Thallium-201 chloride dynamic analysis using thallium-201 chloride and sodium iodide-131 thyroid subtraction scintigraphy

The mechanism of 201Tl chloride accumulation is unclear in thyroid gland and thyroid tumor. This report examines 108 patients that received thyroid scintigraphy examinations with both 201Tl chloride and sodium 131I. The patients were diagnosed clinically and histologically whenever possible. The ROI were obtained by subtraction imaging with both isotopes and by subtraction positive and negative areas of imaging. Dynamic curves were obtained for 201Tl chloride per square unit of each ROI. The dynamic curve in the radioiodide-accumulated area was examined. The data indicate that the clearance rate of 201Tl chloride (T15) was correlated with the sodium 131I uptake rate at 24 h (r = 0.70).     

Diagnosis of cold thyroid nodules by 201T1 scientigraphy

Fifty two patients with cold thyroid nodule demonstrated on the thyroid scan were imaged with 201Tl which were given intravenously as thallium chloride in dose of 2 mCi. Thirty nine of 52 patients were confirmed and investigated whether 201Tl concentrated or not. Fourteen of 15 (93 percent) thyroid carcinomas, 5 of 17 (29 percent) thyroid adenomas, 1 of 2 adenomatous goiters and all of 5 of chronic thyroiditis were visualized as positive with 201 Tl. One thyroid carcinoma did not concentrate 201Tl which was confirmed to have cystic degeneration. Of the 19 benign cold thyroid nodules except chronic thyroiditis 6 were positively visualized with 201Tl. However, 201Tl did not accumulate in the other 13 benign nodules, 11 out of which were confirmed to have cystic degeneration. The data suggests that if the thyroid nodule is found to have negative accumulation of 201Tl, malignancy can be ruled out except a small microscopical lesion.     

3.0T MRI检查结合X线钼靶诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的研究

本研究探讨3.0T磁共振成像(MRI)结合X线钼靶诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤的价值。采用回顾性研究方法,选取乳腺肿块患者110例162个病灶,给予3.0T MRI及X线钼靶检查。经病理确诊为恶性病变101个;恶性病灶形态不规则、边缘毛刺、时间-信号强度曲线(TIC)类型Ⅲ型和早期增强率≥60%比例明显高于良性病灶(P<0.05),而分叶状比例和表观扩散系数(ADC)值明显低于良性病变(P<0.05);恶性病变X线钼靶表现:形态不规则、钙化、结构不对称和大导管征比例明显高于良性病变(P<0.05);MRI联合X线钼靶诊断乳腺恶性病变的灵敏性、准确性和阴性预测值明显高于MRI诊断(P<0.05)。3.0T MRI检查结合X线钼靶诊断乳腺恶性肿瘤有较好的价值。     

CEUS联合常规超声诊断乳腺非肿块型疾病的研究

本文探讨超声造影(CEUS)联合常规超声在乳腺非肿块型疾病良恶性鉴别中的应用价值。回顾性分析68例乳腺非肿块型病变患者的影像资料,以病理结果为金标准,对比分析常规超声、CEUS及两者联合的诊断价值。68例乳腺非肿块型病变中良性28例,恶性40例;常规超声特征中,良恶性病灶在微钙化、病灶周围血流分布方面差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);CEUS中良恶性病灶在增强强度、均匀度、显影时间及穿支血管方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),TIC定量参数中,良恶性病灶在TTP、PI、AUC方面差异有统计学意义。常规超声联合CEUS诊断乳腺非肿块型疾病良恶性敏感度、特异度、准确度、阳性预测值及阴性预测值分别为:90.00%、96.43%、92.65%、97.30%、87.10%,高于单独使用常规超声或CEUS(P<0.05)。CEUS联合常规超声可显著提高乳腺非肿块型疾病良恶性的诊断效能,具有较好的临床应用价值。     

SMI技术测定血流分布模式、消融灶体积与甲状腺结节良恶性诊断及患者疗效预测的关系研究

分析SMI（微血管成像技术）测定血流分布模式、消融灶体积与甲状腺结节良恶性诊断及患者疗效预测的关系。将我院2017年1月～2019年2月期间收治的60例甲状腺结节患者依照患者术后病理检测结果分为良性组及恶性组;采用微波消融术对患者进行治疗,并在治疗前后采用SMI及CEUS（超声造影）对患者病情进行评估。结果显示,采用SMI对患者进行评估的敏感度、特异度、准确度及AUC,均明显高于CEUS,且差异存统计学意义（P<0.05）;采用SMI扫描检查的病灶未完全消融率、参与微血管率均明显高于CEUS检查,且差异存统计学意义（P<0.05）,采用SMI扫描检查的消融灶体积、消融灶长及消融灶宽均明显高于CEUS扫描检查,且差异存统计学意义（P<0.05）。证明采用SMI技术对甲状腺结节良恶性进行诊断具有较高的应用价值,并可有效用于评估临床疗效。     

