Liouvillian and analytic integrability of the quadratic vector fields having an invariant ellipse

We characterize the Liouvillian and analytic integrability of the quadratic polynomial vector fields in R2 having an invariant ellipse.More precisely,a quadratic system having an invariant ellipse can be written into the form x=x2＋y2-1＋y（ax＋by＋c）,y=x（ax＋by＋c）,and the ellipse becomes x2＋y2=1.We prove that（i） this quadratic system is analytic integrable if and only if a=0;（ii） if x2＋y2=1 is a periodic orbit,then this quadratic system is Liouvillian integrable if and only if x2＋y2=1 is not a limit cycle;and（iii） if x2＋y2=1 is not a periodic orbit,then this quadratic system is Liouvilian integrable if and only if a=0.     

常微分方程的區域分析理論(Ⅲ)

<正> 本文是繼續[Ⅰ],[Ⅱ]的發展,並初步總結其中若干部分,定名為分區線性方程.總結其特性及簡易的定性處理法,使這類的非線性方程的規律性非常容易掌握;正如我們掌握常係數線性方程一樣.     

误差为NA序列的半参数回归模型估计的r阶矩相合性

对于半参数回归模型 yi=xiβ+g( ti) +ei,i=1 ,2 ,… ,n,本文综合最小二乘法和一般加权方法 ,定义了 β,g( t)的估计量 βn,gn( t) .在误差为 NA序列时 ,得到了 βn,gn( t)的 r ( r≥ 2 )阶矩相合性 .     

On the Oscillation of Partial Difference Equations Generated by Deviating Arguments

We offer sufficient conditions for the oscillation of all solutions of the partial difference equations y(m - 1,n) + β(m,n)y(m, n - 1) -δ(m,n)+ P(m,n,y(m + k,n + l)) = Q(m,n,y(m + k,n + l)) and (y(m - 1,n)+ β(m,n)y(m,n - 1) - δ(m,n)y(m,n) + $$\mathop \Sigma \limits_{i = 1}^\tau $$ Pi(m,ny(m + ki,n + li)) = $$\mathop \Sigma \limits_{i = 1}^\tau $$ Qi(m,n,y9m + ki,n + li)). Several examples which dwell upon the importance of our results are also included.     

Integral Averaging Technique for Oscillation of Elliptic Equations of Second Order

The elliptic differential equations of second order \sum^n_{i,j=1}D_i[A_{ij}(x, y)D_jy] + P(x, y) + Q(x, y, ∇y) = e(x), x ∈ Ω . will be considered in an exterior domain Ω⊂ R^n, n ≥ 2. Some oscillation criteria are given by integral averaging technique.     

可积的Riccati微分方程的不变量变换讨论

对于可积的Riccati微分方程:L[y]=-y′+p(x)yn+Q(x)y+R(x)(p(x)R(x)≠0,n≠0,1)(0)L[y]=-y′+p(x)y2+Q(x)y+R(x)(p(x)R(x)≠0)(1)利用其不变量变换,给出方程(0)和(1)的可积充分条件,并对方程(1)的特解形式L[y0]=0,讨论其不变量变换的等效性;同时,对方程(1)的非特解形式L[y0]≠0,讨论其可积性.     

求高阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程特解的新方法

求高阶常系数非齐次线性微分方程:y(n)+P1y(n-1)+…+Pny=f(x)(P1,P2,…,Pn是实数)的特解的一种新方法.首先将该方程降为n个一阶非齐次线性微分方程组:其中w1,w2,…,wn是对应的齐次方程的特征方程:tn+P1tn-1+…+Pn=0的n个根.然后得出了求原方程一个特解的迭代公式.     

部分线性模型中估计的强相合性

考虑回归模型：ｙｉ＝ｘｉβ＋ｇ（ｔｉ）＋σｉｅｉ，１ｉｎ，其中σ２ｉ＝ｆ（ｕｉ），（ｘｉ，ｔｉ，ｕｉ）是固定非随机设计点列，ｆ（·）和ｇ（·）是未知函数，β是待估参数，ｅｉ是随机误差．对文［１］给出的基于ｇ（·）及ｆ（·）的一类非参数估计的β的最小二乘估计＾βｎ和加权最小二乘估计βｎ，我们在适当条件下证明了它们的强相合性．     

