One-pot Three-component Condensation Reactions in Water. An Efficient and Improved Procedure for the Synthesis of Furan Annulated Heterocycles

The environment-friendly one-pot three-component condensation reactions of 4-hydroxycoumarin or 4-hydroxy-6-methylpyrone, p-substituted benzaldehyde, and alkyl or aryl isocyanides to afford furocoumarines or furopyranones in water in good yields after about one hour at 75°C are reported.     

An Improved and Convenient Procedure for the Synthesis of Ozagrel

Ozagrel 1 is a 1-alkylimidazole derivative that acts as a selective inhibitor ofthromboxane A2 (TXA2) with an IC50 of 11mol/L. The beneficial effects of TXA2inhibition by ozagrel include improved motor coordination after experimental stroke, andantihypert…     

Efficient synthesis of functionalized 2,5-dihydrofurans and 1,5-dihydro-2<Emphasis Type="Italic">H</Emphasis>-pyrrol-2-ones by reaction of isocyanides with activated acetylenes in the presence of hexachloroacetone

Isocyanides react smoothly with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate in the presence of hexachloroacetone to produce dimethyl 5-[alkyl(aryl)imino]-2,2-bis(trichloromethyl)-2,5-dihydro-furan-3,4-dicarboxylates in high yields. When the reaction was performed with dibenzoylacetylene, 3-benzoyl-1-alkyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxy-5-phenyl-1,5-dihydro-2H-pyrrol-2-ones were obtained. Correspondence: Issa Yavari, Chemistry Department, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.     

Reactions between isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates in the presence of 1,2-diacylhydrazines. One-pot synthesis of highly functionalized pyrazoles

The reactive 1:1 intermediate produced in the reaction between isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates was trapped with 1,2-diacylhydrazines to yield highly functionalized pyrazoles in good yields.     

尿素催化的高效绿色Knoevenagel缩合反应

An efficient and green procedure for the urea catalyzed Knoevenagel condensation was developed. In the presence of a catalytic ammount of urea, stoichiometric aldehyde and active methylene compound reacted under sol-vent-free conditions at 100℃ for 5-60 min to give nearly quantitative yield of product.     

Organic Reactions in Ionic Liquids： Ionic Liquid-promoted Three-component Condensation of Benzotriazole with Aldehyde and Alcohol

1-(α-Alkoxyalkyl)benzotriazoles are readily synthesized from three-component condensation of benzotriazole with aldehyde and alcohol in ionic liquid [Bmim]PF6.     

Reaction Between Isocyanides and Dialkyl Acetylenedicarboxylates in the Presence of Hydantoins – A One-pot Synthesis of Stable Ketenimines

Summary. The reactive 1:1 intermediate produced in the reaction between isocyanides and dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates was trapped by hydantoins to yield highly functionalized stable ketenimines in fairly good yields.     

A Simple Procedure for Preparing Annulated p-Benzoquinones. Improved Synthesis of 1,4-Dihydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene-5,8-dione

A simple and efficient two-step, one-pot synthesis of substituted 1,4-dihydro-1,4-methanonaphthalene-5,8-diones is reported. This synthesis, which utilizes readily available starting materials and inexpensive reagents, can be used to prepare 1a-1c in 70–90% overall yield. This procedure was extended successfully to prepare a more highly complex annulated p-benzoquinone i.e., 8.     

An Efficient and Practical Procedure for Synthesis of Diacetals

Pentaerythritol diacetals are useful in many fields. They can be applied as plasticizers and vulcanizers of various polymeric materials, as raw materials for production of valuable resins and lacquers, as physiologically active substances and as defoamers for washing solution containing anionic surfactants. [ 1 ～ 4] Synthsis of diacetals from 2,2bis(hydroxymethyl)-1, 3-propanediol with aldehydes and ketones in refluxing toluene using ZrO2/S2O2- 8 solid superacid as catalyst in 85% ～ 99% yields has been described. The catalysts are easily regenerated by washing with ethanol followed by drying at 120 ℃ for 4 h and could be reused 5 times for the synthesis pentaerythritol diacetal 3e without significant loss of activity. This method possesses the advantages of the operational simplicity, short reaction time, use of inexpensive materials, non-corrosion, non-polluting, high yields and reusable catalysts.     

One-pot Three-component Synthesis of 4,4′-Arylidene-bis(3-methyl-pyrazolones) Derivatives in Water

Aldehydes, hydrazine and ethyl acetoacetate were used for the synthesis of 4,4′-arylidene-bis (3-methyl-pyrazolones) derivatives in water. In this green synthetic protocol, the solvent water itself catalyzed the reaction via hydrogen bonding, thus avoiding the use of any other catalyst to make the work up procedure easier. One-pot, environmental friendly and convenient are the highlights.     

