GNSS网络实时动态模糊度解算病态性解决策略

针对GNSS网络实时动态(RTK)参考站间模糊度解算病态性问题,分析了病态性对模糊度浮点解影响,并基于无电离层组合解算模糊度基本模型,提出了改善模型病态性的两种策略。1参数选取策略:针对高仰角卫星,采用相对天顶对流层参数代替常规双天顶对流层参数设置,减少待估参数以改善病态性;2参数相关性优化策略:将GNSS卫星模糊度解算分为较易固定和较难固定两类,首先获取较易固定模糊度整数解,并反演天顶对流层延迟信息,再将该信息作为先验信息对较难固定模糊度解算模型进行约束,通过减小天顶对流层与模糊度相关性改善病态性。算例分析表明:两种策略在初始历元法方程病态性就明显优于常规模型,且只要通过少数十几个甚至几个历元就能够快速减弱法方程的病态性。该方法不需要考虑附加矩阵或参数的设置,易于实际工程应用。     

弹性力学Hamilton方法广义解的适定性

首先引入了Hamilton体系中平面应力弹性力学问题正则方程的Galerkin变分方程,证明了Galerkin变分方程和目前文献中所用的Ritz变分方程的等价性,以及相应广义解的适定性,从而为目前的数值方法提供了理论基础。从证明过程中可以看到广义解实际上是Ritz变分泛函的一个鞍点。     

经典悬链线理论精确解与近似解的非线性数值计算

针对经典悬链线数学解中存在两个未知参数,即水平张力h和广义倾角α迄今尚未妥善解决的问题,进行了深入细致的分析。利用悬链线两点边值约束条件和不可拉伸假设,推导出求解隐含独立未知量水平张力的超越方程。引进互逆的无量纲参数求解超越方程中的水平张力,使得水平张力形式上具有最简单的参数依赖关系。探讨了广义倾角β,α和θ与几何参数的相互关系,得出广义倾角α不是独立未知参数的结论。提出了水平距离趋于0和趋于极限距离的各种近似解、在真小数全局计算范围内的近似解以及这些近似解关于精确解的误差程度,其结果在工程上具有应用价值。     

条带域内二维各向异性压电介质的Green函数

以压电各向异性弹性介质广义平面变形的Stroh一般解为基础，采用复变函数方法（即保角变换技术），研究了条带域介质内物理场的封闭形式解，求得了介质内某一点同时存在广义线位错和广义线力作用时的简单明确解，它就是边界元法中的Green函数，还分析了极化介质表面的电荷分布情况，并进而讨论了线电荷q与边界分布电荷间的库仑力问题，文中结果不仅适用于平面或反平面变形问题，而且也适用于两者耦合的二维变形问题。     

压电介质平面问题的基本解

应用复变函数的方法,对于压电介质平面问题,分析导出了无限介质或半无限介质受任意 集中载荷作用时的复势函数基本解;这些结果可作为边界元法的基本解,以求解具有复杂边界压电体的平面问题。     

介质参数反演的广义射线近似方法

在对无粘性介质参数反演问题进行的研究中，引入一种全波场广义射线近似形式，提出一种新的反演参数的方法，文中，首先对由弹性波动方程演变成的声波方程进行分析，引入背景场量和扰动量，并结合Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数理论，得到了介质参数的积分方程；然后结合前人对非均匀介质中波函数局部理论的定性分析，引入一种全波场广度射线近似形式，把问题归结为一个第一类Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ积分方程；最后对半空间问题层状介质模型进行了反演，算     

多孔介质非线性渗流问题的摄动解

考虑变形多孔介质渗透参数(渗透率和孔隙度)与孔隙压力呈负指数变化的特点，建立了多孔介质渗流问题的数学模型，采用积分变换方法求出了一维非线性渗流问题的摄动解，并对常数渗透参数和指数渗透参数的渗流问题进行对比分析，计算结果表明：两者之间的差别较大，且渗透参数的变化对于流体渗流中后期过程有着重要的影响，但对渗流早期影响不大，这对于定量研究工程中非线性渗流问题模型参数的相对重要性提供了可靠的理论依据。     

含模糊参数结构有限元方程的一种新解法

实际工程问题中，常常会包含一些难以准确描述的系统参数。本文根据模糊集理论，将结构中的不确定参数转化为模糊参数，从而建立起含模糊参数的有限元平衡方程，应用一般模糊线性方程解的基本原理，对模糊有限元平衡方程解的概念及方法进行了讨论，并在此基础上提出了一种改进解的概念以及以摄动法为基础的求解方法。该方法假定当不确定参数相对于其清晰值的分解度不很大时，可以将其在清晰值附近作摄动展开。文中也简要讨论了改进解与现有的模糊有限元方程组各种解之间的关系。相对于现有的其它解法，本文建议的方法更易于与常规的有限元软件结合，用于处理工程实际问题。对算例结果的分析表明，本文方法可较好地符合实际要求。     

