共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 140 毫秒
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烟草中有机氯类农药多残留分析前处理方法对比研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以烟草中有机氯类农药为研究对象,从检出限、回收率、重复性和色谱图4个方面系统比较了机械振荡萃取法、超声波溶剂萃取法、微波辅助萃取法和加速溶剂萃取法4种常用前处理方法。由于加速溶剂萃取法是在高温高压下进行萃取,在提取出残留农药的同时,也提取出更多的干扰物。机械振荡法、超声波溶剂萃取法和微波辅助萃取法各项结果差别较小,其中机械振荡萃取法回收率和重复性最好,但提取时间较长。考虑溶剂消耗和提取时间等方面的因素,微波辅助萃取是较理想的样品前处理方法。 相似文献
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在线提取-高效液相色谱-二极管阵列检测-四极杆飞行时间质谱法快速鉴定陈皮中黄酮类化合物 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
建立了简便、高效的在线提取-高效液相色谱-二极管阵列-四极杆飞行时间质谱法(OLE-HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS)快速提取和分离鉴定陈皮中黄酮类化合物。在线提取体系中,将填有陈皮粉末样品(2.0 mg)的固相萃取小柱取代样品环连接在手动进样阀上,样品直接被流动相提取并进入HPLC-DAD-QTOF-MS系统分析,无需额外的样品前处理步骤。与传统的溶剂回流提取法相比,在线提取法具有较高的提取率。通过分析化合物的紫外谱图、色谱保留时间和质谱信息,共鉴定出24种黄酮类化合物,其中新圣草次苷、柠檬黄素-3-O-(3-羟基-3-甲基戊二酸)-葡萄糖苷及其异构体首次在陈皮中报道。建立的方法为中药复杂体系中活性成分的快速分离鉴定提供了新的研究思路。 相似文献
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桑叶,又名"铁扇子",芦丁和槲皮素均为桑叶的主要有效成分,具有疏散风热、消肺润燥、清肝明目的功效~([1]).现代药理研究证明,桑叶中功效成分具有降血压、抑制血糖上升等药理作用~([2]).目前,对桑叶中黄酮类化合物的提取方面已有报道~([3~5]),但大多提取时间较长、所需试剂量大.加速溶剂萃取技术是使用常规的溶剂、利用总加温度和提高压力提高萃取效率,大大缩短提取的时间并明显降低萃取溶剂的使用量.本实验探讨了加速溶剂萃取技术提取桑叶中黄酮类化合物的萃取条件,并采用HPLC梯度淋洗法测定了芦丁和槲皮素,方法快捷准确,重现性好,可以满足桑叶中黄酮类物质的测定. 相似文献
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综述枇杷叶中活性物质提取方法。枇杷叶中常见活性物质主要有黄酮类、多糖类、三萜酸以及苷类化合物等。提取方法有微波辅助提取法、超声波辅助酶法、水提醇沉提取法以及超临界二氧化碳萃取法等。微波辅助提取法提取效率高,选择性好,可用于热不稳定物质。超声波辅助酶法节约萃取时间,低毒环保,提高酶解得率。水提醇沉提取法应用范围广,操作简单,成本低。超临界二氧化碳萃取法可用于热稳定性较差的物质,灵敏度高,相对成本高。这些方法在药用植物提取中得到了广泛的应用。在保证较好的选择性和重复性前提下,使用绿色、环保、经济的溶剂减少环境污染,提高活性物质提取得率是现代提取方法的发展方向。 相似文献
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以离子液体作为微波吸收介质建立了离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法,对人参中的化学成分进行了提取,并将该法与固体微波吸收介质-非极性溶剂微波提取法、极性溶剂微波提取法以及混合溶剂微波提取法进行了对比.结果表明,极性溶剂提取的主要化学成分为极性化合物,而固体微波吸收介质-非极性溶剂微波提取法与离子液体-非极性溶剂微波提取法相比,提取所得的化学成分并无明显差别,说明离子液体是一种较好的微波吸收介质和能量传递材料.所建立的方法具有提取时间短、操作简单及绿色环保等优点,且对后期分析无明显影响,是快速提取化学成分的理想方法. 相似文献
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Zuloaga O Etxebarria N Fernández LA Madariaga JM 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》2000,367(8):733-737
The microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and Soxhlet extraction of two isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane, alpha-HCH and gamma-HCH, from a polluted landfill soil have been optimized following different experimental designs. In the case of microwave-assisted extraction, the following variables were considered: pressure, extraction time, microwave power, percentage of acetone in n-hexane mixture and solvent volume. When ASE extraction was studied the variables were pressure, temperature and extraction time. Finally, the percentage of acetone in n-hexane mixture and the extraction time were the only variables studied for Soxhlet extraction. The concentrations obtained by the three extraction techniques were, within their experimental uncertainties, in good agreement. This fact assures the possibility of using both ASE and MAE techniques in the routine determination of lindane in polluted soils and sediments. 相似文献
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Accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) of vanilla beans has been optimized using ethanol as a solvent. A theoretical model is proposed to account for this multistep extraction. This allows the determination, for the first time, of the total amount of analytes initially present in the beans and thus the calculation of recoveries using ASE or any other extraction technique. As a result, ASE and Soxhlet extractions have been determined to be efficient methods, whereas recoveries are modest for maceration techniques and depend on the solvent used. Because industrial extracts are obtained by many different procedures, including maceration in various solvents, authenticating vanilla extracts using quantitative ratios between the amounts of vanilla flavor constituents appears to be unreliable. When authentication techniques based on isotopic ratios are used, ASE is a valid sample preparation technique because it does not induce isotopic fractionation. 相似文献
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固相微萃取/加速溶剂萃取-气相色谱-质谱法分析青山绿水茶叶的挥发性成分 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
