Sb在Pt(100),Pt(110),Pt(111)及Pt(320)上不可逆吸附的电化学特性

研究了Sb在Pt(1 0 0 ) ,Pt(1 1 0 ) ,Pt(1 1 1 )和Pt(32 0 )单晶面上不可逆吸附的电化学特性 .发现当扫描电位的上限Eu≤ 0 .45V时 ,Sbad可以稳定地吸附在Pt(1 0 0 ) ,Pt(1 1 0 )和Pt(1 1 1 )表面 ,而Sbad在Pt(32 0 )表面稳定的电位较低 ,为Eu≤ 0 .40V .从饱和吸附Sb的铂单晶电极出发 ,通过改变电位扫描上限Eu 和电位扫描圈数可以获得不同Sb覆盖度 (θSb)的电极 .根据Sb和H在铂单晶电极表面共吸附的定量数据 ,对Sb在不同铂单晶面上饱和吸附的模型进行了初步探讨 .     

THE ELECTRONIC STATE OF Pt ON Pt/L ZEOLITE CATALYST

The effect of the alkali metal cation modification on the aromatization of n-C6 over Pt/ML zeolite catalysts (M=Li. Na. K. Rb) was studied. The results showed that the selectivity for aromati/ation of n-C6 over Pt/MI, increased as the basicity of the alkali cation increased. According to PASCA experiments, dispersed Pt particles were located on the "electron-donation" site of L zeolite XPS measurements further evidenced that a stronger hasicitv of the mouifving canon contributed more electron donation to Pt particles on the surface of 1, zeolite, and shifted the electron binding energy of Pt 4f to lower energies On the other hand, the electron binding energy of Pt 4f in Pt/ML zeolite after reduction was lower than that of Pt0 It is proposed that Pt particles in reduced samples may exist as a Ptδ- state. Moreover, the selectivity for aromatization of aikane was improved since the Ptδ- state was less active to extensive dehvdrogenation of aikane. Ptδ- stale may be presented in the reduced phase of the     

Variance of Solid-state Pt···Pt Interactions in Luminescent Cyclometalated Cationic Pt(Ⅱ)-isocyanide Complexes

Polymorphic structures of cyclometalated cationic Pt(Ⅱ)-isocyanide complexes(–)-1 [Pt((-)-NNC)(Dmpi)]Cl with different packing modes can be isolated before. In this paper, a series of solid-state powders with variable colors(yellow, orange and red) have been obtained from the evaporation of complex(–)-1 in different solvents. The crystallinity, thermogravimetric properties, absorption, luminescence and excited state lifetimes have been studied. In addition, intermolecular Pt···Pt interactions in the optimized configurations of different aggregates have been explored, and calculations of frontier molecular orbitals of monomer, dimer, trimer and tetramer have been carried out.     

Pt/C和Pt/CNTs电极的电化学稳定性研究

采用恒电位氧化法研究了Pt/C和Pt/CNTs电极的电化学稳定性. 相同条件下, Pt/C电极的氧化电流大约为Pt/CNTs电极的2倍; 120 h氧化后, Pt/C电极Pt的电化学表面积下降了21.3%, 而Pt/CNTs电极仅下降了7.6%, 表明Pt/CNTs电极性能衰减较慢. X射线光电子能谱(XPS)分析表明, Pt/C的载体碳黑表面氧增加量大于Pt/CNTs中碳纳米管(CNTs)表面氧的增加量, 说明碳黑的被氧化程度较高, 电化学稳定性差; Pt的表面化学状态没有发生变化; 碳纳米管本身的抗电化学氧化性也大于碳黑. 所以, 载体的被氧化程度不同是两种电极性能衰减不同的主要原因之一, 并且排除了Pt表面状态的影响.     

Pt基电催化材料*

Pt是重要的电催化材料,广泛应用于燃料电池等能源领域。本文综述了近年Pt基电催化材料的研究进展,特别是在直接甲醇燃料电池等能源领域的研究进展,主要包括材料的制备方法、组成、结构、分散特性以及电催化性能等,并对各种制备方法进行了比较,展望了该研究领域的未来发展方向。     

Synthesis,characterization and electrocatalytic activity for ethanol oxidation of carbon supported Pt,Pt–Rh,Pt–SnO2 and Pt–Rh–SnO2 nanoclusters

Nanoclusters of Pt, Pt–Rh, Pt–SnO₂ and Pt–Rh–SnO₂ were successfully synthesized by polyol method and deposited on high-area carbon. HRTEM and XRD analysis revealed two phases in the ternary Pt–Rh–SnO₂/C catalyst: solid solution of Rh in Pt and SnO₂. The activity of Pt–Rh–SnO₂/C for ethanol oxidation was found to be much higher than Pt/C and Pt–Rh/C and also superior to Pt–SnO₂/C. Quasi steady-state measurements at various temperatures (30–60 °C), ethanol concentrations (0.01–1 M) and H₂SO₄ concentrations (0.02–0.5 M) showed that Pt–Rh–SnO₂/C is about 20 times more active than Pt/C in the potential range of interest for the fuel cell application.     

