尿中五种麻黄素类药物的气相色谱分离与测定

麻黄素类药物具有较强的中枢兴奋作用,但在体育运动竞赛中大剂量地使用,是不正当的,国际奥委会已将麻黄素、去甲麻黄素、去甲伪麻黄素、甲基麻黄素列入禁用的兴奋剂药物之内,这些药物化学结构相近,其中麻黄素与伪麻黄素、去甲麻黄素与去甲伪麻黄素为两对非对映异构体,甲基麻黄素、麻黄素与去甲麻黄素三者之间和伪麻黄素与去甲伪麻黄素二者之间具有药物代谢关系,因此寻找一个既能分离又能同时准确定量这5种麻黄素类药物     

十八烷基醚型高效液相反相色谱填料的制备

反相填料在生物学、化学和药物工业等领域应用广泛 ,大量新的性能优良的反相柱不断投入市场[1,2 ].反相固定相除选择烷基链长度在Ｃ1Ｃ18之间外 ,不同疏水配基及结构特征也可提供不同的选择性 .通常调节流动相的组成 ,可以实现对分离过程的优化 ,但在实际应用中 ,发展不同类型的柱可更有效地分离相似或相近的化合物[3 ,4].本文报道了一种制备Ｃ18烷基醚型反相ＨＰＬＣ填料的新工艺[5 ],并对所得填料进行了初步的色谱性能评价 .1　实验部分1 .1　试剂与仪器　自制球形硅胶 (Ｓｉｎｏｐａｋ Ｓ ,粒径 5μｍ ,平均孔径 1 1ｎｍ ,比表面积 1 70…     

抗抑郁药DOV216303的合成方法改进

化合物DOV216303(1),化学名为(±)-1-(3,4-二氯苯基)-3-氮杂二环[3.1.0]己烷盐酸盐[1],是由美国DOV Pharmaceutical公司开发的新型单胺递质抑制剂.它可同时抑制脑神经突触间隙中去甲肾上腺素(NET)、5-羟色胺(SERT)和多巴胺(DAT)3种单胺递质的再摄取,是这3种单胺递质的三联抑制剂[2].目前,化合物1处于抗抑郁症的Ⅰ期临床开发阶段[3].药效学研究显示,与传统单作用靶点和双重作用靶点的抗抑郁药相比,化合物1可以缩短抑郁症治疗的起效时间,提高疗效,增加患者的依从性[4].因此,化合物1作为新型抗抑郁药的开发前景良好,关于它的合成研究也越来越引起人们的重视.     

灯油藤中新倍半萜的研究

已知杀虫植物苦皮藤(Celastrus angulatus)中的一些β-二氢沉香呋喃型倍半萜表现出明显的昆虫拒食活性~[1].为进一步研究这类化合物结构与杀虫活性的关系,从而为寻找新的杀虫植物提供依据,我们对灯油藤(C.paniculatus)中的类似化合物进行了研究,从中分离出3种微量成分(1～3).初步生物活性试验表明,化合物3对粘虫(M.separata)表现出明显的拒食活性,拒食率为67％.本文报道这3种化合物的结构.     

农药代谢产物分析的研究——Ⅱ.尿中5-氯-氨茴酸的分离与薄层分析

前报^[1]中曾报道尿中杀虫脒及其部分代谢产物的气相层析分析.其中5-氯-氨茴酸熔点高,须先制成甲酯,由于尿样的纯化不佳,对该化合物的定量测定误差较大.我们曾用离子交换柱法^[2,3]进行尿样的纯化试验,发现文献中所报道的条件均不能满足对检测该化合物的需要.为此,我们进行了探索,找到了从尿中分离并纯化该化合物的较佳条件.     

基于双咪唑和二元羧酸配体的配位聚合物的合成、表征和发光性质研究

利用水热法合成了2种新的双咪唑及二元羧酸配体镉配合物[Cd(sdc)(bipe)]·H_2O(1)和[Cd(bpdc)(bipe)(H_2O)](2)[bipe=bis(4-imidazolphenoxy)ethane,H_2sdc=4,4’-sulfonyldibenzoic acid,H_2bpdc=biphenyl-4,4’-dicarboxylic acid].通过元素分析、红外光谱(IR)、X射线单晶衍射和热重分析(TG)等方法对其进行表征,并测试了2种化合物的荧光性质.化合物1展示了一个具有{4~4·6~2}拓扑的(4,4)-连接的sql二维空间网络结构,配体与金属间荷移跃迁化合物2显示了一个具有(4~(12)·6~3)的六连接pcu网状拓扑结构.荧光测试结果显示,配体与金属间发生的荷移跃迁使得化合物1和2的荧光发射峰与配体bipe相比明显发生了红移.     

