在频率选择性相关信道中的空频分组编码技术

本文提出了频率选择性瑞利衰落信道中的对角空频分组码(DSF)，研究了码的性能。分析表明，在各天线对间的信道相互独立，系统有NT个发射天线，NR个接收天线和信道冲击响应长度是L时，DSF码可实现分集增益NRNTL。此外，相关的发射天线阵列会使DSF码分集增益下降，但是对码的性能影响不大，特别是在较长的多路径信道上。因此，DSF码对于相关的衰落信道显示出优越的鲁棒性能。最终仿真结果证实了本文的分析。     

基于空时分组码及空频分组码的OFDM系统性能分析

讨论了正交频分复用系统中空时分组码与空频分组码的基本原理,并对信道条件为快变或慢变的多径信道下的两种系统误码性能进行分析与比较,指出在慢变信道条件下采用空时分组码的系统可取得较空频分组码系统更佳的性能。     

一种具有快速译码结构和优化编码增益的全分集空频码

本文通过将一个对角空时码乘以一个压缩映射矩阵(Compact Mapping Matrix,CMM)从而得到一个空频码字,在获得空时码原有空间分集性能的基础上可以获得指定阶数的频率分集,从而提高了频率选择性信道下相干空频编码MIMO-OFDM的性能,该文还对码字的编码增益进行了优化,进一步提高了系统性能.同时,利用对角星座的快速译码研究的新成果,该方法设计的码字其译码过程得到了大大的简化,有利于系统的硬件实现.     

在频率选择性信道中的差分空频编码

本文提出了频率选择性衰变信道中采用了差分空频编码的正交频分复用(OFDM)传输方法。根据信道长度,我们将每个天线OFDM帧中的输入数据分组,同一组中各天线上的数据编码组成为一个对角信号星座,沿频域方向独立的对每组信号实施差分编码。通过分析成对错误概率,我们证明了这种码潜在能提供的分集是发射天线数,接收天线数和信道长度的乘积,比差分空时码具有更大分集增益,因而具有更好的性能,这一分析结果也为我们的仿真实验证实了。     

空时/频编码在OFDM系统中的应用

介绍了空时编码(STBC)和空频编码(SFBC)应用于OFDM系统,实现发射分集,并对基于梳状导频的LS(最小二乘)算法采用正交导频设计方案,把多天线信道估计转化为单天线信道估计,大大简化了运算。仿真结果表明,实现的空时和空频编码OFDM方案不仅误码性能良好,且具有系统实现复杂度低、接收机结构简单等优点。     

多发射天线STBC-SCFDE系统的性能研究

针对频率选择性衰落下2根以上发射天线的空时分组码—单载波频域均衡系统(STBC-SCFDE),提出了编码方案和检测方案的一般过程,并分别以3根及4根发射天线为例给出了具体的发射方案和接收方案。仿真结果表明,该方案下的多发射天线STBC SCFDE,在最大时延达到数10个符号周期的情况下仍然具有优良的性能,因而在高速无线通信中具有广阔的应用前景。     

一种基于OFDM的空频码的设计

提出了一种基于OFDM达到最大可达分集增益的空频码设计方案。该编码利用正交频分复用把频率选择性衰落信道变换成平衰落信道的特性，同时引入了基于多天线的空间分集和基于时延扩展的频率分集，比空时编码具有更高的分集增益。     

MIMO-OFDM系统中的空频编码技术的研究

基于多输入多输出（MIMO）的空时编码技术可以充分利用无线通信信道中的多径,从而降低误码率、提高系统的可靠性。本文在空时编码技术的基础上,基于OFDM（正交频分复用）系统提出了一种空频分组码的编码改进方案。经仿真证明：编码后的系统相对于STBC-OFDM（空时分组编码）系统的性能更优越,提高了系统的可靠性。     

