Singular points of a star-finite tiling

Let be a star-finite tiling of a topological vector space of dimension greater than one and let S() denote the set of singular points of . We show that S() is either uncountable or empty by investigating the density in S() of certain subcollections of geometrically interesting singular points.     

Groups acting simply transitively on the vertices of a building of typeà 2, II: The casesq=2 andq=3

If (P, L) is a projective plane and is a triangle presentation compatible with a point-line correspondence :P L, then gives rise to a group and a thick building of typeà ₂ on the vertices of which acts simply transitively. We find all triangle presentations (up to natural equivalence) compatible with some point-line correspondence :P L, when (P, L) is the projective plane of orderq=2 orq=3. For some, but not all, of these , is isomorphic to the building associated withG=PGL(3,K) whereK is a local field with discrete valuation and residual field of orderq. We identify the for which this is the case, and in these cases, find embeddings of intoG. We also describe the arithmetic nature of these groups.     

On the divisibility of homogeneous hypergraphs

We denote byK _k ,k, 2, the set of allk-uniform hypergraphsK which have the property that every element subset of the base ofK is a subset of one of the hyperedges ofK. So, the only element inK ₂ ² are the complete graphs. If is a subset ofK _k then there is exactly one homogeneous hypergraphH whose age is the set of all finite hypergraphs which do not embed any element of . We callH -free homogeneous graphsH _n have been shown to be indivisible, that is, for any partition ofH _n into two classes, oue of the classes embeds an isomorphic copy ofH _n . [5]. Here we will investigate this question of indivisibility in the more general context of-free homogeneous hypergraphs. We will derive a general necessary condition for a homogeneous structure to be indivisible and prove that all-free hypergraphs for K _k with 3 are indivisible. The-free hypergraphs with K _k ² satisfy a weaker form of indivisibility which was first shown by Henson [2] to hold forH _n . The general necessary condition for homogeneous structures to be indivisible will then be used to show that not all-free homogeneous hypergraphs are indivisible.This research has been supported by NSERC grant 69–1325.     

Study of a filtration expanded to include an honest time

Summary Let (,, P) be a measurable space, and { _t} be a filtration on (,). Then, given a fixed honest timeL a new filtrationG _t} is defined, the smallest containing { _t} and for whichL is a stopping time, and the martingales, semimartingales and stopping times of this new filtration are characterised.     

On the homogeneous Riemannian structures of type ℐ1⊕ℐ3

We study homogeneous Riemannian structures belonging to the class ₁₃ of the classification given by Tricerri and Vanhecke. The main result is the following: a connected, simply connected Riemannian manifoldM admits a homogeneous structureT of type ₁₃,T₃, if and only ifM is isometric to a hyperbolic space ⁿ .This work was partially supported by M.P.I.     

A gaussian central limit theorem for trimmed products on simply connected step 2-Nilpotent Lie groups

A limit theorem due to J. Kuelbs and M. Ledoux, valid for dilatation-stable laws on type 2-Banach spaces, is carried over to stable laws on simply connected step 2-nilpotent Lie groupsG. We show that for products of i.i.d. random variables in the of attraction of a nondegenerate semigroup onG, where is a one-parameter automorphism group acting contracting onG, a certain intermediate trimming procedure, together with a suitable norming, always yields a nondegenerate centered Gaussian limit.     

Realizations of regular polytopes

Let be a finite regular incidence-polytope. A realization of is given by an imageV of its vertices under a mapping into some euclidean space, which is such that every element of the automorphism group () of induces an isometry ofV. It is shown in this paper that the family of all possible realizations (up to congruence) of forms, in a natural way, a closed convex cone, which is also denoted by The dimensionr of is the number of equivalence classes under () of diagonals of , and is also the number of unions of double cosets ^{** *–1*} ( ^*), where ^* is the subgroup of () which fixes some given vertex of . The fine structure of corresponds to the irreducible orthogonal representations of (). IfG is such a representation, let its degree bed _G , and let the subgroup ofG corresponding to ^* have a fixed space of dimensionw _G . Then the relations

On the geometric structure of independence systems

A bouquet of matroids is a combinatorial structure that generalizes the properties of matroids. Given an independence system, there exist several bouquets of matroids having the same family of independent sets. We show that the collection of these geometries forms in general a meet semi-lattice and, in some cases, a lattice (for instance, when is the family of the stable sets in a graph). Moreover, one of the bouquets that correspond to the highest elements in the meet semi-lattice provides the smallest decomposition of into matroidal families, such that the rank functions of the different matroids have the same values for common sets. In the last section, we give sharp bounds on the performance of the greedy algorithm, using parameters of some special bouquets in the semi-lattice.     

