A General Regioselective Synthesis of Alcohols by Cobalt-Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Epoxides

A straightforward methodology for the synthesis of anti-Markovnikov-type alcohols is presented. By using a specific cobalt triphos complex in the presence of Zn(OTf)₂ as an additive, the hydrogenation of epoxides proceeds with high yields and selectivities. The described protocol shows a broad substrate scope, including multi-substituted internal and terminal epoxides, as well as a good functional-group tolerance. Various natural-product derivatives, including steroids, terpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids, gave access to the corresponding alcohols in moderate-to-excellent yields.     

Ni／SiO2催化剂上间二硝基苯液相加氢制间苯二胺

 将等体积浸渍法制备的Ni／SiO2催化剂应用于间二硝基苯液相加氢制间苯二胺反应中，通过BET，XRD，TEM，TPR，H2－TPD和活性评价等方法对催化剂的物化性质及催化性能进行了研究，考察了镍含量对催化剂活性的影响．结果表明，Ni／SiO2催化剂不仅具有很高的催化活性，而且对间苯二胺表现出很高的选择性；催化剂的活性随着镍含量的不同而有所变化．当w（Ni）＜20％时，随着镍负载量的增加，催化剂的活性逐渐升高，而当w（Ni）≥20％时，催化剂的活性和选择性基本趋于稳定．影响催化剂活性及选择性的主要因素是催化剂的活性比表面积．     

A General Regioselective Synthesis of Alcohols by Cobalt‐Catalyzed Hydrogenation of Epoxides

A straightforward methodology for the synthesis of anti‐Markovnikov‐type alcohols is presented. By using a specific cobalt triphos complex in the presence of Zn(OTf)₂ as an additive, the hydrogenation of epoxides proceeds with high yields and selectivities. The described protocol shows a broad substrate scope, including multi‐substituted internal and terminal epoxides, as well as a good functional‐group tolerance. Various natural‐product derivatives, including steroids, terpenoids, and sesquiterpenoids, gave access to the corresponding alcohols in moderate‐to‐excellent yields.     

水溶性纳米ni催化氢化氯代硝基苯制备氯代苯胺

水溶性纳米镍;催化加氢;氯代硝基苯;氯代苯胺     

Raney镍催化松香加氢反应的机理

催化加氢;反应机理;氢化松香;Raney镍催化松香加氢反应的机理     

TiO2担载镍催化剂上硝基苯液相加氢（英文）

The catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline employing nickel impregnated on rutile,anatase,and high surface area titania supports has been investigated.The nickel is present in elemental state as fcc phase on the catalyst as evidenced by X-ray diffraction results.The Ni crystallite size was found to be greater for Ni/anatase.The temperature-programmed reduction results suggest a greater metal-support interaction for Ni/rutile.The observed order of catalytic activity for the hydrogenation of nitrobenzene is Ni/rutile > Ni/anatase > Ni/TiO2.A conversion of 99% was observed for Ni/rutile at 140 oC and hydrogen pressure of 1.96 MPa.Interestingly,aniline is the only product formed which demonstrates the catalytic hydrogenation of nitrobenzene proceeds with atom economy.Both Ni/rutile and Ni/anatase exhibited a better stability than Ni/TiO2.The hydrogenation proceeds with the preferential adsorption of hydrogen on nickel present in the catalyst surface,possibly assisted by TiOx species.     

非晶合金NiB催化芳环及硝基的加氢性能

催化氢化;非晶合金NiB催化芳环及硝基的加氢性能     

镍基催化剂上苯酐选择性加氢合成苯酞

分别以SiO2,TiO2,γ-Al2O3,TiO2-SiO2和TiO2-Al2O3为载体,以硝酸镍为镍源,采用等体积浸渍法制备了一系列镍基催化剂,并将其用于苯酐选择性加氢合成苯酞反应.结果表明,以TiO2-SiO2为载体制备的镍催化剂上Ni0活性组分分散度较高,催化剂表现出较高的活性和苯酞选择性.在此基础上,采用溶胶-凝胶法制备出了一系列Ni/TiO2-SiO2催化剂,考察了催化剂制备中各因素(包括溶剂、焙烧温度、还原温度和镍前驱体类型等)对其催化苯酐加氢反应性能的影响.结果表明,将镍前驱体溶于不同溶剂制备的催化剂性能差异很大,其中以水为溶剂制备的催化剂活性较高,且性能优于等体积浸渍法制备的相应催化剂.焙烧温度和还原温度过高会导致活性组分镍晶粒度变大,致使催化剂活性明显降低.镍源对Ni/TiO2-SiO2催化剂的性能影响较大,以硫酸镍为镍源制备的催化剂几乎无活性,而以氯化镍和硝酸镍为镍源制备的催化剂表现出较高的催化活性和选择性,其中以氯化镍制备的催化剂性能略高于硝酸镍,苯酐转化率为100%,苯酞选择性为88.5%.     

