AgDDC光度法测定砷的探讨

砷是环保、卫生防疫等部门的一个重要分析项目。目前 ,Ag DDC光度法测定砷用得比较普遍。1　试验部分1 .1　仪器与试剂72 2分光光度计 ;1 0 0 ml测砷装置氯化亚锡溶液 :40 0 g·L-1碘化钾溶液 :1 50 g· L-1吸收液及以上试剂按文献 [1 ]配制砷标准溶液 (国家一级标准物质 GBW0 861 1 ) :1 mg· ml-1;砷中间液 :1 0 .0μg· ml-1;砷工作液 :1 .0 0μg· ml-1。无砷锌粒甲 :1 0～ 2 0目无砷锌粒乙 :颗粒较大 ,约绿豆大小。1 .2　试验方法在砷化氢发生瓶中加入砷工作液 (或水样适量 ) ,加水至 50 ml。分别加入浓硫酸 4ml,碘化钾溶液 4ml和…     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行——第四讲 金属材料中钛的测定（续）

(2)过氧化氢光度法测定铝合金钛含量(摘自美国ASTM标准E34-68,在之后修订的标准中钛的测定已改为二安替比林甲烷光度法)适用范围:铝合金测定范围:w(Ti)0.01%～0.50%方法提要:称取0.300～1.000g试样(估计含钛0.15～3.0mg),置于400ml烧杯中,分次加入200g·L-1氢氧化钠溶液30ml,待剧烈反应趋于平静时加入硫酸硝酸混合酸[硝酸(1+5)300ml与硫酸(1+1)700ml混合]50ml使溶液酸化,温热使盐类溶解并驱除黄烟,冷却,将溶液移入100ml容量瓶中,加水稀释至标线,摇匀。用紧质滤干过滤,弃去最初流出的几毫升滤液。保留滤液25ml作为参比溶液。在剩余的…     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行——第四讲 金属材料中钛的测定（续）

(2)高纯铝(纯度99.99%)中痕量钛的测定(摘自上海材料研究所1964年研究报告)适用范围:高纯铝测定范围:w(Ti)0.001%～0.010%方法提要:①试样的溶解及钛的分离　称取试样1 000～2 000g,置于聚四氟乙烯烧杯中,按每克试样6g氢氧化钠的比例加入氢氧化钠后分次加入水10ml,待自发溶解反应缓慢时加热至试样溶解完全,加水稀释至约200ml,加入铁溶液(ρFe5mg·ml-1)4ml,充分搅拌,加热至沸并保温约30min,冷却,过滤,用10g·L-1氢氧化钠溶液洗涤烧杯及沉淀。弃去滤液。分次用热盐酸(1+3)20ml将沉淀从滤纸上溶解并接受于原烧杯中。必要时在稀盐酸中加…     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行第四讲金属材料中钛的测定(续)

2.4　铝钛中间合金中钛的测定(此方法由上海材料研究化学分析研究室提供)测定范围:w(Ti)≥1%方法提要:试样0.5000g,置于500ml锥形瓶中,加入盐酸(1+1)20ml,作用缓慢时加热至试样全溶,滴加过氧化氢(ρ1.11g·ml-1)3～5滴,煮沸。如溶液不清,过滤至另个500ml锥形瓶中,用盐酸(5+95)洗涤沉淀及滤纸。如沉淀中有不溶性钛的化合物存在,须将沉淀及滤纸置于铂坩埚中灰化,用焦硫酸钾熔融,熔块用稀硫酸浸出后并入于主液中。加硫酸(ρ1.84g·ml-1)5ml,加热蒸发至冒硫酸烟,冷却,加盐酸(1+1)100ml,加热溶解盐类,加水至约150ml,加入碳酸氢钠2g和铝片2g,随即…     

吸光光度法同时测定硝酸铋中铜和银

硝酸铋制成后测定杂质的含量是鉴定纯度的一个重要环节。杂质铜和银的含量直接影响硝酸铋的纯度。在文献[1,2]中,以KIO4显色光度法分别测定了铜和银,本文研究了0.1～0.4mol·L-1KOH介质中,以KIO4显色光度法同时测定硝酸铋中铜和银,结果满意。1　试验部分1.1　主要仪器与试剂756MC紫外可见分光光度计Cu2+标准溶液:1mg·ml-1,称取CuSO4·H2O1.9644g于烧杯中,加水溶解后,再加几滴硫酸,定容于500ml容量瓶中。使用时逐级稀释成10μg·ml-1工作液。Ag+标准溶液:1mg·ml-1,称取AgNO31.5743g配成,使用时稀释成10μg·ml-1工作液。KIO4…     