CT、MRI对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值

本文探讨了计算机断层扫描（CT）、磁共振成像（MRI）对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值。方法：选取2015年3月至2018年3月本院收治的甲状腺结节患者150例，依据病理结果分为恶性48例、良性102例，所有患者均给予CT、MRI检查，分析CT、MRI对良恶性甲状腺结节的鉴别价值。结果发现，MRI总病灶、形态不规则、边界不清/毛糙、信号/密度不均检出率明显高于CT，MRI钙化灶检出率明显低于CT，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），CT、MRI淋巴结转移检出率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；在鉴别良恶性甲状腺结节的敏感度、特异度、准确度中，CT为79.17%、74.51%、76.00%，MRI为83.33%、80.39%、81.33%，CT联合MRI为95.83%、96.08%、96.00%，CT联合MRI明显高于CT、MRI，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。说明CT、MRI可作为鉴别良恶性甲状腺结节的重要方法，CT对钙化灶有较高的分辨能力，MRI对软组织及小病灶有较高的分辨能力，CT联合MRI可有效提高其鉴别价值。     

二维超声联合超声造影TIC参数在乳腺导管内病变良/恶性诊断中的应用价值

本研究分析了二维超声(2DUS)联合超声造影(CEUS)时间-强度曲线(TIC)参数在乳腺导管内病变良/恶性鉴别诊断中的应用价值.选取乳腺导管内病变患者81例(共93个病变),均行2DUS及CEUS检查.结果显示,2DUS检出恶性病变17个,良性病变48个,诊断准确度69.89％(65/93)、敏感度53.13％(17...     

超声BI-RADS联合CT对≤2 cm乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值

本文研究超声乳腺影像报告和数据系统(BI-RADS)联合计算机断层扫描(CT)对≤2 cm乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值.以≤2 cm乳腺病变患者184例为研究对象,所有患者均给予超声、CT检查,以病理学结果为对照,分析超声BI-RADS、CT及二者联合对≤2 cm乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值.病理学结果显示,乳腺癌有58例(3...     

超声弹性成像联合BI-RADS对微小(≤2cm)乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值

本文对超声弹性成像（UE）联合乳腺影像报告和数据系统（BI-RADS）对微小（≤2 cm）乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值进行了分析。研究对象选取2018年3月~2019年3月期间本院80例乳腺病变患者共112个病灶,所有患者均给予UE和BI-RADS检查,以病理检查为参照,分析UE、BI-RADS及二者联合对微小（≤2 cm）乳腺良恶性病变的鉴别价值。病理检查结果显示,112个病灶中,良性60个（53.57%）、恶性52个（46.43%）;恶性乳腺病变患者UE和BI-RADS评分明显高于良性患者,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。UE鉴别微小乳腺良恶性病变（≤2 cm）的敏感度为76.92%、特异度为76.67%、准确度为76.79%,BI-RADS的敏感度为80.77%、特异度为80.00%、准确度为80.36%,UE联合BI-RADS的敏感度、特异度、准确度分别为96.15%、95.00%、95.54%,可见UE联合BI-RADS的鉴别效果明显优异,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。本文证实了UE、BI-RADS对微小（≤2 cm）乳腺良恶性病变具有良好的鉴别价值,且二者联合的鉴别价值更高。     

TVS和CEUS诊断子宫内膜良恶性病变的价值

本次研究的目的是探讨子宫内膜良恶性病变中,经阴道超声检查(TVS)和超声造影(CEUS)的鉴别诊断价值。选取确诊的子宫内膜病变患者108例,给予TVS和CEUS检查。经病理学检查,恶性病变60例,良性病变48例;CEUS诊断子宫内膜良恶性病变的灵敏性、准确性和阴性预测值明显高于TVS检查(P<0.05);恶性病变和良性病变阻力指数(RI)、达峰时间(TTP)与峰值强度(Peak)有明显差异(P<0.05);Ⅲ~Ⅳ和Ⅰ~Ⅱ期RI、TTP和Peak有明显差异(P<0.05);RI、Peak和TTP诊断子宫内膜恶性病变的ROC曲线下面积分别为0.740、0.789和0.856,P<0.05。相比较TVS,CEUS鉴别诊断子宫内膜良恶性疾病有较好的价值,值得临床应用。     

高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺良/恶性结节的诊断价值

本文探讨了高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节良/恶性的诊断价值.选择疑似甲状腺结节患者82例作为研究对象,本研究比较了高频超声和彩色多普勒超声与术后病理结果的差异;绘制了ROC曲线,分析了高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声对甲状腺结节良/恶性的诊断效能.结果发现,病理学检查与高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声检查相比较,差异不具有...     