Pt皮肤的Pt基双金属电催化的氧还原设计（英文）

过去几十年,能源储存转化领域取得重大的进展,而Pt皮肤的Pt基双金属电催化剂在调控电催化剂的电子结构具有巨大的前景,特别是对于氧还原反应而言.本工作主要综述了最近几年关于Pt皮肤的Pt基双金属电催化剂的设计制备以及其性能.本文的主要重点在于系统地综述了Pt皮肤的Pt基双金属电催化剂的合成方法,以及其对于氧还原反应的机理研究.     

Study of Hydrogen Adsorption on Pt/WO3-ZrO2 through Pt Sites

The rate determining step and the energy barrier involved in hydrogen adsorption on Pt/WO_3- ZrO_2 were studied based on the assumption that the hydrogen adsorption occurs only through Pt sites. The rate of hydrogen adsorption on Pt/WO_3-ZrO_2 was measured in the adsorption temperature range of 323-573 K and an initial hydrogen pressure of 50 Torr.The rates of hydrogen uptake were very high for the initial few minutes and the adsorption continued for more than 5 h below 523 K.The hydrogen uptake far exceeded the H/Pt ratio of unity for all adsorption temperatures,indicating that the adsorption of hydrogen involved the dissociative adsorption of hydrogen on Pt sites to form hydrogen atoms,the spillover of hydrogen atoms onto the surface of the WO_3-ZrO2 catalyst,the diffusion of spiltover hydrogen atom over the surface of the WO_3-ZrO_2 catalyst,and the formation of protonic acid site originated from hydrogen atom by releasing an electron in which the electron may react with a second hydrogen atom to form a hydride near the Lewis acid site.The rate determining step was the spillover with the activation energy of 12.3 kJ/mol.The rate of hydrogen adsorption cannot be expressed by the rate equation based on the assumption that the rate determining step is the surface diffusion.The activity of Pt/WO_3-ZrO_2 was examined on n-heptane isomerization in which the increase of hydrogen partial pressure provided positive-effect on the conversion of n-heptane and negative-effect on the selectivity towards iso-heptane.     

Controlling Pt nanoparticle formation through Se···Pt interactions on the electrode surface

We show that interactions between the electrode surface and the transition metal during the initial step of metal nanoparticle formation can be utilized to control the formation and size of metal nanoparticles deposited on a conducting surface. Pt nanoparticles formed on the PEDOS surface are of smaller size compared to the PEDOT surface.     

氢原子在Pt及Pt系双金属催化表面吸附的密度泛函理论研究

采用密度泛函理论(dFT)考察了Pt(100)、(110)、(111)三种表面氢原子的吸附行为, 计算了覆盖度为0.25 ML时氢原子在Pt 三种表面和M-Pt(111)双金属(M=Al, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Pd)上的最稳定吸附位、表面能以及吸附前后金属表面原子层间弛豫情况. 分析了氢原子在不同双金属表面吸附前后的局域态密度变化以及双金属表面d 带中心偏离费米能级的程度并与氢吸附能进行了关联. 计算结果表明, 在Pt(100), Pt(110)和Pt(111)表面, 氢原子的稳定吸附位分别为桥位、短桥位和fcc 穴位. 三种表面中以Pt(111)的表面能最低, 结构最稳定. 氢原子在不同M-Pt(111)双金属表面上的最稳定吸附位均为fcc 穴位, 其中在Ni-Pt 双金属表面的吸附能最低, Co-Pt 次之. 表明氢原子在Ni-Pt 和Co-Pt 双金属表面的吸附最稳定. 通过对氢原子在M-Pt(111)双金属表面吸附前后的局域态密度变化的分析, 验证了氢原子吸附能计算结果的准确性. 掺杂金属Ni、Co、Fe 的3d-Pt(111)双金属表面在吸附氢原子后发生弛豫, 第一层和第二层金属原子均不同程度地向外膨胀. 此外, 3d金属的掺入使得其对应的M-Pt(111)双金属表面d带中心与Pt 相比更靠近费米能级, 吸附氢原子能力增强, 表明3d-Pt系双金属表面有可能比Pt具有更好的脱氢活性.     