铅(Ⅱ)-DBONBF-CTMAB吸光光度法测定铅

邻硝基苯基荧光酮属于三羟基荧光酮显色剂,已用于多种元素的光度分析[1]。本文对其衍生物4,5 二溴邻硝基苯基荧光酮(DBONBF)与铅(Ⅱ)的反应进行了研究。试验表明,该反应的灵敏度较高(ε可达1.6×105L·mol-1·cm-1),体系的选择性与稳定性较好,可用于工业废水中铅的测定。1　试验部分1.1　试剂与仪器铅标准溶液:1.0g·L-1,10μg·ml-1DBONBF乙醇溶液(AR级):0.4g·L-1CTMAB溶液:2g·L-1NH3 NH4Cl缓冲溶液:pH9.6721型分光光度计(上海第三分析仪器厂)1.2　试验方法于25ml容量瓶中加入含10μg铅的标准溶液,再依次加入DBONBF乙…     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行第三讲钢铁中钼的测定(续)

2 .11　钢铁中钼的原子吸收光谱测定法 (摘自ГОСТ12 35 4- 81)适用范围 :合金钢、高合金钢测定范围 :0 .0 1% 5 .0 0 %方法提要 :(a)试样溶解 :称取 0 .5 0 0 0g试样 ,置于 2 5 0ml烧杯中 ,加入盐酸 硝酸 (3+ 1)混合酸 30ml ,加热溶解 ,再加硫磷混合酸 (每升溶液中含浓硫酸 15 0ml及浓磷酸 15 0ml) 30ml,蒸发至冒硫酸烟 ,冷却 ,加水4 0ml,加热溶解盐类 ,冷却 ,移入 10 0ml容量瓶中 ,加水至刻度 ,摇匀。如溶液呈混浊 ,则用干滤纸过滤 ,弃去初始的滤液。(b)测定溶液的准备 :根据试样含钼量的高低从 (a)节的澄清滤液中分取部分试液 ,置于 …     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行——第四讲 金属材料中钛的测定（续）

(1)变色酸光度法测定钛量(摘自GB/T223 16-1991)适用范围:生铁、碳钢等铁基合金测定范围:w(Ti)0.010%～2.50%方法提要:①试样溶解　按表19所示称取试样并置于250ml锥形瓶中,加入HCl HNO3(3+1)混合酸20～30ml,加热溶解试样。含硅高的试样,在溶解时向溶液中滴加氢氟酸(ρ1.15g·ml-1)数滴助溶。高碳钢试样则需加入高氯酸(ρ1.67g·ml-1)3～5ml。待溶解完全后加入硫酸(1+1)10ml,加热蒸发至冒硫酸烟。如在溶样时曾滴入氢氟酸助熔,须将溶液冷却,用水冲洗锥形瓶内壁后再冒烟一次。表19　试样称取量及试液分取量Tab.19　Massofsampleandal…     

金属材料分析方法的选择和施行：第五讲 金属材料中钨的测定（续）

(2)显色反应要求的酸度钨(Ⅴ)与硫氰酸盐的显色反应宜在较强的盐酸介质中进行。在按方法的溶样条件下,所进行的盐酸对显色反应的影响的试验结果表明,盐酸浓度低于c(HCl)=3 mol·L-1,显色反应速度缓慢,且钼(Ⅴ)的干扰严重,钨(Ⅴ)显色反应的灵敏度也稍低;盐酸浓度大于4.5 mol·L-1,经10 min显色反应可完成,而盐酸浓度达6.0 mol·L-1,经8~10 min显色即完成且灵敏度也比其他较低酸度时略高。按所引方法操作时显色溶液中盐酸浓度约为5 mol·L-1。过高的盐酸浓度(大于6.5 mol·L-1)容易使硫氰酸盐分解,对显色反应不利。(3)钨(Ⅵ)的还原剂与硫氰…     

流动注射在线微柱预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铂

研究了流动注射在线微柱分离 预富集火焰原子吸收光谱法测定痕量铂的新体系。以α 氨基吡啶树脂作预富集试剂 ,以 2mol·L-1HCl + 0 .3mol·L-1NaClO4 混合液作洗脱剂。当进样体积为 15 .2ml,洗脱液体积为 0 .2 7ml时 ,浓集效率达 30倍 ,采样频率 2 8次·h-1。该方法检出限 (3σ)5 .2 μg·L-1,RSD为 1.4 % (n =11,1μg·ml-1铂 )     

Generation and detection of levuglandins and isolevuglandins in vitro and in vivo

Levuglandins (LGs) and isolevuglandins (isoLGs), formed by rearrangement of endoperoxide intermediates generated through the cyclooxygenase and free radical induced oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), are extraordinarily reactive, forming covalent adducts incorporating protein lysyl ε-amino groups. Because they accumulate, these adducts provide a dosimeter of oxidative injury. This review provides an updated and comprehensive overview of the generation of LG/isoLG in vitro and in vivo and the detection methods for the adducts of LG/isoLG and biological molecules in vivo.     

Enthalpies of solution of purine and adenine in water and in dimethylsulfoxide

Journal of Solution Chemistry - Enthalpies of solution of purine and adenine in water and in demethylsulfoxide were measured calorimetrically in the temperature range 25–40°C. ΔH s...     