二维介质参数的大扰动反演方法

对非均匀介质参数反演问题进行了研究，并提出了用于反演二维介质参数的广义射线近似方法．利用参考场量和扰动变量对声波方程中的介质参数进行处理，并利用Ｇｒｅｅｎ函数理论得到扰动参数比的积分方程．基于非均匀介质中波函数的局部理论和射线理论，引入了全波场的广义射线近似形式，通过定义介质参数函数，把反演目标归结为其第一类Ｆｒｅｄｈｏｌｍ积分方程．利用积分变换方法得到二维介质的介质参数函数，从而得到介质参数，在Ｂｏｒｎ近似方法中，反演的介质参数扰动不能超过２０％，但是在本文中介绍的方法能够有效地反演其扰动比不超过５０％的变化情况     

组合荷载作用下腐蚀缺陷管道的极限承载力

腐蚀缺陷的存在会降低管道的承载力,影响管道的正常运行.考虑了管道轴向与环向材料强度的各向异性,提出了腐蚀缺陷压力管道在内压、轴力和弯矩组合荷载作用下极限承载力的一组广义解.推导了等深度腐蚀、椭圆腐蚀和抛物线三种形状腐蚀缺陷管道的解析解.通过算例验证了解析解与广义解结果具有很好的吻合性.腐蚀形状对极限承载力有显著影响,把...     

饱和多孔介质中Lamb问题的Green函数解答

利用作者根据饱和多孔介质动力学方程快、 慢纵波解耦求得的集中力作用下饱和多孔介 质Green函数解答, 通过柱坐标变换, 运用Sommerfeld积分, 再根据自由表面应力为零的特 征, 添加自由表面影响场, 从而求得半无限空间集中力作用下饱和多孔介质动力学问题的解 答. 其结果与Philippacopoulos解答结果一致; 当饱和多孔蜕化为单相时与Lamb的方程一 致. 整个推导过程明了, 物理意义也较为清晰; 方法符合常规解法. 因此, 该方法为简化与 规范饱和多孔介质动力学问题的解答提供了基础; 并且能为一直未解决的半无限空间饱和多 孔介质动力学问题的流相解答(诸如孔隙压、排水量)提供解决途径.     

EXISTENCE OF PERIODIC TRAVELNG WAVE SOLUTIONS FOR A CLASS OF GENERALIZED BBM EQUATION

I.Intr9ducti0nInpaperI5]globalexistenceanduniqueness0fsolutionswereestablishedfortheBenjamin-Bona-Mahony(BBM)equation,Il.l)u, uu,-u,,I=o(l'l)wherexERandt>O.TheBBMequationmodelslongwavesinanonlineardispersivesystemisasubstitutemodelfortheKortweg-deVriesequ…     

A new analytical technique to find periodic solutions of non-linear systems

Based on the classical harmonic balance method a new technique is presented to determine higher approximate periodic solutions of the non-linear differential equations. The new method is systematic and simple. The solution covers the general initial value problem (i.e., for while the existing solution is determined for a particular case, especially for . The solution is easily transformed to perturbation solution. The method is used in various non-linear problems possessing second and more than second derivatives.     

Analytical solutions for some nonlinear evolution equations

IntroductionItiswell_knownthatmanyimportantdynamicsprocessescanbedescribedbyspecificnonlinearpartialdifferentialequations .Whenanonlinearpartialdifferentialequationisusedtodescribeaphysicalparameterthatshowssomekindsofpropagationoraggregationproperties,oneofthemostimportantphysicalmotivationsistosolvethepartialdifferentialequationwithacertaintypeoftravellingwavesolution .Inthepastseveraldecades,therehavebeenmanyattemptsinthisfieldbothbymathematiciansandphysicists[1]- [16 ],however,duetothecomp…     

A generalized auxiliary equation method and its applications

In this paper, a generalized auxiliary equation method with the aid of the computer symbolic computation system Maple is proposed to construct more exact solutions of nonlinear evolution equations, namely, the higher-order nonlinear Schrödinger equation, the Whitham–Broer–Kaup system, and the generalized Zakharov equations. As a result, some new types of exact travelling wave solutions are obtained, including soliton-like solutions, trigonometric function solutions, exponential solutions, and rational solutions. The method is straightforward and concise, and its applications are promising.     