负载型Pt/C催化剂的制备条件对Pt晶粒尺寸的影响

纳米级催化剂;浸渍还原法;晶粒结构;负载型Pt/C催化剂的制备条件对Pt晶粒尺寸的影响     

PS-b-PEO模板法制备Pt纳米线

以PS-b-PEO纳米孔膜为基体电极,采用电沉积技术制备了Pt纳米线,用扫描电化学显微镜(SECM)、扫描电镜(SEM)和X-射线能谱(EDS)分析法表征了基体电极和Pt纳米线。利用循环伏安法考察了Pt纳米线的电化学性能。实验结果表明,Pt纳米线对甲酸氧化表现出优异的电催化活性。此外,Pt纳米线具有良好的稳定性和重现性,可望用于实际样品中甲酸的测定。     

Studies of surface processes of electrocatalytic reduction of CO_2 on Pt(210), Pt(310) and Pt(510)

Surface processes of CO2 reduction on Pt(210), Pt(310), and Pt(510) electrodes were studied by cyclic voltammetry. Different surface structures of these platinum single crystal electrodes were obtained by various treatment conditions. The experimental results illustrated that the electrocatalytic activity of Pt single crystal electrodes towards CO2 reduction is decreased in an order of Pt(210)>Pt(310)>Pt(510), i.e., with the decrease of (110) step density on well-defined surfaces. When the surfaces were reconstructed due to oxygen adsorption, the catalytic activity of all the three electrodes has been enhanced to a cer- tain extent. Although the activity order remains unchanged, the electrocatalytic activity has been en- hanced more significantly as the density of (110) step sites is more intensive on the Pt single crystal surface. It has revealed that the more open the surface structure is, the more active the Pt single crystal electrode will be, and the easier for the electrode to be transformed into a surface structure that exhib- its higher activity under external inductions. However, the relatively ordered surfaces of Pt single crystal electrode are comparatively stable under the same external inductions. The present study has gained knowledge on the interaction between CO2 and Pt single crystal electrode surfaces at a micro- scopic level, and thrown new insight into understanding the surface processes of electrocatalytic re- duction of CO2.     

Pt2+/Pt0掺杂g-C3N4光催化降解环丙沙星和偶氮染料

以三聚氰胺和氯铂酸(H2PtCl6·6H2O)为原材料,采用简单一步煅烧法制备了不同含量的Pt^2+/Pt^0掺杂石墨相氮化碳(Pt^2+/Pt^0-CN)。运用扫描电镜、透射电子显微镜、X射线光电子能谱、X射线粉末衍射、N2物理吸附-脱附、紫外-可见漫反射光谱和光电流测试等技术对制备的样品的形貌、化学组成、晶体结构、比表面积和光电性能等物理化学性质进行了表征。由XPS可知Pt粒子以二价Pt和零价Pt掺杂在催化剂的表面和内部,其中Pt^0与Pt^2+的比约为1∶7.26。与g-C3N4相比,Pt^2+/Pt^0-CN表现出高效的光催化降解活性。当Pt^2+/Pt^0理论负载质量分数为0.02%时,对环丙沙星、罗丹明B、酸性橙Ⅱ、甲基橙和亚甲基蓝的降解效率分别提升了43%、64%、39%、42%和52%。Pt^2+/Pt0掺杂使催化剂的比表面积大幅度增加,同时增强光催化剂对光的吸收能力,并抑制光生电子(e^-)和空穴(h^+)的复合。     

壳聚糖修饰的Pt纳米粒子

以氯铂酸为前驱体,硼氢化钠为还原剂,壳聚糖为保护剂,通过化学还原法,在室温条件下制备了Pt纳米粒子.透射电镜(TEM)显示纳米粒子的粒径在28.5nm左右,X-射线衍射(XRD)表明纳米粒子的晶型为面心立方结构,X-光电子能谱(XPS)和红外(FTIR)证实了壳聚糖包覆在纳米粒子表面,热重分析(TGA)表明纳米粒子表面的壳聚糖含量大约为52.8％.     