频率选择性衰落信道中的空时分组编码系统性能研究

空时分组码（STBC）由于具有较高的分集增益和简单的编译方法，从而得到普遍关注。但是它只适于频率平坦信道，而实际的信道多为频率选择性信道。丈中将考虑两种适用于频率选择性信道的空时分组码系统方案：OFDM-STBC和SC／FDE-STBC方案，即考虑空时分组码与正交频分复用或单载波频域均衡结合。通过对OFDM-STBC和SC／FDE-STBC系统性能仿真结果的比较和分析，表明SC／FDE-STBC方案要优于OFDM-STBC方案。此外，文中也给出一些细致的仿真性能的观察。     

瑞利衰落下的空时频(STF)分组编码OFDM系统

基于正交频分复用(OFDM)系统，提出了一种发射分集方案——比特交织空时频(BI—STF)分组编码。其基本思路是：应用子载波分群方法并选择合适的系统参数，将OFDM系统转化成分群OFDM(G-OFDM)，对每个群分别进行空时频分组编码(GSTFBC)；在编码比特被重组和映射成GSTF分组编码前进行合理的比特交织，并按一定的规则分配给各个单群子载波进行酉星座旋转(CR)预编码。随后讨论了该方案的频谱利用率和成对错误概率(PEP)。仿真结果表明，同其它编码方案相比，提出的方案能在频率选择性瑞利衰落信道下获得最大的空间分集和频率分集增益，且只有较低的解码复杂性。     

Wavelet packet image coding using space-frequency quantization

We extend our previous work on space-frequency quantization (SFQ) for image coding from wavelet transforms to the more general wavelet packet transforms. The resulting wavelet packet coder offers a universal transform coding framework within the constraints of filterbank structures by allowing joint transform and quantizer design without assuming a priori statistics of the input image. In other words, the new coder adaptively chooses the representation to suit the image and the quantization to suit the representation. Experimental results show that, for some image classes, our new coder gives excellent coding performance.     

Full-rate full-diversity space-frequency codes with optimum coding advantage

A general space-frequency (SF) block code structure is proposed that can guarantee full-rate (one channel symbol per subcarrier) and full-diversity transmission in multiple-input multiple-output-orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) systems. The proposed method can be used to construct SF codes for an arbitrary number of transmit antennas, any memoryless modulation and arbitrary power-delay profiles. Moreover, assuming that the power-delay profile is known at the transmitter, we devise an interleaving method to maximize the overall performance of the code. We show that the diversity product can be decomposed as the product of the "intrinsic" diversity product, which depends only on the used signal constellation and the code design, and the "extrinsic" diversity product, which depends only on the applied interleaving method and the power delay profile of the channel. Based on this decomposition, we propose an interleaving strategy to maximize the "extrinsic" diversity product. Extensive simulation results show that the proposed SF codes outperform the previously existing codes by about 3-5 dB, and that the proposed interleaving method results in about 1-3-dB performance improvement compared to random interleaving.     

Antijamming performance of space-frequency coding in partial-band noise

Space-frequency coded (SFC) orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA) system is considered under partial band noise jamming (PBNJ). Analytical expressions for the bit error probability (BEP) are derived for OFDMA with and without SFC in a frequency-selective fading environment. It is shown that SFC increases the resistance of OFDMA against PBNJ and reduces the BEP considerably.     

基于酉阵的MIMO系统空频编码方案

针对多输入多输出系统发射分集方案中正交性与全速率之间的矛盾,在传统空频编码的基础上,提出了一种基于酉阵的空频块编码多天线系统发射分集方案。利用酉矩阵特性和块正交思想,给出了方案具体实施策略,并借助Givens变化生成典型固定酉阵,推导分析了所提方案全速率性能和准正交特性,证明了与空频块编码方案相比,该方案能更加充分地利用4根发射天线来增大空间分集的性能。最后通过不同场景下的仿真对比,也进一步验证了在不增加复杂度的情况下该分集方案的性能优势。     