污染数据半参数回归模型估计的渐近正态性

考虑半参数回归模型：ｙｉ＝ ｘｉβ＋ ｇ（ｔｉ）＋ ｅｉ,ｉ＝ １,２,…,ｎ．其中 Ｅｅｉ＝ ０, Ｅｅ２ｉ＝ σ２１ ＞ ０．假定ｙ１,ｙ２,…,ｙｎ 受到另一独立同分布随机变量序列 μ１,μ２,…,μｎ 的污染,｛μｉ｝与｛ｙｉ｝独立,且仅能观察到污染数据．文［１］对由污染数据作出的参数 β的估计 βｎ,证明了它的强相合性,而本文则证明了它的渐近正态性     

一类四次Hamilton函数Abel积分零点个数的估计

证明了Abel积分I(h)=∮ΓhQ(x,y)dx-P(x,y)dy的零点个数的最小上界B(2n+2)=B(2n+1)≤3[n/2]+12[(n-1)/2]+4([p]表示P的整数部分),这里n是代数曲线H(x,Y)=x2士x4+Y4=h的连通闭分支,h∈E(Γh存在的最大开区间),P(x,y),Q(x,Y)是关于x,y 的次数不超过2n+2或2n+1的实多项式.     

常微分方程的區域分析理論(Ⅱ)

<正> 本文是[Ⅰ]的繼續發展,目的在於研究廣義一次中值逼近理論.本文分為两部分:前一部分繼續扩展[Ⅰ]中利用各點的局部性質進行分區的思想,特別探討了一类小参数法的本質問題作為應用之例.後一部分繼續擴展[Ⅰ]中大範圍逼近的思想,並以極限環線的位置問題作為應用的對象.     

Unb ounded Motions in Asymmetric Oscillators Dep ending on Derivatives

In this paper, we consider the unboundedness of solutions for the asymmetric equation x00+ax+?bx?+?(x)ψ(x0)+f(x)+g(x0)=p(t), where x+ = max{x, 0}, x? = max{?x, 0}, a and b are two different positive constants, f (x) is locally Lipschitz continuous and bounded,?(x), ψ(x), g(x) and p(t) are continuous functions, p(t) is a 2π-periodic function. We discuss the existence of unbounded solutions under two classes of conditions: the resonance case √1a+ √1b ∈Q and the nonresonance case√1a + √1b /∈Q.     

时间随机环境中一维紧邻随机游动的常返性质

设环境q={q(n)}∞0是取值于[0,1]上一列独立同分布的随机变量列,且Eq(0)=p;{Sn}∞0是随机环境q中取整数值随机游动,S0=0,且满足:对任意的整数xi(i≥0),x,y,P(Sn+1=y|S1=x1,…,Sn-1=xn-1,Sn=x,q)={q(n),y=x+1,1-q(n),y=x-1,0,其他.我们证明了:p>1/2时,Sn→+∞,a.e.,n→∞;p<1/2时,Sn→-∞,a.e.,n→∞;p=1/2时,-∞=(lim infSn)/(n→+∞)<(lim supSn)/(n→+∞)=+∞,a.e.,n→∞.     

关于一类一阶非线性微分方程封闭可积条件的一个注记

给出了一类一阶非线性微分方程y′=p( x) y +q( x) yμ +r( x) +∑ni =2fi( x) yi较为广泛的一个封闭可积条件 ,它推广和统一了文献 [1]中的定理 1和定理 2 ,特别指出近年来关于著名Riccati方程和 Abei方程可积性的一批最新结果都是它的特例     

食饵有常数放养率的广义Rosenzweig-Macarthur系统

本文运用 Liapunov第二方法 ,研究了食饵有常数放养率的广义 Rosenzweig-Macarthur系统x=f ( x) -yφ( x) +H ,y=h( y) [-e+Kφ( x) ]唯一正平衡点的稳定性 .并利用 Poincare-Bendixon环域定理及张芷芬唯一性定理 ,论证了在 R+ 2 ={( x,y)∶x>0 ,y>0 }内极限环的存在唯一性及其稳定性 .     