反相高效液相色谱法测定~(18)F-FECNT的前体化合物nor-CClT

提出了用反相高效液相色谱法测定18F-FECNT的标记前体化合物nor-CClT[2β-甲酯基-3-β(4氯苯基)去甲基托烷]的含量。采用Lichrospher C18色谱柱作为固定相,用甲醇、水及三乙胺以体积比为65比35比0.21混合的溶液作为流动相进行分离。测定中采用紫外检测波长为230 nm,在此条件下,nor-CClT达到了与共存杂质间的良好分离,所测得峰面积值与nor-CClT的质量浓度在0.100~1.200 g.L-1范围内呈线性关系。取0.400,0.600,1.000 g.L-1nor-CClT标准溶液做精密度试验,测得日内相对标准偏差(n=5)依次为0.53%,0.46%,0.32%。     

农药代谢产物分析的研究Ⅰ.尿中杀虫脒及其代谢产物的气相层析分析

比较了五种层析柱对杀虫脒及其在大白鼠尿中部分代谢产物的分离,以上海试剂厂101白色载体(80～100目,经酸洗、碱冼处理)加1%聚乙烯基吡咯烷酮(PVP)和8%PEG20M为最佳条件.用该层析柱能同时分离杀虫脒(1)、去甲基杀虫脒(2)、N-甲酰基-4-氯-邻甲苯胺(3)及4-氯-邻甲苯胺(4)等四种化合物,以邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯作内标,能对上述四种化合物分别进行定性与定量鉴定.杀虫脒在大白鼠尿中的另一代谢物5-氯-氨茴酸(5),在制成甲酯衍生物后,可用上述层析柱进行检测.     

姜黄素及其类似物对自由基诱导的红细胞溶血的抑制作用

自由基诱导的细胞膜脂质过氧化和DNA氧化性损伤被认为与癌症、动脉硬化等疾病有关[1].姜黄素(1)是烹饪调味品中的一种黄色色素,具有抗癌、抗炎、抗氧化等多种药理作用[2].我们合成了一系列姜黄素及其类似物1～7,以自由基诱导的红细胞溶血为模型,研究了它们的抗氧化活性.发现这些化合物对以水溶性自由基引发剂AAPH诱导的红细胞溶血都有抑制作用(Figure 1),并且具有邻位酚羟基的化合物3和4比姜黄素和其他类似物具有更高的活性.这为抗氧化治疗药物的发展提供了有用的信息.     

含1,3,4-噁二唑的葡萄糖苷衍生物的合成及抑菌活性

糖苷类化合物广泛存在于生物体内,并担负着重要生物功能,天然药物及中草药中的许多活性成分是糖苷化合物[1].糖苷类化合物的良好抗菌、抗癌活性激发了广大研究者的浓厚兴趣[2-3],启发人们通过糖苷化反应作为改变或增加生物活性的重要结构修饰方法[4],以增加化合物的水溶性和导向性,改进药理学性质.     

Consequences of the formation of 3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidine on the analysis of ephedrines in urine by gas chromatography and a new method for confirmation as N-trifluoroacetyl-O-t-butyldimethylsilyl ether derivatives

The compound 3,4-dimethyl-5-phenyl-1,3-oxazolidine can appear as an artifact during the gas chromatographic analysis of ephedrines. Its presence is a risk for doping control and forensic analyses. An evaluation about the consequences of its formation showed the possibility of a false positive for ephedrine, a false negative for pseudophedrine and increased uncertainty in the quantitative approach. Misinterpretations can be avoided with the observation of fragments m/z 56 and 71 in the ephedrine mass spectrum during GC-MS analysis and also by the formation of N-TFA-O-TBDMS derivatives prior to GC analysis. These N-TFA-O-TBDMS derivatives lead to an increase in the number and mass of diagnostic ions, meet the identification criteria, and provide an improvement in chromatographic resolution, allowing the separation of the ephedrines.     

Comparison of various reversed-phase columns for the simultaneous determination of ephedrines in urine by high-performance liquid chromatography

Different reversed-phase columns for basic analytes were compared for the simultaneous determination of ephedrines in urine, such as LiChrospher 60 RP-Select B, LiChrospher 100 RP18, Hypersil BDS-C18, Inertsil ODS-2, Spherisorb ODS-B and Symmetry Shield RP8. Symmetry Shield was the only column which did not require the use of high concentrations of buffer and triethylamine. With this column, a good separation of the six ephedrines and the internal standard was achieved using 50 mM phosphate buffer–25 mM triethylamine as a mobile phase. Linearity, precision and accuracy were satisfactory for the levels usually found in urine. Due to these all parameters the developed analytical method was found to be suitable for the application in the doping field.     

HPLC分离化学发光检测药物中的马钱子碱、士的宁和麻黄类生物碱

在KMnO₄-H⁺-还原剂体系中研究了马钱子碱、士的宁和麻黄类生物碱的化学发光(CL)行为,建立了其快速灵敏的流动注射化学发光分析方法,将此法与HPLC联用,实现了上述物质的选择性测定,该方法的检出限为1.0×10^-10g/mL马钱子碱、1.0×10^-8g/mL士的宁、1.0×10^-5g/mL麻黄碱和伪麻黄碱,测定的相对标准偏差小于3%,HPLC流动相的脉动及其中的溶解氧不影响测定的精密度。此法已用于一些药物中马钱子碱等生物碱的测定,回收率为94%～101%.     