Two-dimensional electroelastic fundamental solutions for general anisotropic piezoelectric media

I.IntroductionDuetotheirintrinsiccouplingeffectbetweenmechanicalandelectricalfields,piezoelectricmaterialshavebeenwidelyusedintechnologyastransducersandsensorsand,morerecently,asactuatorsinsmartstructures.lnordertooptimizetheirmicrostructuresandunderstand…     

横观各向同性三维热弹性力学通解及其势理论法

通过引入两个位移函数，对用位移表达的运动平衡方程作了简化．利用算子理论，严格地导出了横观各向同性非耦合热弹性动力学问题的通解．对于静力学问题，通解的形式可进一步简化成用4个准调和函数来表示．具体考察了横观各向同性体内平面裂纹上下表面有对称分布温度作用的问题，推广了势理论方法，导出了一个积分方程和一个微分-积分方程．针对币状裂纹表面受均布温度作用情形，给出了具体的解。     

Theoretical analysis of generalized loadings and image forces in a planar magnetoelectroelastic layered half-plane

The problem of a planar transversely isotropic magnetoelectroelastic layered half-plane subjected to generalized line forces and edge dislocations is analyzed. The complete solutions consist only of the simplest solutions for an infinite magnetoelectroelastic medium with applied loadings. The physical meaning of this solution is the image method. It is shown that the explicit solutions include Green's function for originally applied singularities in an infinite medium and the other image singularities are induced to satisfy free surface and interface continuity conditions. The mathematical method used in this study provides an automatic determination for the locations and magnitudes of all image singularities. The locations and magnitudes of image singularities are dependent on the roots of the characteristic equation which is related to the material constants of the layered half-plane. With the aid of the generalized Peach-Koehler formula, the explicit expressions of image forces acting on dislocations are easily derived from the full-field solutions of the generalized stresses. Numerical results for the full-field distributions of stresses, electric fields, and magnetic fields in the layered half-plane medium are presented based on the analytical solutions. The image forces and equilibrium positions of one dislocation, two dislocations, and an array of dislocations are presented by numerical calculations and are discussed in detail.     

广义热弹模型的热力学基础与瞬态响应

微纳科技的快速发展与超短脉冲激光技术的广泛运用, 对描述微纳尺度超快热冲击的广义热传导及其热弹耦合理论提出迫切需求. 基于拓展热力学原理, 本文建立了考虑热传导双相滞后效应和高阶热流率的广义热弹耦合理论. 类比于力学领域黏弹性本构关系的串联、并联模型, 并受Green-Naghdi (GN)广义热传导模型启发, 本文提出了热学“弹性”单元和“黏性”单元模型, 并采用串联、并联方法实现了Cattaneo-Vernotte (CV)、GN、双相滞后(DPL)和Moore-Gibson-Thompson (MGT) 热传导模型的重构. 理论推导进一步表明, 本文新建模型对应于热学Burgers模型, 并得到了新模型中各相位滞后中松弛时间之间的比例关系. 运用拉普拉斯变换方法, 研究了一维结构受边界热冲击和移动热源作用下的瞬态响应, 计算结果表明: 新模型克服了热波速度无限大的悖论; 仅有边界热冲击载荷时, 新模型得到的响应结果均较大, 响应范围最小; 相比于无热源作用情形, 受移动热源作用时, 新模型会产生更大的峰值响应. 新模型与经典弹性理论耦合构建了广义热弹性理论, 运用该理论, 可以清晰观察到在热波和弹性波波前的应力突变. 理论方面, 本文推动了拓展热力学与连续介质力学的结合, 对于远离平衡态极端力学基础理论问题的研究具有启发意义; 应用方面, 本文研究结果可为激光等移动热源作用下材料的瞬态响应分析提供理论基础和数值方法.      

Image singularities of planar magnetoelectroelastic bimaterials for generalized line forces and edge dislocations

This study presents two-dimensional explicit full-field solutions of transversely isotropic magnetoelectroelastic bimaterials subjected to generalized line forces and edge dislocations using the Fourier-transform technique. One of the major objectives of this study is to analyze the physical meaning and the structure of the solution. Complete solutions for this problem consist only of the simplest solutions for an infinite medium. The solutions include Green's function of originally applied singularities in an infinite medium and thirty-two image singularities which are induced to satisfy interface continuity conditions. It is shown that the physical meaning of the solution is the image method. The mathematical method used in this study provides an automatic determination for the locations and magnitudes of image singularities. The locations and magnitudes of image singularities are dependent on the roots of the characteristic equation for bimaterials. The number and distribution for image singularities are discussed according to characteristic roots features. With the aid of the generalized Peach–Koehler formula, the explicit expressions of image forces acting on generalized edge dislocations are easily derived from the full-field solutions of the generalized stresses. Numerical results for the full-field distributions of stresses, electric fields, and magnetic fields in bimaterials are presented. The image forces and equilibrium positions of one dislocation, two dislocations, and an array of dislocations are presented by numerical calculations and are discussed in detail.