Ni-Ce-P非晶态合金催化剂用于氯代硝基苯液相加氢制氯代苯胺

 采用化学还原法制备了Ni-Ce-P非晶态合金催化剂,用X射线能谱、 X射线衍射、 选区电子衍射、 透射电子显微镜和差热分析等方法对催化剂的组成、结构、形貌及热稳定性进行了表征,讨论了Ni-Ce-P非晶态合金催化剂的催化性能和结构的关系,并以氯代硝基苯液相加氢合成氯代苯胺为探针反应考察了所制备催化剂的加氢性能. 研究结果表明,在不加脱卤抑制剂的情况下,在110 ℃下反应时所选4种反应物的转化率均可达99.8%, 脱卤率小于1.8%, 且Ni-Ce-P非晶态合金的活性为Ni-P非晶态合金催化剂的2倍,表现出较高的加氢性能和抑制脱卤性能.     

新型Ni/TiO2催化剂用于对硝基苯酚催化加氢

以介孔氧化钛晶须为载体,采用等体积浸渍法制备了Ni/TiO2催化剂,通过扫描电镜、X射线衍射、N2吸附脱附、热重分析和程序升温还原技术对催化剂及其前驱体进行了表征,考察了催化剂中Ni含量及焙烧和还原温度对催化剂催化对硝基苯酚加氢反应性能的影响.结果表明,Ni/TiO2催化剂不仅具有晶须状形貌和高结晶度的锐钛晶型,还保持了高比表面积和介孔结构.随着Ni/TiO2催化剂中镍负载量的增加,对硝基苯酚转化率逐渐增加,当镍负载量超过10%时,催化剂活性和选择性没有明显变化.当镍负载量为10%,焙烧和还原温度分别为500和450 ℃时,Ni/TiO2催化剂的加氢活性最佳,是Raney Ni的4倍.该催化剂循环使用7次后未发现明显失活.     

Towards Norcorrin: Hydrogenation Chemistry and the Heterodimerization of Nickel(II) Norcorrole

5,14‐Dimesitylnorcorrolatonickel(II) was hydrogenated under mild conditions (room temperature, 1 atm H₂, THF solution, 5 min.) in the presence of Raney nickel to yield nonaromatic derivatives that were isolated and characterized by NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectrophotometry, HRMS, cyclic voltammetry, and X‐ray diffraction analysis. The major hydrogenation product, 1,2,3,7,8,9‐hexahydronorcorrolatonickel(II), underwent dimerization in the presence of p‐chloranil to give a nonsymmetrically linked 2,3′‐bis(norcorrole) system that can adopt eight different oxidation states over a redox potential window of 3 V and has a HOMO–LUMO gap of 0.92 V.     

(Cu)CeO2复合氧化物对硝基苯加氢反应的催化性能

(Cu)CeO2复合氧化物对硝基苯加氢反应的催化性能     

Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂用于卤代硝基苯液相加氢制卤代苯胺

 用化学还原法制备了Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂,并将其用于4种卤代硝基苯的液相加氢反应. 采用X射线衍射和透射电子显微镜研究了催化剂的非晶性质. 在373 K下处理2 h后催化剂保持非晶态结构,在773 K下处理2 h后催化剂完全晶化. 讨论了Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂的催化性能与其结构之间的关系,并与其它Ni基催化剂进行了比较. Ni-B非晶态合金催化剂不仅具有较高的催化活性,而且对卤代芳胺的选择性较高,脱卤率小于4%,优于其它Ni基催化剂.     

Ni-Co-B非晶态合金催化剂用于氯代硝基苯液相加氢制氯代苯胺

 用化学还原法制备了 Ni-Co-B 非晶态合金催化剂,并采用透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜、选区电子衍射、X射线衍射、X射线能谱和差热-热重分析等表征手段研究了催化剂的非晶性质和原子组成等. 将此催化剂用于邻氯硝基苯和 3,4-二氯硝基苯的液相催化加氢反应,结果表明,当Co/(Co+Ni)=0.5 (摩尔比)时, Ni-Co-B 催化剂具有较好的加氢性能和较高的抑制脱卤性能. 在不加脱卤抑制剂的情况下,两种氯代硝基苯的转化率均接近100%, 脱卤率分别为1.12%和0.42%, 优于使用 Ni-B 和 Co-B 非晶态合金催化剂时的结果. 还讨论了将Co引入到 Ni-B 非晶态合金催化剂时对其性能的影响.     