An Improved Procedure for the Synthesis of Ethyl Glycidate

Ethylglycidate (1), is a useful intermediate which can be used in several reactions involving epoxide ring opening with the introduction of an ester function and in co-polymer chemistry (1,2). Emmons and Pagano (3) described the preparation of I by epoxidation of ethyl acrylate with peroxytrifluoroacetic acid in 54% yield.     

Efficient Synthesis of Fluorescent Coumarins and Phosphorous-Containing Coumarin-Type Heterocycles via Palladium Catalyzed Cross-Coupling Reactions

Quantum-chemical calculations on the spectral properties of some aryl substituted 3-phosphonocoumarins were performed, and the effect of the substituents in the aryl moiety was evaluated. The structures possessing promising fluorescent properties were successfully synthesized via Suzuki and Sonogashira cross-coupling. The synthetic protocol was also applied for the phosphorous chemoisomer of 3-phosphonocoumarin, 1,2-benzoxaphosphorin, and their carboxylate analogues. The optical properties of the arylated and alkynylated products were experimentally determined. The obtained quantum-chemical and experimental results give the possibility for a fine tuning of the optical properties of phosphorous-containing coumarin systems by altering the substituent at its C-6 position.     

Efficient One-pot Synthesis of Pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline and Pyrrolo[1,2-a]quinoline Derivatives

A one-pot sequential reaction for efficient synthesis of pyrrolo[2,1-a]isoquinoline and pyrrolo[1,2-a]-quinoline derivatives has been developed. The reaction included firstly the Cu-catalyzed three-component reaction of isoquinoline(quinoline), acetylenedicarboxylate and alkynylbenzene and then Cs₂CO₃-promoted intramolecular cyclization reaction of initially formed 1-alkenyl-2-alkynyl-1,2-dihydroisoquinoline(1,2-dihydroquinoline).     

An Efficient One-pot Synthesis of 4H-Pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinolines

Summary. Dialkyl 4H-pyrrolo[3,2,1-ij]quinoline-4,5-dicarboxylates are obtained in quantitative yields from the 1:1:1 addition reaction between triphenylphosphine, dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylates, and indole-7-carboxaldehyde.     

An Improved General Procedure for the Synthesis of Aryloxysulfonyl Azides

In 1975, we have described the first synthesis of the aryloxysulfonyl azides (aryl azidosulfates),¹ the interest of which is confirmed to be varied, especially about the elaboration of molecules such that sulfamates² (Ar-O-SO₂-NH₂), not easily accessible by other methods and endowed with very important biological properties.^3–5 Their cycloaddition on bicyclic olefinic systems gives a new family of N-substituted aziridines, the N-aryloxy-3-aza-tricyclo[3,2,1,0^{2,4 exo}]octanes.⁶ They react with trivalent phosphorus compounds to afford some very interesting phosphine-imides.⁷     

Novel,Efficient, and Green Procedure for the Knoevenagel Condensation Catalyzed by Diammonium Hydrogen Phosphate in Water

Knoevenagel condensation of various aromatic and heteroaromatic aldehydes with active methylene compounds like methyl and ethyl cyanoacetate, malononitrile, and cyanoacetamide proceeds smoothly with stirring in water in the presence of 4 mol% of diammonium hydrogen phosphate. The reactions were carried out at room temperature in short periods with very simple workup procedure and good to high yields.     

近临界水中苯甲醛与丙酮的Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应

在近临界水中进行有机合成为可持续化学合成提供了新的途径。对近临界水中苯甲醛与丙酮的Claisen-Schmidt缩合反应的研究表明,在没有外加任何催化剂的条件下,苯甲醛与丙酮可顺利地发生缩合反应,近临界水在其中兼作溶剂和催化剂,避免了碱催化剂的使用和随后繁杂的中和、分离步骤以及产生废弃盐等弊端。温度、反应时间和初始水量对反应的转化率和苯丁烯酮的产率有不同的影响。     

Uncatalyzed Condensation Reactions between Aromatic Aldehydes and Thiobarbituric Acid in Water

A series of 5-arylidene thiobarbituric acids were prepared from aromatic aldehydes and thiobarbituric acid in water without catalyst conditions in good yields. The structures were characterized by elemental analysis, IR and ^1H NMR spectra.     

Ionic Liquid as Catalyst and Reaction Medium: A Simple and Efficient Procedure for Paal–Knorr Furan Synthesis

The ionic liquid 1-butyl-3-methyl-imidazolium hydrogen sulfate, [bmim]HSO₄, efficiently catalyzes Paal–Knorr furan synthesis without any organic solvent. A wide range of aliphatic and aromatic 1,4-diketones easily undergo condensations to form furan derivatives, providing a general and convenient procedure. The Paal–Knorr reaction of ester-substituted 1,4-diketones is first reported. The ionic liquid can be recovered and reused for subsequent runs without any appreciable loss of efficiency.