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1.
The basicities and nucleophilicities along with prototautomerism of biologically active oxazolidin-4-one and its thio and azo analogs were investigated by semi-empirical methods. The oxo and thion protonation were found to be easier than that of azo protonation for 4-oxo and 4-thion derivatives whereas amino protonation was found to be easier than imino and azo protonation in 4-imino derivative. The preferred tautomeric form for 4-oxo and 4-thion derivatives were found to be the keto and thion forms, respectively, whereas the amino form was found to be preferred in 4-imino derivatives. An acceptable correlation between gas phase proton affinities and aqueous phase acidity constants as well as the correlation between nucleophilicity and acidity constants was observed. 相似文献
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Reaction of sodium 2-formylbenzenesulphonate (1) with thionyl chloride or phosphorous pentachloride gives a mixture of pseudo (2) and normal (3) sulphonyl chlorides. Whereas ammonium 2-carboxybenzenesulphonate (6) gives only the normal sulphonyl chloride (7) on reaction with thionyl chloride, a mixture of normal (7) and pseudo (8) isomers are formed on reaction with phosphorous pentachloride. Sodium 2-benzoylbenzenesulphonate (15), on the other hand, gives the corresponding normal sulphonyl chloride (16) on reaction with both of the reagents mentioned above. Based on these observations it is concluded that γ-keto sulphonic
acids are amenable to the influence of γ-carbonyl group as in the case of γ-keto carboxylic acids but to a lesser extent. 相似文献
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Quantum chemical studies on tautomerism of barbituric acid in gas phase and in solution 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ab initoand density functional theory (DFT) methods were used to study the tautomers of barbituric acid in the gas phase and in a polar medium. In the gas phase, the tautomers were optimized at the HF/6-31G*, MP2/6-31G*and B3LYP/6-31G*, B3PW91/6-31G*levels of theory. The self-consistent reaction field theory (SCRF) at the HF/6-31G*level of theory has been used to optimize the tautomers in a polar medium. The relative stability of the tautomers was compared in the gaseous and polar mediums. The ability of maximum hardness principle to predict the stable tautomer has been studied. The 13C-NMR chemical shift for carbon atoms in the tautomers was calculated and the results are discussed. 相似文献
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The geometries, relative stabilities and proton affinities for the different tautomers of 2-, 3- and 4-hydroxyquinoline derivatives and their thio and azo analogs along with their fixed forms (i.e. model molecules in which the proton migration is eliminated) were calculated with full geometry optimization using AM1, PM3 and MNDO methods. The predominance of oxo forms over hydroxy forms were confirmed with all three methods both in gas and liquid phases, as cited in the literature, with the exception of 3-hydroxyquinoline for which the AM1 and MNDO methods both in gas and liquid phases suggest the predominance of the hydroxy form. For the thio analogs the predominance of thione forms over mercapto forms and for the amino analogs the predominance of the amino forms over imino forms were confirmed both in gas and liquid phases with all three methods as indicated in the literature. 相似文献
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JIANG Hua-Liang CHEN Kai-Xian TANG Yun CHEN Jian-Zhong JI Ru-YungShanghai Institute of Materia Medica Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai China 《中国化学》1995,13(2):131-140
In this paper theoretical studies were performed on artemisinin (qinghaosu) derivatives with semiempirical quantum chemical methods AMI and PM3. The antimalarial activity -logC has an obvious correlation with the net charge of C(16) and bond orders of bonds O(1)-C(10), O(2)-C(6), O(1)-O(2) and O(5)-C(16). According to the calculation results, we derived structure-activity relationship, presented the probable pharmacophore of qinghaosu derivatives and the interaction fashion between the drugs and the plasmodium receptor. 相似文献
9.