MRI增强扫描联合DWI检测在乳腺癌诊断中的应用

本文探究了MRI增强扫描(DCE-MRI)联合磁共振扩散加权成像(DWI)检测对乳腺癌的诊断效果。回顾性分析2015年8月~2017年8月本院收治的经手术病理证实的乳腺癌患者81例,术前均行DCE-MRI和DWI检查,根据数据绘制时间-信号强度曲线(TIC),并计算扩散系数(ADC)值。以病理结果为金标准,计算单一检测及联合检测的诊断准确率,并采用ROC分析ADC值诊断乳腺癌良/恶性的效能。结果显示,81例患者经手术病理诊断显示良性37例、恶性44例;DCE-MRI与DWI联合检测的敏感度与准确度显著高于单一检测(P<0.05);良、恶性病灶的TIC分型分布比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);恶性病灶ADC值较良性病灶低(P<0.05);ADC值诊断乳腺癌良/恶性最佳界限值为1.28×10-3 mm 2/s,灵敏度和特异度分别为86.5%和90.9%。因此,DCE-MRI与DWI联合检测可明显提高乳腺癌良/恶性病变诊断的准确度,为临床诊断提供可靠影像学依据。     

高频超声联合PSV、RI、Adler血流分级在甲状腺良恶性结节中的诊断价值

本研究探讨高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声参数在诊断甲状腺良恶性结节中的价值。选取40例甲状腺癌患者作为观察组,42例甲状腺良性结节患者作为对照组,比较两组、不同N和T分期患者高频超声联合彩色多普勒超声参数,并对数据进行统计分析。两组结节形态、边界、回声、钙化超声征象比较,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组A/T_C、A/T_L、TI-RADS分级评分、PSV、RI、Adler血流分级评分高于对照组(P<0.05)。各参数联合诊断恶性甲状腺结节的AUC为0.902,诊断N1分期的AUC为0.879,诊断Ⅲ+Ⅳ分期的AUC为0.915,均大于任一单一参数(P<0.05)。可见采用高频超声、彩色多普勒超声联合观测甲状腺结节征象与A/T_C、A/T_L、TI-RADS分级、PSV、RI、Adler分级,可诊断结节性质,并能评估恶性结节患者术前肿瘤分期,为临床治疗、决策提供量化参考。     

Estimation of absorbed dose in 131I therapy of metastasis of thyroid cancer

The radiation absorbed dose was estimated for 131I therapy of metastatic lesions of thyroid cancer, by the quantitative gamma-camera imaging. Uptake for eleven lesions in five cases (out of four patients) was measured for two times after 131I administration. Activities were calculated from opposed images with corrections for distance and depth using empirical formulae. An activity time curve was assumed as a reminder of two exponentials and fitted to measured values. The sizes of lesions were evaluated using the multi-slice CT images. An increase of frequency of activity measurement, particularly within a few days after 131I administration is desirable, for the purpose of an improvement of accuracy of dosimetry.     

对比增强能谱乳腺X线摄影在致密型乳腺疾病中的诊断价值

为了对比分析对比增强能谱乳腺X线摄影(contrast enhanced specral mammography,CESM)与全视野数字化乳腺X线摄影(full-field digital mammography,FFDM)在致密型乳腺疾病中的诊断价值,回顾性分析了2017年3月~2018年12月在我院乳腺外科就诊并经病理证实的137例患者。所有患者乳腺纤维腺体均为致密型,且在一周内行FFDM和CESM两种检查,以病理结果为金标准,计算了两种检查方法诊断致密型乳腺疾病的敏感度、特异度、阳性预测值、阴性预测值和准确率,采用卡方检验比较了FFDM与CESM在致密型乳腺疾病中的诊断效能。结果显示,137例患者经病理证实共检出140个病灶,其中良性病灶105个、恶性病灶35个。CESM诊断致密型乳腺疾病的特异度、阳性预测率和准确率均高于FFDM(P<0.05)。总之,与FFDM比较,CESM对致密型乳腺疾病的诊断效能较高。     

CDFI鉴别男性乳腺良恶性肿瘤价值及与CXCL1、Gab2、MVD的相关性探究

本研究选取18例男性乳腺恶性肿瘤患者作为研究组,纳入同期41例男性良性乳腺肿瘤及50例健康体检男性分别作为良性对照组和健康对照组,通过对比分析发现,研究组CDFI参数[搏动指数(PI)、阻力指数(RI)、血流速度(PSV)]高于良性对照组和健康对照组(P＜O.05);PI、RI、PSV联合诊断男性乳腺恶性肿瘤的AUC高...     