空频码设计的新思路及快速检测算法

对于一个系统化设计的空频码而言,成对错误概率的分析是导出相应编码准则的关键.常用的Chernoff域方法只能提供一个比较松的上界,并不能有效体现空频码设计的一些特点.提出了一种宅频码设计的新思路,通过将多径信道下的空频码传输转化为平衰落信道下的空时码传输,从而利用空时码设计中的性能分析有效地导出了空频码设计的相应准则,在获取宽带系统频率分集的基础上优化了编码增益,提出了码设计的一些特点.该分析方法比现有的方法更加具有一般性,也更直观.还提出了一种空频码字的快速检测算法,它利用格形译码的方法大大简化了检测过程,比最大似然检测具有更小的复杂度,有利于系统的实现.     

Multiple-antenna differential lattice decoding

From a lattice viewpoint, Clarkson, Sweldens and Zheng significantly reduced the complexity of multiantenna differential decoding. Their approximate decoding algorithm, however, has not unleashed the full potential of lattice decoding. In this paper, we present several improved algorithms, generally referred to as differential lattice decoding (DLD), for multiantenna communication. We first analyze two distinct approximate DLD algorithms, and then develop an algorithm that exactly finds the closest lattice point in the Euclidean space. This exact DLD is subsequently augmented by local search to compensate for the remaining approximation. The small amount of extra complexity of the exact or augmented DLD is rewarded by a clear performance gain. We find that employing basis reduction is very effective to reduce the overall decoding complexity for high lattice dimensions. Moreover, the dimension of the lattice defined in this paper is independent of the number of receive antennas, which results in not only lower complexity, but also better performance for a multiantenna receiver.     

Noncoherent space-frequency coded MIMO-OFDM

Recently, the use of coherent space-frequency coding in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based frequency-selective multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) fading channels has been proposed. Acquiring knowledge of the fading coefficients in a MIMO channel is already very challenging in the frequency-flat (fast) fading case. In the frequency-selective case, this task becomes significantly more difficult due to the presence of multiple paths, which results in an increased number of parameters to be estimated. In this paper, we address code design for noncoherent frequency-selective MIMO-OFDM fading links, where neither the transmitter nor the receiver knows the channel. We derive the code design criteria, quantify the maximum achievable diversity gain, and provide explicit constructions of full-diversity (space and frequency) achieving codes along with an analytical and numerical performance assessment. We also demonstrate that unlike in the coherent case, noncoherent space-frequency codes designed to achieve full spatial diversity in the frequency-flat fading case can fail completely to exploit not only frequency diversity but also spatial diversity when used in frequency-selective fading environments. We term such codes "catastrophic.".     

Multiple-antenna capacity in the low-power regime

This paper provides analytical characterizations of the impact on the multiple-antenna capacity of several important features that fall outside the standard multiple-antenna model, namely: (i) antenna correlation, (ii) Ricean factors, (iii) polarization diversity, and (iv) out-of-cell interference; all in the regime of low signal-to-noise ratio. The interplay of rate, bandwidth, and power is analyzed in the region of energy per bit close to its minimum value. The analysis yields practical design lessons for arbitrary number of antennas in the transmit and receive arrays.     

Correlative coding: A bandwidth-efficient signaling scheme

In most transmission channels, bandwidth is at a premium and an important attribute of any good digital signaling scheme is its ability to make efficient use of the bandwidth. Conventional Nyquist-type pulse amplitude modulation signaling schemes, which are designed to eliminate intersymbol interference, achieve high data rates only at the expense of a large number of signal levels. In many applications, correlative coding or partial response signaling, which introduces intersymbol interference in a controlled way, is able to achieve high data rates with fewer levels and hence with better error rate performance. In addition to higher data rates, correlative schemes achieve convenient spectral shapes and have error-detecting capabilities without introducing redundancy into the data stream. This paper explains how correlative schemes work and why they are advantageous.