Pt－Mo／Al_2O_3和Pt－Co－Mo／Al_2O_3催化剂中Pt、Co助

利用ＴＰＲ、Ｈ_２－ＴＰＤ技术，考察了氢气氛下的Ｐｔ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３和Ｐｔ－Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３催化体系中物种和电荷交换的现象和规律，揭示了Ｐｔ和Ｃｏ在表面Ｍｏ物种还原过程中助剂作用的本质．Ｐｔ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３的ＴＰＲ、Ｈ_２－ＴＰＤ结果证明，由于微量Ｐｔ参与了表面Ｍｏ物种还原时的物种和电子交换，有效地降低了其还原温度．Ｒｔ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ_２Ｏ_３在氢还原过程中，氢和Ｍｏ容易形成载有活动氢的氢物种，并储存在催化剂表面，这种活动氢在Ａｒ中，甚至Ａｒ－Ｈ２混合气中可以释放出来。Ｐｔ－Ｃｏ－Ｍｏ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３的研究结果表明，Ｃｏ可以进一步促进Ｍｏ的还原．在样品预还原过程中，氢和Ｃｏ可以形成氢物种，其上的氢具有更强的可动性，很容易溢流到Ｍｏ物种的边上促进其还原．根据以上规律可以推测，加氢脱硫催化剂中Ｃｏ和贵金属的作用是使催化剂更容易形成低价的配位不饱和的钼中心，也就是ＨＤＳ活性中心．     

Hydrogen evolution on Pt and polyaniline modified Pt electrodes—a comparative electrochemical impedance spectroscopy study

Kinetic of hydrogen evolution reaction, HER, at Pt and polyaniline, PANI, polymer film modified Pt electrodes in the sulphuric acid solution was investigated within the context of possible inhibition of HER by conducting polymers. Pt/PANI electrodes were prepared by electro-polymerization procedure with different quantities of PANI and electrochemically aged in the insulating state prior polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments. Polarization and impedance data obtained in the hydrogen (0.30 to 0.05 V_RHE) and HER (0.00 to ?0.155 V_RHE) potential regions of bare Pt-poly electrode were compared with those of Pt/PANI electrodes. Significant differences of impedance spectra in the hydrogen region of potentials pointed toward domination of hydrogen under-potential deposition, H UPD, at Pt-poly surface and domination of PANI impedance at Pt/PANI electrodes, respectively. Quite similar impedance spectra obtained in the HER region of potentials and Tafel slopes of about 30 mV decade^?1 evaluated from polarization measurements indicated that HER is proceeding by the same mechanism at Pt-poly and Pt/PANI electrodes, respectively. Analysis of respective impedance parameters showed that HER which is easily driven at Pt-poly electrode becomes inhibited to a certain extent at both Pt/PANI electrodes, but more for the one with higher quantity of PANI. These results can commonly be interpreted by HER that is taking place on the Pt substrate underlying more or less porous PANI film acting as a barrier toward electrolyte solution.     

Pt/HL和Pt/KL沸石在异丙醇分解反应中的不同催化行为

Ｐｔ／ＫＬ沸石在异丙醇分解反应中具有很高的脱氢活性,而Ｐｔ／ＨＬ沸石具有明显的缺电子性,在此反应中难以显示出脱氢活性,通过加氢作用,可使沸石的酸位免受积炭覆盖,从而可增强Ｐｔ／ＨＬ沸石的酸性催化作用。     

Hybrid materials based on polymethylsilsesquioxanes containing Fe,Pt, and Fe–Pt metallic nanoparticles

New hybrid materials based on Pt, Fe, and Pt–Fe nanoparticles stabilized in a matrix of polymethylsilsesquioxane nanogel and ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) were prepared. Metal vapor synthesis was used to produce mono- and bimetallic nanoparticles. It was shown that organosilicon nanogel effectively stabilizes Pt nanoparticles with an average size of 0.9 nm. Using the nanogel results in the formation of superparamagnetic Fe particles 3–5 nm in size that consist of ferromagnetic Fe⁰ core and antiferromagnetic shells of Fe oxides. It is established that using an organosilicon matrix in the formation of Pt-Fe/UHMWPE systems helps reduce the average particle size of Fe in the material from 6.5 to 4.5 nm and narrow their particle size distribution. The composition, magnetic and electronic characteristics of the nanocomposites are studied via transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Mössbauer spectroscopy, XANES, and EXAFS.     

含有Pt―Pt键金属配合物的电子结构和二阶非线性光学性质

采用量子化学密度泛函理论(DFT)结合有限场(FF)的方法对一系列含有Pt―Pt键金属配合物的电子结构和二阶非线性光学(NLO)性质进行了理论计算. 结果表明改变共轭配体对Pt―Pt键影响不大. 由配体到Pt―Pt金属基团的电荷转移强度随配体增长而变大. 金属配合物静态一阶超极化率随配体的增长而增大, 配合物电荷的改变基本不影响这类化合物的二阶NLO性质. 具有相对长的共轭配体的配合物IId具有最大的二阶NLO响应. 含时密度泛函理论(TD-DFT)计算表明配合物IId的二阶NLO响应来自于混有配体到金属的配体内的π→π^*电荷转移跃迁的贡献.