Pihlaja K Juhász M Kivelä H Fülöp F 《Rapid communications in mass spectrometry : RCM》2008,22(10):1510-1518
The 14 and 70 eV electron ionization mass spectra of five sets (R1 = Me, Et, i-Pr, t-Bu and Ph) of seven 2-aryl-4-R1-substituted (Ar = C6H4X; X = p-NO2, m-Br, p-Cl, H, p-Me, p-OMe and p-NMe2) (1-5) and of seven 2-aryl-5-phenyl-substituted 1,3-oxazolidines (6; for Ar, see above) were recorded to study their ring-chain equilibria in the gas phase. These equilibria were also studied by 1H NMR spectroscopy in CDCl3 for compounds 5 and 6. A few 2,4- and 2,5-dimethyl-2-aryl derivatives (7, 8: Ar = C6H4X; X = m-Br, H and p-OMe) were studied both in CDCl3 and in the gas phase. The main characteristics of the ring-chain equilibria expressed by the variable SigmaRA% of the ring and of the chain form proved to be a strong dependence on the nature of the substituents on C-2 and C-4. The results in the gas phase are compared with those in CDCl3. 相似文献
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MNDO-PM3 and AM1 quantum chemical calculations of the molecular structure of N,N′-diphenyl-guanidine (DPG) prove that the
molecule preferably exists as an asymmetric tautomer with a basic center C = N−. IR and UV spectral data, dipole moments,
and average molecular weights of DPG solutions in nonpolar and low-polar solvents confirm the results of calculations, indicating
formation of hydrogen-bonded cyclic self-associates of DPG in solution.
Translated fromZhumal Strukturnoi Khimii, Vol. 39, No. 4, pp. 618–625, July–August, 1998. 相似文献
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The geometries,heats of formation and electronic structures of 15 azido-derivatives of 1,2,3-TNB (Ⅰ),1,2,4-TNB (Ⅱ) and 1,3,5-TNB (Ⅲ) have been studied using quantum chemical AMI method at HF level.The effect of azido substitution on the structures and properties of TNBs has been discussed and the relative stability of the title compounds has been established.The processes of the decomposition of the title compounds by breaking C-NO2,C-N3 and CN-N2 bonds are investigated at UHF-AM1 level.It is shown that the decomposition of the title compounds may be initiated by the cleavage of both C-NO2 and N-N2 bonds. 相似文献
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The structural features of the 1H‐imidazo[4,5‐c]pyridine (ICPY) tautomers and homodimers of the most stable tautomers have been studied by quantum chemical methods. FTIR and Raman spectra of the ICPY were recorded in the range of 4000–60 cm?1 and 3500–5 cm?1. The predominant tautomer among four possible isomers of ICPY were determined. The optimized geometries and vibrational frequencies of possible ICPY tautomers and dimers were computed by B3LYP/DFT method with 6‐311++G(d,p) and 6‐31G(d) basis sets. All vibrational frequencies assigned in detail with the help of total energy distribution (TED) and isotopic shifts. ICPY dimeric forms were also characterized according to their hydrogen bonding interactions, and it has been found that the most stable ICPY homodimer establishes moderate strong N ? H …N type hydrogen bond. 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and 15N NMR properties have been calculated for all tautomeric forms using the gauge independent atomic orbital (GIAO) method. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J Quantum Chem, 2011 相似文献
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I. G. Mamedov M. R. Bayramov Y. V. Mamedova A. M. Maharramov 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》2015,53(2):147-153
Synthesis and NMR investigations of cyclohexenone, flavanone, isoxazol and indazole derivatives of (2E)‐3‐[2‐(allyloxy)‐5‐bromophenyl]‐1‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)‐2‐propen‐1‐one ( I , chalcone) have been carried out. The results confirm the formation of O–H???O type intramolecular hydrogen bond and intramolecular cyclization in the (2E)‐3‐[2‐(allyloxy)‐5‐bromophenyl]‐1‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)‐2‐propen‐1‐one ( I ), the presence of conformational and keto–enol tautomeric transitions in the 6‐acetyl‐5‐[2‐(allyloxy)‐5‐bromophenyl]‐3‐(2‐hydroxy‐5‐methylphenyl)‐2‐cyclohexen‐1‐one ( II ), conformational transitions in the 2‐{4‐[2‐(allyloxy)‐5‐bromophenyl]‐3‐methyl‐4.5‐dihydro‐1.2‐benzisoxazol‐6‐yl}‐4‐methylphenol ( III ) and 2‐{4‐[2‐(allyloxy)‐5‐bromophenyl]‐3‐methyl‐4.5‐dihydro‐1H‐indazol‐6‐yl}‐4‐methylphenol ( IV ). The conformational and keto–enol tautomerism in the investigated compounds have been also confirmed by chemical methods. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Ab initio calculations with effective core potentials have been performed on the trinuclear incomplete cubane-type cores in some cluster compounds with halogen as the bridging atoms. By comparison with the bonding and electronic structures of analogous chalcogenides of M3O