The application of chiral,non-racemic N-alkylephedrine and N,N-dialkylnorephedrine as ligands for the enantioselective aryl transfer reaction to aldehydes

The catalytic enantioselective arylation of several aldehydes using arylboronic acids as the source of transferable aryl groups is described; the reaction is found to proceed in excellent yields and high enantioselectivities (up to 96% ee) in the presence of a chiral amino alcohol derived from ephedrines and congeners.     

Simple HPLC method for detection of trace ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in high-purity methamphetamine

A simple and sensitive HPLC technique was developed for the qualitative determination of ephedrine and pseudoephedrine (ephedrines), used as precursors of clandestine d‐methamphetamine hydrochloride of high purity. Good separation of ephedrines from bulk d‐methamphetamine was achieved, without any extraction or derivatization procedure on a CAPCELLPACK C₁₈ MGII (250 × 4.6 mm) column. The mobile phase consisted of 50 mM KH₂PO₄–acetonitrile (94:6 v/v %) using an isocratic pump system within 20 min for detecting two analytes. One run took about 50 min as it was necessary to wash out overloaded methamphetamine for column conditioning. The analytes were detected by UV absorbance measurement at 210 nm. A sample (20 mg) was simply dissolved in 1 mL of water, and a 50 μL aliquot of the solution was injected into the HPLC. The detection limits for ephedrine and pseudoephedrine in bulk d‐methamphetamine were as low as 3 ppm each. This analytical separation technique made it possible to detect ephedrine and/or pseudoephedrine in seven samples of high‐purity d‐methamphetamine hydrochloride seized in Japan. The presence of trace ephedrines in illicit methamphetamine may strongly indicate a synthetic route via ephedrine in methamphetamine profiling. This method is simple and sensitive, requiring only commonly available equipment, and should be useful for high‐purity methamphetamine profiling. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

THE STUDIES ON THE SEPARATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF EPHEDRINES IN URINE BY GC/MSD

The separation and identification of the ephedrines(cathine, norephe-drine, ephedrine, pseudoephedrine, methylephedrine and ethylephedrine)and theirderivatives obtained from TFAA, MSTFA, MSTFA+MBTFA and MSTFA+Ethyl acetate deriva-tization were carried out by GC/MSD.     

Impurity profiling of ephedrines in methamphetamine by high-performance liquid chromatography

Separation of the enantiomers and diastereomers of ephedrines was investigated for impurity profiling of methamphetamine. We describe a method for the analysis of (1S,2R)-(+)-ephedrine, (1R,2S)-(-)-ephedrine, (1S,2S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine and racemic methylephedrine in bulk methamphetamine by HPLC using two different columns: a phenyl-beta-cyclodextrin-type column and an ODS-type column. The analytes were detected by UV absorbance measurement at 210 nm. As little as 0.05% of each ephedrine in bulk methamphetamine could be determined. In the impurity profiling of methamphetamine, the identification of ephedrines may provide valuable information about the precursor. This method was confirmed to be sufficiently sensitive to identify trace amounts of (1R,2S)-(-)-ephedrine and (1S,2S)-(+)-pseudoephedrine in bulk methamphetamine synthesized by the Emde method.     

Separation of Ephedrines Using 1—Butyl—3—methylimidazolium—tetrafluoroborate Ionic Liquids as Eluent in High—performance Liquid Chromatography （HPLC）

A simple,effective HPLC method for separation of ephedrines was achieved by using 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium-tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid solution (0.1% v/v) as eluent at pH3.0. The involved mechanism may be due to that the imidazolium cations can effectively shield the silanol groups of alkylsilica surface,thereby decreasing band tainling and increasing the separation efficiency.     

1,3-Heterazolidines-2-heterounsaturated compounds derived from ephedrines

Herein, a direct and easy method for preparing 2-oxo-, 2-thione- or 2-imine-1,3-heterazolidines derived from ephedrines and norephedrines are reported. The method is based on solvent free heating of ephedrines with oxocyanate or thiocyanate salts (180–200 °C). In the reactions with potassium oxocyanate in refluxing ethanol, it was possible to isolate ureidic derivatives. The structure and stereochemistry of the compounds were determined by ¹H, ¹³C NMR, IR spectroscopies and mass spectrometry. Ureidic derivatives, cis-1,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-imidazolidine-2-thione and trans-4-methyl-5-phenyl-thiazolidine-2-one are new compounds. Ephedrineurea, cis-1,5-dimethyl-4-phenyl-imidazolidine-2-thione and trans-4-methyl-5-phenyl-thiazolidine-2-one were also studied by X-ray diffraction.