Complements to ‘The Bruhat order on symmetric varieties’

We give several complements to the paper The Bruhat order on symmetric varieties. Our main result shows that the partial order on the set of twisted involutions in the Weyl groupW, which was introduced in the earlier paper, agrees with the partial order on induced by the usual Bruhat order onW.R. W. Richardson died on 15 June. 1993.     

The Terwilliger algebras of certain association schemes over the Galois rings of characteristic 4

In a cyclotomic scheme over a finite field, there are some relations between the irreducible modules of the Terwilliger algebra and the Jacobi sums over the field. These relations were investigated in [3]. In this paper, we replace the finite field by a commutative local ring which is called a Galois ring of characteristic 4. Hence we want to find similar relations between the irreducible modules of the Terwilliger algebra and the Jacobi sums over the local ring. Specifically, if we let be a Galois ring of characteristic 4,X a cyclotomic scheme over with classD and the Terwilliger algebra ofX, then we show that most of the irreducible -modules have standard forms; otherwise, certain relations of the Jacobi sums hold. When the classD is three, we can completely determine the irreducible -modules using Jacobi sums.     

Modules over matrix near-rings and the ℐ0-radical

This paper clears up some questions concerning type 0 modules over matrix near-rings and the ₀-radical in matrix near-rings. It is shown that, unlike in the type 2 case, type 0 modules over matrix near-rings may arise in several non-isomorphic ways. As a result, we do not always have the same nice relationship between the ₀-radicals of a near-ring and the corresponding matrix near-ring, as we do for the ₂-radical. All near-rings concerned are zero-symmetric with identity element.     

Une variante à la Coxeter du groupe de Steinberg

LetG _n ()be the semi-direct product of the symmetric groupS _n by the Steinberg groupSt _n ()of a ringWe first prove thatG _n ()has a Coxeter-type presentation. The canonical morphism St _n () GL _n ()extends to a group homo G_n() GL _n ()We next determine the kernel of for n = We also give an expression for the generator of the algebraic K group K ₂(Z)of the integers in terms of permutation matrices.     

A graded scale of parametric families of distributions,and parameter estimates based on the sample mean

Summary Denote by _k a class of familiesP={P} of distributions on the line R¹ depending on a general scalar parameter , being an interval of R¹, and such that the moments µ₁()=xdP ,...,µ_2k ()=x ^2k dP are finite, ₁ (), ..., _k (), _k+1 () ..., _k () exist and are continuous, with ₁ () 0, and _j +1 ()= ₁ () _j () +[₂() -₁()²] _j ()/ ₁ (), J=2, ..., k. Let ₁=¯x=x ₁ + ... +x _n/n, ₂=x ₁ ² + ... +x _n ²/n, ..., _k =(x ₁ ^k + ... +x _n ^k/n denote the sample moments constructed for a sample x₁, ..., x_n from a population with distribution Pg. We prove that the estimator of the parameter by the method of moments determined from the equation ₁= ₁() and depending on the observations x₁, ..., x_n only via the sample mean ¯x is asymptotically admissible (and optimal) in the class _k of the estimators determined by the estimator equations of the form ₀ () + ₁ () ₁ + ... + _k () _k =0 if and only ifP _k .The asymptotic admissibility (respectively, optimality) means that the variance of the limit, as n (normal) distribution of an estimator normalized in a standard way is less than the same characteristic for any estimator in the class under consideration for at least one 9 (respectively, for every ).The scales arise of classes _{1 2}... of parametric families and of classes _{1 2} ... of estimators related so that the asymptotic admissibility of an estimator by the method of moments in the class _k is equivalent to the membership of the familyP in the class _k .The intersection consists only of the families of distributions with densities of the form h(x) exp {C₀() + C₁() x } when for the latter the problem of moments is definite, that is, there is no other family with the same moments ₁ (), ₂ (), ...Such scales in the problem of estimating the location parameter were predicted by Linnik about 20 years ago and were constructed by the author in [1] (see also [2, 3]) in exact, not asymptotic, formulation.Translated from Problemy Ustoichivosti Stokhasticheskikh Modelei, pp. 41–47, 1981.     

