共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 93 毫秒
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综述了近年来壳聚糖及其衍生物在处理工业废水中的应用.壳聚糖及其衍生物可处理工业废水中的重金属离子,如Cr(Ⅵ)、Cu(Ⅱ)和Zn(Ⅱ)等;可处理含染料的工业废水,如处理直接紫B、直接绿BE以及甲基橙等染料;还可用于处理印染、造纸和含油废水.壳聚糖及其衍生物具有易分离、可生物降解,无污染等特点,是绿色的水处理剂,且我国壳聚糖资源极为丰富,探索其在工业废水处理中的应用有着重要的价值. 相似文献
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《Mendeleev Communications》2021,31(4):504-506
The pyridoxal derivatives of chitosan with various degrees of substitution (DS) were synthesized from low-, moderate- and high-molecular-weight chitosans by their reaction with pyridoxal followed by treatment with NaBH4. The derivative of moderate molecular weight and high DS demonstrated a maximum antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli. The nanoparticles of this derivative obtained by ionic gelation are nontoxic, and they exhibit a high in vitro antibacterial effect, which slightly exceeds that of ampicillin and gentamicin. 相似文献
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壳聚糖及其衍生物在农业上的应用 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
壳聚糖是一种具有许多优良的特性且来源丰富的可再生绿色高分子材料.本文简要介绍了近几年来应用化学、物理和酶催化三种方法对壳聚糖的改性.同时介绍了壳聚糖及其衍生物作为生物调节剂、农药、化肥和果蔬保鲜剂等在农业上应用的研究进展. 相似文献
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疫苗佐剂能够增强机体对抗原的免疫应答反应或改变免疫应答反应类型,延长疫苗在体内作用时间,提高疫苗效力。壳聚糖能有效地将疫苗递送到靶抗原递呈细胞或组织,激活抗原提呈细胞,诱导产生免疫应答,促进Th1/Th2应答反应的平衡,因此,壳聚糖作为疫苗佐剂具有一定的潜力。为了解决壳聚糖在中性和碱性溶液中溶解性差,以及进一步提高其黏膜黏附性和靶向性等问题,通过对壳聚糖进行化学改性,生成一系列壳聚糖衍生物,提高其佐剂性能。本论文就近年来有关壳聚糖及其衍生物作为疫苗佐剂和递送系统在疫苗中的应用进行了综述,总结并提出了壳聚糖及其衍生物在疫苗佐剂应用领域所面临的问题以及其未来的发展方向,使读者对其有全面的了解。 相似文献
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以壳聚糖(CTS)、水杨醛(Sal)、2-羟基-4-甲氧基苯甲醛(2-Hy)、香草醛(Val)和邻香草醛(O-val)为原料,经过缩合反应得到四种壳聚糖衍生物(CTS-Sal,CTS-2Hy,CTS-Val,CTS-O-val),采用红外光谱(FT-IR)和紫外分光光谱(UV)对结构进行了表征。通过微量液体稀释法和真菌菌丝生长速率法测定了四种衍生物对灰霉菌的最小抑菌浓度(MIC)和半抑制量浓度(EC50)。结果表明,与CTS相比,四种衍生物对灰霉菌均有明显抑制作用,其中CTS-2Hy的MIC和EC50均最小,分别为1 184.49μg·m L-1和724.44μg·m L-1。 相似文献
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In this work, n-alkyl chitosan (N-CTS) was obtained by alkylation modification of chitosan with n-butylaldehyde using Schiff alkali method. The etherifying agent 3-chloro-2-hydroxypropyl triethylammonium chloride (CHPTAC-ethyl) was synthesized from triethylamine and epichlorohydrin. The N-CTS and CHPTAC-ethyl were etherized to finally synthesize n-alkyl quaternary ammonium chitosan (N-CCTS). Scanning electron microscope, X-ray diffractometer, Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and 13CNMR were used to characterize the surface morphology and chemical structure. Viscosity method and spectrophotometry were used to determine its physical and chemical properties. The etherification reaction mechanism was studied systematically and the influence of reaction conditions on the degree of substitution and solubility of N-CCTS was investigated. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of N-CCTS against Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) was both 0.15 g/L, which was superior to the MIC value of natural chitosan. N-CCTS was used to finish rabbit hair fabric with citric acid as cross-linking agent and sodium hypophosphite as catalyst. The antibacterial and washing resistance of the product were investigated. After 25 times of washing, the antibacterial rate of N-CCTS against E. coli and S. aureus remained stable at about 90%, and the antibacterial rate was higher than that of N-CTS and natural chitosan, and it was a kind of natural polymer long-acting antibacterial finishing agent for rabbit hair fabric. 相似文献
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Chi-Hsiung Jou Shang-Ming Lin Ling Yun Mou-Chuan Hwang Da-Guang Yu Wen-Li Chou Jui-Sheng Lee Ming-Chien Yang 《先进技术聚合物》2007,18(3):235-239
Poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) fiber was treated with 60Co-γ-ray and grafted with acrylic acid (AA). The resulting fibers were further grafted with chitosan (CS) via esterification. Afterward collagen (COL) was immobilized onto CS-grafting fibers. The antibacterial activity of CS against Staphylococus aureus, Escherichia coli, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa was preserved after COL-immobilization. After immobilizing COL, the L929 fibroblasts cell proliferation was promoted than CS-grafting PET fiber. The results indicate that by grafting with CS and immobilizing with COL, PET fibers exhibited both antibacterial activity against four pathological bacteria and improvement in the proliferation of fibroblast. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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玉米醇溶蛋白/壳聚糖复合纳米微球的制备及性能研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以生物相容性的玉米醇溶蛋白(Zein)和壳聚糖(Chitosan)为原料,利用溶剂-非溶剂相分离法成功制备了玉米醇溶蛋白/壳聚糖复合纳米微球(NSZ/CS),运用FT-IR、SEM和TEM等对复合纳米微球进行了表征。采用罗丹明B(RB)为模型药物分子,研究了复合纳米微球的药物释放性能。与玉米醇溶蛋白纳米微球(NSZ)相比,复合纳米微球NSZ/CS对RB和Dox·HCl的包封率显著上升,分别可达83.5%和75.3%。NSZ/CS对RB的累积释放量也大幅度提高。在模拟人工胃液和人工肠液中,NSZ/CS对RB释放36 h后,累积释放量分别为85.2%和95.4%。进一步将NSZ/CS用于负载抗癌药物盐酸阿霉素(Dox·HCl),发现Dox@NSZ/CS在p H=7.4的磷酸缓冲液(PBS)中的累积释放量达91.0%。复合纳米微球NSZ/CS有望作为水溶性药物载体应用于生物医药领域。 相似文献
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