Coassembly of Nanorods and Nanospheres in Suspensions and in Stratified Films

The entropically driven coassembly of nanorods (cellulose nanocrystals, CNCs) and nanospheres (dye‐labeled spherical latex nanoparticles, NPs) was studied in aqueous suspensions and in solid films. In mixed CNC‐latex suspensions, phase separation into an isotropic latex‐NP‐rich and a chiral nematic CNC‐rich phase took place; the latter contained a significant amount of latex NPs. Drying the mixed suspension resulted in CNC‐latex films with planar disordered layers of latex NPs, which alternated with chiral nematic CNC‐rich regions. In addition, fluorescent latex NPs were embedded in the chiral nematic domains. The stratified morphology of the films, together with a random distribution of latex NPs in the anisotropic phase, led to the films having close‐to‐uniform fluorescence, birefringence, and circular dichroism properties.     

Determination of diazepam and nordazepam in milk and plasma in the presence of oxazepam and temazepam

For studies on the excretion of drugs into milk a sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic assay was developed to quantitate diazepam and nordazepam in the milk and plasma of humans and rabbits in the presence of their major metabolites, oxazepam and temazepam. Flurazepam was used as an internal standard. The assay involves extractions with diethyl ether and an additional acid clean-up step. Chromatographic separation was achieved by a LiChrospher 60 RP-select B (5 microns) column and KH2PO4- acetonitrile (69:31, v/v) adjusted to pH 2.80 as a mobile phase. The same extraction and chromatographic conditions were suited to both types of samples, milk and plasma. The limits of determination using ultraviolet detection at 241 nm was for diazepam 20 ng/ml and for nordazepam 15 ng/ml. The absolute recoveries of diazepam, nordazepam and flurazepam in human milk were 84, 86 and 92% and in human plasma 97, 89 and 94%, respectively. The within- and between-day accuracy and precision for diazepam and nordazepam in milk and plasma at all concentrations tested (20-1500 ng/ml) were better than 8%. The high fat content which occurs in rabbit milk presented no limitation for the extraction of lipophilic diazepam: the method was successfully used to monitor milk and plasma concentrations of diazepam and nordazepam in lactating New Zealand White rabbits during 26-h infusions of diazepam (1.4 mg/h).     

Comparison and correlation of in vitro, in vivo and in silico evaluations of alpha, beta and gamma cyclodextrin complexes of curcumin

In the present study investigated the effect of curcumin (CUR) alpha (α), beta (β) and gamma (γ) cyclodextrin (CD) complexes on its solubility and bioavailability. CUR the active principle of turmeric is a natural antioxidant agent with potent anti-inflammatory activity along with chemotherapeutic and chemopreventive properties. Poor solubility and poor oral bioavailability are the main reasons which preclude CUR use in therapy. Extent of complexation was β-CD complex (82 %) > γ-CD (71 %) > α-CD (65 %). Pulverization method resulted in significant enhancement of CUR (0.002 mg/ml) solubility with CUR α-CD complex (0.364 mg/ml) > CUR β-CD complex (0.186 mg/ml) > CUR γ-CD complex (0.068 mg/ml). Gibbs-free energy and in silico molecular docking studies favour formation of α-CD complex > β-CD complex > γ-CD complex. With reference to CUR, relative bioavailability of CUR α-CD, CUR β-CD and CUR γ-CD complexes were 460, 365 and 99 % respectively. CUR–CD complexes exhibited increased bioavailability with an increase in t_½, tmax, Cmax, AUC, Ka, and MRT; and a decrease in Ke, clearance and Vd values. AUC increase was CUR α-CD complex > CUR β-CD complex > CUR γ-CD complex. Significant difference (p < 0.05) was observed between CUR α-CD complex and CUR γ-CD complex by one-way ANOVA and Dunnett’s post hoc test for multiple comparison analysis. Correlation observed between in vitro, in vivo and in silico methods indicates potential of in silico and in vitro methods in CD selection.     

Electrochemical Fluorination of Benzamide and Acetanilide in Anhydrous HF and in Acetonitrile

Electrochemical fluorination of benzamide in anhydrous hydrogen fluoride does not involve the amide group but occurs exclusively at the aromatic ring, yielding isomeric fluoro- and difluorobenzamides and 3,3,6,6-tetrafluoro-1,4-cyclohexadienecarboxamide. Electrochemical fluorination of benzamide in acetonitrile as solvent gives the same products, as well as benzonitrile and its fluorinated derivatives and products of hydrolysis and fluorination of acetonitrile. Electrochemical fluorination of acetanilide in anhydrous HF leads to complete tarring of the reaction mixture, while its fluorination in acetonitrile results in selective formation of m-fluoroacetanilide.     

Structure of dimethoxyamine in the crystalline and gaseous phases and in solution

Conclusions It has been established by the methods of x-ray diffraction analysis and electron diffraction analysis and measurements of the dipole moments and the birefringence that in the crystalline and gaseous phases, as well as in solution, N,N-dimethoxyamine has a gauche-gauche conformation, which is stipulated by a stabilizing nO-N-O* orbital interaction. The geometric parameters of the molecule have been determined.Translated from Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR, Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 2235–2242, October, 1986.