关于Thue方程的解数

设ｍ是正整数，ｆ（Ｘ，Ｙ）＝ａ０Ｘｎ＋ａ１Ｘ（ｎ－１）Ｙ＋．．．＋ａｎＹｎ∈Ｚ［Ｘ，Ｙ］是Ｑ上不可约化的叫ｎ（ｎ≥３）次齐次多项式。本文证明了：当ｇｃｄ（ｍ，ａ０）＝１，ｎ≥４００且ｍ≥１０（３５）时，方程｜ｆ（ｘ，ｙ）｜＝ｍ，ｘ，ｙ∈ｚ，ｇｃｄ（ｘ，ｙ）＝１，至多有６ｎｖ（ｍ）组解（ｘ，ｙ），其中ｖ（ｍ）是同余式Ｆ（ｚ）＝ｆ（ｚ，１）≡０（ｍｏｄｍ）的解数。特别是当ｇｃｄ（ｍ，ＤＦ）＝１时，该方程至多有６ｎ（ω（ｍ）＋１）组解（ｘ，ｙ），其中ＤＦ是多项式Ｆ的判别式，ω（ｍ）是ｍ的不同素因数的个数．     

Asymptotic Behavior of Solutions of Some Linear Difference Equations with Oscillatory Decreasing Coefficients

We investigate the asymptotic behavior of solutions of the system x ( n +1)=[ A + B ( n ) V ( n )+ R ( n )] x ( n ), n S n 0 , where A is an invertible m 2 m matrix with real eigenvalues, B ( n )= ~ j =1 r B j e i u j n , u j are real and u j p ~ (1+2 M ) for any M ] Z , B j are constant m 2 m matrices, the matrix V ( n ) satisfies V ( n ) M 0 as n M X , ~ n =0 X Á V ( n +1) m V ( n ) Á < X , ~ n =0 X Á V ( n ) Á 2 < X , and ~ n =0 X Á R ( n ) Á < X . If AV ( n )= V ( n ) A , then we show that the original system is asymptotically equivalent to a system x ( n +1)=[ A + B 0 V ( n )+ R 1 ( n )] x ( n ), where B 0 is a constant matrix and ~ n =0 X Á R 1 ( n ) Á < X . From this, it is possible to deduce the asymptotic behavior of solutions as n M X . We illustrate our method by investigating the asymptotic behavior of solutions of x 1 ( n +2) m 2(cos f 1 ) x 1 ( n +1)+ x 1 ( n )+ a sin n f n g x 2 ( n )=0 x 2 ( n +2) m 2(cos f 2 ) x 2 ( n +1)+ x 2 ( n )+ b sin n f n g x 1 ( n )=0 , where 0< f 1 , f 2 < ~ , 1/2< g h 1, f 1 p f 2 , and 0< f <2 ~ .     

新二元三角插值多项式的构造

设Ω=[-πxπ,-πyπ],C(Ω)表示关于x,y均以2π为周期的连续函数空间.若f(x,y)∈C(Ω),取结点组为(xk,yl)=(2k+2n 1)π,(2l 2+m 1)πk=0,1,2,…,2n,l=0,1,2,…,2m,则我们获得一个二元三角插值多项式Cn,m(f;x,y)=M1N∑k=2n0∑l=2m0f(xk,yl).1+2∑nα=1cosα(x-xk)+2∑mβ=1cosβ(y-yl)+4∑nα=1∑mβ=1cosα(x-xk)cosβ(y-yl)其中M=2m+1,N=2n+1.为改进其收敛性,本文构造一个新的因子ρα,β,使得带有该因子ρα,β的二元三角插值多项式Ln,m(f;x,y)可以在全平面上一致地收敛到每个连续的f(x,y),且具有最佳逼近阶.     

线性常系数非齐次微分方程的特解公式

用初等方法得到n阶线性常系数非齐次方程y(n)+a1y(n-1)+…+any=Pm(x)eλx特解y*的求解公式,使求y*的计算比较简单.     

Nonholonomic LR Systems as Generalized Chaplygin Systems with an Invariant Measure and Flows on Homogeneous Spaces

We consider a class of dynamical systems on a compact Lie group G with a left-invariant metric and right-invariant nonholonomic constraints (so-called LR systems) and show that, under a generic condition on the constraints, such systems can be regarded as generalized Chaplygin systems on the principle bundle G \to Q = G/H, H being a Lie subgroup. In contrast to generic Chaplygin systems, the reductions of our LR systems onto the homogeneous space Q always possess an invariant measure. We study the case G = SO(n), when LR systems are ultidimensional generalizations of the Veselova problem of a nonholonomic rigid body motion which admit a reduction to systems with an invariant measure on the (co)tangent bundle of Stiefel varieties V(k, n) as the corresponding homogeneous spaces. For k = 1 and a special choice of the left-invariant metric on SO(n), we prove that after a time substitution the reduced system becomes an integrable Hamiltonian system describing a geodesic flow on the unit sphere S^n-1. This provides a first example of a nonholonomic system with more than two degrees of freedom for which the celebrated Chaplygin reducibility theorem is applicable for any dimension. In this case we also explicitly reconstruct the motion on the group SO(n).