采用固相微萃取(SPME)和加速溶剂萃取(ASE)两种前处理方法从青山绿水茶叶(也叫苦丁茶)中提取挥发性成分,用气相色谱-质谱法(GC-MS)定性。实验结果表明:两种前处理方法共检测出91种成分,SPME检出49种,ASE检出56种,共同组分14种。青山绿水茶叶的挥发性成分主要成分有β-月桂烯、3,3,5-三甲基-1,5-庚二烯、L-柠檬烯、α-罗勒烯、β-罗勒烯、β-蒎烯、2-甲基安息香醛和5-羟甲基糠醛等物质。这两种提取方法各具优势,共同应用可以起到取长补短的作用。 相似文献
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O. Zuloaga Nestor Etxebarria Luis A. Fernández Juan M. Madariaga 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2000,367(8):733-737
The microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) and Soxhlet extraction of two isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane,
α-HCH and γ-HCH, from a polluted landfill soil have been optimized following different experimental designs. In the case
of microwave-assisted extraction, the following variables were considered: pressure, extraction time, microwave power, percentage
of acetone in n-hexane mixture and solvent volume. When ASE extraction was studied the variables were pressure, temperature and extraction
time. Finally, the percentage of acetone in n-hexane mixture and the extraction time were the only variables studied for Soxhlet extraction. The concentrations obtained
by the three extraction techniques were, within their experimental uncertainties, in good agreement. This fact assures the
possibility of using both ASE and MAE techniques in the routine determination of lindane in polluted soils and sediments.
Received: 28 January 2000 / Revised: 28 March 2000 / Accepted: 31 March 2000 相似文献
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The performance of accelerated solvent extraction in the analysis of terpenoids and sterols in tobacco samples was investigated
and compared with those of Soxhlet extraction and ultrasonically assisted extraction with respect to yield, extraction time,
reproducibility and solvent consumption. The results indicate that although the highest yield was achieved by Soxhlet extraction,
ASE appears to be a promising alternative to classical methods since it is faster and uses less solvent, especially when applied
to the investigation of large batch tobacco samples. However, Soxhlet extraction is still the preferred method for analyzing
sterols since it gives a higher extraction efficiency than other methods. 相似文献
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Comparison of different extraction techniques for the determination of chlorinated pesticides in animal feed 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Gfrerer M Chen S Lankmayr EP Quan X Yang F 《Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry》2004,378(7):1861-1867
The performances of Soxhlet extraction, dive-in Soxhlet extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), fluidized-bed extraction (FBE), and ultrasonic extraction (UE) for the analysis of organochlorine pesticides in animal feed have been investigated. ASE and MAE provided significantly better extraction efficiency than Soxhlet extraction. The concentrations were 126.7 and 114.8%, respectively, of the values obtained by classical Soxhlet extraction, whereas the results from FBE and dive-in Soxhlet were comparable with those from the standard Soxhlet procedure. The reproducibility of FBE was the best, with RSDs ranging from 0.3 to 3.9%. Under the investigated operation conditions UE was not efficient, with the recoveries of target compounds being about 50% less than Soxhlet. Additionally, the performances of Soxhlet, dive-in Soxhlet, MAE, ASE and FBE were validated by determination of the certified reference material BCR-115. The results from the extraction techniques were in good agreement with the certified values. 相似文献
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Olatz Zuloaga Nestor Etxebarria Luis A. Fernndez Juan M. Madariaga 《Trends in analytical chemistry : TRAC》1998,17(10):642-647
The extraction and determination of chlorinated biphenyls (CBs) in soils and solid wastes is an ongoing subject of study. This is an overview article that compares the microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) techniques. The extraction of CBs by ASE has been optimised taking into account the variation of pressure, temperature and extraction time by means of experimental design and the Simplex approach. The recoveries obtained under the optimum conditions are compared and discussed with those obtained from MAE and Soxhlet extractions. 相似文献