孤立性肺结节的CT形态学特征结合GSI模式的诊断学研究

本研究探讨CT联合能谱成像(GSI)模式诊断孤立性肺结节的临床价值。选取经肺穿刺活检或手术病理学证实的肺孤立性结节患者110例(110个肺结节),对患者的CT平扫、GSI平扫资料进行分析。根据病理学结果分为良性组(炎性结节、非典型腺瘤样增生)41例、恶性组(肺癌小结节)69例,对比两组患者的肺小结节形态学特征综合评分、动静脉期的能谱曲线斜率、40 keV CT值、标准化碘浓度(NIC)的差异。结果显示,恶性组患者的毛刺征和棘突征、分叶征、血管集束征、胸膜凹陷征、支气管征、病灶内钙化、病灶强化值及孤立性肺结节形态学特征总分均高于良性组(P<0.05);恶性组患者的动脉期、静脉期的能谱曲线斜率、40 keV CT值、NIC均低于良性组(P<0.05)。肺部孤立性恶性结节的形态学特征与肺部良性结节差异显著,恶性结节的能谱曲线斜率、40 keV CT值、NIC值与良性结节差异明显。因此,综合分析结节的形态学特征及GSI参数对其良恶性诊断具有重要意义。     

Molecular Pathological Diagnosis of Thyroid Tumors Using Spatially Resolved Metabolomics

The pathological diagnosis of benign and malignant follicular thyroid tumors remains a major challenge using the current histopathological technique. To improve diagnosis accuracy, spatially resolved metabolomics analysis based on air flow-assisted desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (AFADESI-MSI) technique was used to establish a molecular diagnostic strategy for discriminating four pathological types of thyroid tumor. Without any specific labels, numerous metabolite features with their spatial distribution information can be acquired by AFADESI-MSI. The underlying metabolic heterogeneity can be visualized in line with the cellular heterogeneity in native tumor tissue. Through micro-regional feature extraction and in situ metabolomics analysis, three sets of metabolic biomarkers for the visual discrimination of benign follicular adenoma and differentiated thyroid carcinomas were discovered. Additionally, the automated prediction of tumor foci was supported by a diagnostic model based on the metabolic profile of 65 thyroid nodules. The model prediction accuracy was 83.3% when a test set of 12 independent samples was used. This diagnostic strategy presents a new way of performing in situ pathological examinations using small molecular biomarkers and provides a model diagnosis for clinically indeterminate thyroid tumor cases.     

彩色多普勒超声在浅表软组织肿块诊断中的应用分析

本研究探讨彩色多普勒超声在浅表软组织肿块诊断中的应用价值。选取浅表组织肿块患者210例,其中良性病变患者172例,恶性病变患者38例,给予彩色多普勒超声检查。结果显示,恶性病变形态不规则、内部不均匀低回声、边界模糊、内部血流丰富比例明显高于良性病变(P<0.05);恶性病变病灶收缩期峰值流速(Vmax)和阻力指数(RI)明显高于良性病变(P<0.05),病灶最大长径/最大短径(L/S)明显低于良性病变(P<0.05);年龄、形态、内部回声、边界、内部血流、Vmax和RI建立Logistic回归方程,其诊断恶性病变的ROC曲线下面积为0.910(P<0.05),灵敏性和特异性达到84.00%和96.00%。可见彩色多普勒超声在浅表软组织肿块良恶性诊断中有较好的应用价值。     

Quantitative DNA imaging in breast tumor cells by a Hadamard transform fluorescence imaging microscope.

This paper presents a novel Hadamard transform (HT) fluorescence imaging microscope by combining multiplexed imaging technique with a conventional upright fluorescence microscope for single-cell imaging and quantitative cellular analysis. The HT imaging microscope can provide 511 x 512-pixel single-cell image with high sensitivity within 21 s. In this study, the high potential value of the microscope in biomedical analysis has been demonstrated by using it to evaluate the malignancy degree of thirty cases of human breast tumors based on the measurements of cellular DNA contents, with conclusions highly accordant with pathological diagnosis. The results show that the HT microscope has the ability to analyze very small specimens and the capability of detecting very high ploidy cells, which are advantages over flow cytometry. The microscope was also successfully applied to cellular morphological analysis, and it was demonstrated that a significant linear relationship exists between tumor nuclear DNA contents and the nuclear area, and malignant and benign tumors are significantly different in both DNA contents and nuclear area. The reliability of the HT microscope in cellular DNA measurements was also investigated.