n
S
4–n
4+
and M3O
n
Se
4–
4+
the metal-metal bonding, metal-ligand bonding and the electronic characteristics of halogenide clusters of Nb3CI
4
3+
, M3OCl
3
5+
(M = Mo, W), Mo3OBr
3
5+
, M3Cl
4
5+
(M = Nb, Ta), and Cu3I
4
–
are discussed in terms of delocalized and localized molecular orbitals. One three-centered two-electron bond has been found to exist among the three skeletal metals in the clusters having eight skeletal electrons. The reason why these transition-metal halides do not show the so-called quasi-aromatic (i.e. benzene-like) character is attributed to the lack of strongd – p bonding in the puckeredM
3(µ–X)3 six-membered rings. 相似文献
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《Mendeleev Communications》2020,30(4):505-506
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In spite of recent advances towards understanding the mechanism of firefly bioluminescence, there is no consensus about which oxyluciferin (OxyLH2) species are the red and yellow‐green emitters. The crystal structure of Luciola cruciata luciferase (LcLuc) revealed different conformations for the various steps of the bioluminescence reaction, with different degrees of polarity and rigidity of the active‐site microenvironment. In this study, these different conformations of luciferase (Luc) are simulated and their effects on the different chemical equilibria of OxyLH2 are investigated as a function of pH by means of density functional theory with the PBE0 functional. In particular, the thermodynamic properties and the absorption spectra of each species, as well as their relative stabilities in the ground and excited states, were computed in the different conformations of Luc. From the calculations it is possible to derive the acid dissociation and tautomeric constants, and the corresponding distribution diagrams. It is observed that the anionic keto form of OxyLH2 is both the red and the yellow‐green emitter. Consequently, the effect of Luc conformations on the structural and electronic properties of the Keto‐(?1) form are studied. Finally, insights into the Luc‐catalyzed light‐emitting reaction are derived from the calculations. The multicolor bioluminescence can be explained by interactions of the emitter with active‐site molecules, the effects of which on light emission are modulated by the internal dielectric constant of the different conformations. These interactions can suffer also from rearrangement due to entry of external solvent and changes in the protonation state of some amino acid residues and adenosine monophosphate (AMP). 相似文献
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The prototropic tautomerism in anhydrous DMSO of benzotriazole and six derivatives symmetrically substituted on the benzene ring (5,6-dichloro, tetrachloro, 4,7-dibromo, tetrabromo, 5,6-dimethyl, and tetramethyl), was followed by both experimental (13C NMR and UV spectroscopy) and theoretical methods. In all of the analyzed systems, predominance of the asymmetric form, N(1)/N(3) protonated, was found. The rates of the N(1)-H<-->N(3)-H prototropic equilibrium, estimated by 13C NMR techniques, were in the medium exchange regime of 300-3000 s(-1), and are correlated with the spectroscopically determined pKa values in aqueous medium, and the anionic forms are the putative rate-limiting intermediate states. 相似文献
20.
Sadikov N Nasibov S Oğretir C Berber H Hüseyinli A 《Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)》2004,9(11):922-938
The alkylation of beta-dicarbonyl compounds in a K2CO3/DMSO system was found to afford O- and C-alkylated derivatives, depending on the type of the beta-dicarbonyl compound involved. The alkyl derivatives obtained were used in the synthesis of some new spiro barbituric acid derivatives. Quantum chemical calculations were carried out to elucidate the reaction mechanisms for some typical synthesis. 相似文献