Ni-B/SiO2非晶态催化剂应用于硝基苯液相加氢制苯胺

 考察了Ni－B／SiO2非晶态催化剂在高压液相硝基苯加氢制苯胺反应中的催化活性和选择性．研究表明,该催化剂不仅具有很高的催化活性,而且对苯胺的选择性较高,优于RaneyNi以及其它Ni基催化剂．晶化导致催化剂失活．载体的存在不仅能提高催化剂的分散度,而且能对非晶态结构起稳定化作用;将催化剂保存在乙醇中可保持其活性不变．结合催化剂的表征,讨论了Ni－B／SiO2非晶态催化剂的催化性能与其结构的关系．     

MoP催化剂上乙炔选择性催化加氢

通过高温还原法制得磷化钼(MoP)催化剂,采用X射线衍射和原位x射线光电子能谱对其进行了表征,并考察其催化乙炔选择性加氢性能.结果表明,在650℃经H2还原制得的催化剂中形成了大量的低价态物种MoP,但仍含有大量的高价态Mo和P物种,该催化剂具有加氢活性中心和缺电子中心双重功能,在乙炔选择性加氢反应中,乙炔转化率超过9...     

Highly Selective and Practical Iron-Catalyzed Formal Hydrogenation of Epoxides to Primary Alcohols Using Formic Acid

A highly selective, efficient and practical method for synthesizing primary alcohols was presented. By using cheap Fe(BF₄)₂ ⋅ 6H₂O and /tris[2-(diphenylphosphino)phenyl]phosphine ( L1 ) as catalysts with formic acid as hydrogen source, a variety of primary alcohols bearing versatile functional groups could be obtained from both alkyl- and aryl-substituted epoxides under mild conditions.     

杂多酸盐修饰骨架镍催化剂上肉桂醛的选择加氢

研究了杂多酸盐改性：Raney Ni催化剂上肉桂醛选择加氢制备肉桂醇的反应，考察了杂多酸盐负载量、反荷阳离子、杂多阴离子对RaneyNi催化剂上肉桂醛加氢活性和选择性的影响，结果表明：随着Cu1.5PMo12O40负载量增加，肉桂醛加氢沽性降低而生成肉桂醇的选择性增加，当Cu1.5PMo12O40负载量达到6．3％时，肉桂醇的选择性达到了26．4％，而没有改性的RaneyNi催化剂上肉桂醛加氢生成肉桂醇的选择性为零；在各种不同反荷阳离子的PM012盐中，只有反荷阳离子为Cu2 的Cu1.5PMo12O40改性Raney Ni催化剂具有最高的选择性，在选定的四种杂多阴离子的铜盐中，Cu2SiMo12O40和Cu2SiW12O40改性Raney Ni催化剂的选择性为零，Cul．5PW12O40改性Raney Ni催化剂上肉桂醛加氢生成肉桂醇的选择性也比Cu1.5PMo12O40改性Raney Ni的低的多．     

稻壳SiO2/钒催化剂上苯乙酮液相氧化（英文）

Rice husk silica catalyst loaded with 10 wt% vanadium was synthesized from agricultural biomass via a sol-gel synthetic route at pH = 9. The catalyst was characterized by different physico-chemical methods. The FTIR spectra showed the formation of Si–O–V and V=O stretching bands. The presence of vanadium was confirmed by EDX elemental analysis. RH-10V possessed a high specific surface area of 276 m2/g and pore volume of 0.83 ml/g. The prepared catalyst possessed a narrow pore size distribution centered around 7.9 nm. The catalytic performance of RH-10V was tested in the oxidation of acetophenone at 70 ℃. RH-10V was found to be an active catalyst in the oxidation of acetophenone, producing 36.28% conversion efficiency. The products identified were benzoic acid, 2-hydroxyacetophenone, phenol, acetic acid, and 3-hydroxyacetophenone.     

吸附相反应技术制备双金属 Ag-Ni 催化剂用于硝基苯液相加氢

 浙江大学化学工程与生物工程学系, 浙江杭州 310027 摘要：采用吸附相技术在乙醇-水体系中分别制备了硅胶和高岭土负载的 Ag-Ni 双金属催化剂, 并用于硝基苯低温液相加氢制苯胺反应. 考察了催化剂中 Ni 含量和 Ni/Ag 比对催化剂形貌和活性的影响. 结果表明, 高岭土或硅胶负载的催化剂在 Ni/Ag = 5 (摩尔比) 时活性较高, 且都存在一个最佳 Ni 含量, 分别为 0.04% 和 0.03%. 在相同条件下, 以高岭土负载的 Ag-Ni 催化剂的活性和苯胺收率更高.