Identical relations for the forms with a Young symmetry

Let there be given a Young symmetrizere . Consider the space of multilinear forms obtained by actione . In the paper the characteristic property in terms of identities is found for a multilinear form to belong to this space. This property is analogous to the well-known identities for the cases of the spaces of the symmetric and skew-symmetric forms. In addition, a generalization of Garnir identities is obtained.     

Homotopy types for tamely approximable Sobolev maps between manifolds

We define a class ^p (M,N) of Sobolev maps from a manifoldM into a manifoldN, in such a way that each mapu ^p (M, N) has a well defined [p]-homotopy type, providedN satisfies a topological hypothesis. Using this, we prove the existence of minimizers in [p]-homotopy classes for some polyconvex variational problems.     

Bourbaki spaces of topological groups

A study is presented of the relationship between the topological and uniformity properties of a group G and the spaces (G), (G) of all nonempty closed subsets and closed subgroups of G. A base for the neighborhood system of a closed subset X of G is formed by the sets S(X, U)={Y Y XU, X YU}, where U ranges over all neighborhoods of the identity in G. Criteria are obtained for the space (G) and some of its subspaces to be totally bounded and locally totally bounded. Some classes of groups with compact spaces (G) are described. It is proved that the spaces (G), (G) are complete in the case of projective metrizable groups G.Translated from Ukrainskii Matematicheskii Zhurnal, Vol. 42, No. 4, pp. 542–549, April, 1990.     

Rep-tiling Euclidean space

Summary Arep-tiling is a self replicating, lattice tiling ofR ⁿ .Lattice tiling means a tiling by translates of a single compact tile by the points of a lattice, andself-replicating means that there is a non-singular linear mapø: R ⁿ Rⁿ such that, for eachT , the imageø(T) is, in turn, tiled by . This topic has recently come under investigation, not only because of its recreational appeal, but because of its application to the theory of wavelets and to computer addressing. The paper presents an exposition of some recent results on rep-tiling, including a construction of essentially all rep-tilings of Euclidean space. The construction is based on radix representation of points of a lattice. One particular radix representation, called thegeneralized balanced ternary, is singled out as an example because of its relevance to the field of computer vision.     

The Bellman equation for time-optimal control of noncontrollable,nonlinear systems

For a general nonlinear system and closed target set we study the value functions and of the control problems of reaching and, respectively, its interior, in minimum time. Under no controllability assumptions on the system, we characterize them as, respectively, the minimal viscosity supersolution and the maximal viscosity subsolution of the Bellman equation with appropriate boundary conditions. Then we prove that is the unique upper semicontinuous complete solution of such a boundary value problem, which means in particular that the (completed) graph of contains the graph of any solution, as well as all the limits of reasonable approximating sequences. We give some applications to verifications theorems and to the stability of the minimum time function with respect to general perturbations.The authors are partially supported by the Italian National Projects Equazioni di evoluzione e applicazioni fisico-matematiche and Equazioni differenziali e calcolo delle variazioni, respectively.     

On representing contexts in line arrangements

Acontext is defined to be a triple (G, M, J) of setsG, M and an incidence relationJ G×M.A finite set ofn oriented lines in general position in the euclidean plane induces a cell decomposition of the plane. For a givenk-element subset of cells of dimension 2, we define an incidence relationJ × as follows:t _i andl _j are incident if and only ift _i lies on the positive side with respect tol _j .We call a context (G, M, J)represented in a line arrangement if and only if there are relation preserving bijections betweenG and ,M and , respectively. We study conditions for a context to be representable in a line arrangement.Especially, we provide a non-trivial infinite class of contexts which can not be represented in a line arrangement.     

A lower bound for n-diameters

Let D be a subset of the s-dimensional lattice Z^S, M=M(D) the number of elements in D, _Dthe space of trigonometric polynomials on the torus T^S with spectrum concentrated in D and having unit norm in L₂(T^S). In this paper we give the following bound for the Gel'fand diameter:d ⁿ( _D,C(T^s))M/2–N/2. This bound is subsequently used for actual functional classes.Translated from Matematicheskie Zametki, Vol. 12, No. 4, pp. 413–419, October, 1972.