glassy carbon electrodes (GCEs) modified with sulfur-doped graphene (SG)/carboxylated carbon nanotube (CNT−COOH)/MoS₂/yeast composite were prepared for electrochemical detection for lead ions by the simple hydrothermal methods and ultrasonic methods. The combination of SG and CNT−COOH could form a double-layer carbon structure, providing more active detection sites for detection for lead, which could also contribute to adherence of yeast and MoS₂. The SG/CNT−COOH/MoS₂/yeast exhibited a high response in detecting low concentrations of lead ions. And then the SG/CNT−COOH/MoS₂/yeast was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Compared with traditional detection technology, the linear range of the sensor was 10⁻⁶∼10⁻¹⁴ g/L. And the lower of detection (LOD) down to 2.61×10⁻¹⁵ g/L was achieved. The sensor showed prospective applications in detection of Pb²⁺ in real serum samples.     

Hierarchical Porous Tubular Biochar Based Sensor for Detection of Trace Lead (II)

Hierarchical porous tubular biochar (PTBC) was prepared by selectively removing lignin simply according to reverse the pyrolysis sequence of cellulose. The properties of the PTBC sample were characterized by XRD, SEM, TEM, Raman spectra, cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. The electrochemical performances of PTBC modified on the screen-printing electrode illustrated excellent detection of lead ions (lead (II)) in water with the linear range (0.5–120 μg/L) and the detection limit (0.02 μg/L) by in-situ bismuth film square wave anode stripping voltammetry.