恒电流暂态法研究镁在非水体系的电沉积

恒电流暂态法做为研究金属电沉积的有效工具广泛被采用。传统的恒电流暂态法需要用示波器及照相装置,操作较繁。本文利用Model-273恒电势仪和Apple-Ⅱ微机联用完成了恒电流暂态实验,利用该装置可使操作全部自动化,数据的采集、贮存、打印以及超电势与时间之间关系图的绘制全部由计算机完成,不仅操作简便,且精度高。在验证该装置可靠的基础上,本文用其测定了镁在二甲基甲酰胺中电沉积的动力学参数。不仅加深了对镁     

Study of Complex Formation between N-Phenylaza-15-Crown-5 with Mg2+, Ca2+, Ag+ and Cd2+ Metal Cations in Some Binary Mixed Aqueous and Non-aqueous Solvents using the Conductometric Method

The complexation reactions between Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ag⁺ and Cd²⁺ metal cations with N-phenylaza-15-crown-5 (Ph-N15C5) were studied in acetonitrile (AN)–methanol (MeOH), methanol (MeOH)–water (H₂O) and propanol (PrOH)–water (H₂O) binary mixtures at different temperatures using the conductometric method. The conductance data show that the stochiometry of all of the complexes with Mg²⁺, Ca²⁺, Ag⁺ and Cd²⁺ cations is 1:1 (L:M). The stability of the complexes is sensitive to the solvent composition and a non-linear behaviour was observed for variation of log K _f of the complexes versus the composition of the binary mixed solvents. The selectivity order of Ph-N15C5 for the metal cations in neat MeOH is Ag⁺>Cd²⁺>Ca²⁺>Mg²⁺, but in the case of neat AN is Ca²⁺>Cd²⁺>Mg²⁺>Ag⁺. The values of thermodynamic parameters (ΔH _c ^o , ΔS _c ^o ) for formation of Ph-N15C5–Mg²⁺, Ph-N15C5–Ca²⁺, Ph-N15C5–Ag⁺ and Ph-N15C5–Cd²⁺ complexes were obtained from temperature dependence of stability constants and the results show that the thermodynamics of complexation reactions is affected by the nature and composition of the mixed solvents.