Structural analogues of bradykinin and other vasoactive peptides in the venom of the wasp Polistes gallicus

Six vasoactive peptides have been isolated in the homogeneous state from the venom of the waspPolistes gallicus. Their full amino acid sequences have been determined. It has been shown that four of them are structural analogues of bradykinin with additional N- and C-terminal sequences and intramolecular substitutions of amino acids. Some structure-function relationships in bradykinin analogues are discussed.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 389–393, May–June, 1990.     

Vasoactive peptides from venom of the wasp Polistes gallicus. Isolation and physicochemical and functional properties

Six vasoactive peptides have been isolated in the homogeneous form from the venom of the waspPolistes gallicus. Their physicochemical characteristics have been investigated. The wasp kinins exhibit myotropic and hypotensive effects. One of the kinins shows a prolonged hypotensive action.A. S. Sadykov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 564–568, July–August, 1989.     

Polysaccharides of brown algae

Conclusions A sulfated peptidoglucuronoglycan, sargassan, has been isolated from the brown algaS. pallidum. The carbohydrate chain of this substance consists of D-galactose, D-mannose, D-xylose, L-fucose, and D-glycuronic acid residues. Some minor monosaccharide components may possibly be present in it. The peptides consist of 16 common amino acids.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 285–289, 1970     

Isolation and characteristics of the protamine fromAcipenser stellatus

Conclusions A protamine, which has been named stellin, has been isolated from the mass of sperm of the sevruga(Acipenser stellatus).Stellin is heterogeneous and consists of a mixture of peptides differing in amino acid composition and in chain length. There is great similarity between stellin and sturin both with respect to amino acid composition and with respect to N-terminal amino acids.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 6, No. 1, pp. 119–123, 1970     

The structure of the sesquiterpene lactone saupirin

Conclusions A new sesquiterpene lactone, saupirin, has been isolated from the epigeal green part ofSaussurea neopulchella Lipsch. andSaussurea pulchella Fisch., and structure (I) has been proposed for it.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute for Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 727–736, November–December, 1971.     

Esters of Ferula karakalensis. Structure and stereochemistry of karaferin and karaferinin

Two new guaiane esters — karaferin and karaferinin — have been isolated fromFerula karakalensis, and their structures and stereochemistry have been established. It has been shown that theFerula sesquiterpene alcohols angrendiol, ugamdiol, and karaferol are biogenetically interconnected and are products of a single chain of the biogenesis of terpenoids in plants.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Republic Academy of Sciences, Tashkent; Botanical Garden of Moscow State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 227–231, March–April, 1993.     

The polybuffer separation of the alkaloids of Vinca erecta

Summary By separating the total alkaloids ofV.erecta according to their basicities in an APS, in addition to bases known previously we have isolated ervincidine, apovincamine, (+)-quebrachamine, dl-eburnamine, (–)-1,2-dehydroaspidospermidine, and kopsanone. This is the first time that these alkaloids have been obtained from this plant. Thin-layer chromatography showed the presence of another 10–12 uncharacterized alkaloids.The region of the passage into the buffer solutions of some alkaloids has also been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 713–717, November–December, 1970.     

The structure of teucrin A

Summary The structure of a new 18-norditerpenoid — teucrin A, isolated from the plantTeucrium chamaedrys L. — has been demonstrated. It has been shown that it belongs to the furolactones with a rearranged labdane skeleton.Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 31–35, January–February, 1973.     

Synthesis of the racemic alkaloid diptaline

The isolation from the plantDipthychocarpus strictus (Cruciferae) of the optically active base diptaline, identified as N-(11-methylsulfinylundecyl)urea, has been reported [1]. A synthesis of the racemic form of this alkaloid has now been achieved.Institute of Organic Chemistry, Urals Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 102–105, January–February, 1992.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of two species of Erysimum

Summary The phospholipid complexes of the seeds ofErysimum diffusum andE. sylvestris have been investigated. It has been found that the amount of phospholipids in the seeds ofE. diffusum is lower than in those ofE. sylvestris, but their qualitative compositions are similar. The fatty-acid compositions of the triglycerides and of the total phospholipids of the two plants investigated have been studied. It has been established that the total phospholipids of the species ofErysimum under consideration and individual fractions of them differ by the degree of saturation and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the acids that they contain and, consequently, the phospholipids present in greatest amount differ in their molecular compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 623–627, September–October, 1977.     

Investigation of the protein component of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complex ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis

It has been established by electrophoresis in polyacrylamide gel that the protein component of the lipopolysaccharide-protein complex ofYersinia pseudotuberculosis consists of two poly-peptides with molecular weights of 42,000–45,000 and 18,000–20,000. These polypeptides have been detected in the cell wall ofY. pseudotuberculosis as the main components. Protein fractions B-2 and B-3, differing with respect to solubility in phenol, were isolated from the LPPC ofY. pseudotuberculosis by extraction with hot 45% phenol. These protein fractions had the same polypeptide composition, which is characteristic for membrane proteins. B-3 included the LPS component and B-2 contained lipid A or fragments of it as impurity. Fractions B-3 and B-2 precipitated with antiserum to the LPPC.Pacific Ocean Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Far Eastern Scientific Center, Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Vladivostok. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 92–97, January–February, 1980.     

Terpenoids of the oleoresin of Pinus pumila

Summary 1. The composition of the acid fraction of the oleresin ofPinus pumila (Pall.) Regel. has been studied, and from it has been isolated, in addition to known compounds, the methyl ester of a new labdane acetoxy acid.2. In the hydrocarbon fraction of the oleoresin 11 monoterpenes and 26 sesquiterpenes have been found (and 17 of the latter have been identified).3. The composition of the fraction of neutral oxygen-containing diterpenoids fromP. pumila differs considerably in its diterpenoid components from the corresponding fractions of the oleoresins of botanically related species-P. sibirica andP. koraiensis. Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 299–302, May–June, 1976.     

Compounds of the pyran series as components of the essential oils ofTanacetum boreale andAjania fastigiata

It has been established that the essential oils ofTanacetum boreale andAjania fastigiata contain as their main components 3-hydroxy-2,2,6-trimethyl-6-vinyltetrahydropyran and its acylated and oxidized derivatives.Institute of Chemical Sciences, Academy of Sciences of the Kazakh SSR, Alma-Ata. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 332–335, May–June, 1985.     

Neutral diterpenoids of oleoresins of five species of conifers of Transcarpathia

The compositions of the neutral diterpenoids of the oleoresins of five species of conifers growing in the Transcarpathia have been studied. It has been found that the oleoresins ofAbies alba M.,Larix decidua M., andPicea excelsa L. contain more than 50% of neutral diterpenoids. The group and qualitative compositions of the oxygen-containing diterpenoids have been determined. In the oleoresins ofAbies alba,Picea excelsa, andPicea abies tertiary alcohols — cis-abienol and isocembrol — predominate, while inLarix decidua the main component is the hydroxy ester larixyl acetate. Primary alcohols related to the resin acids have been found in all the oleoresins investigated. Features of the distribution of diterpenoids according to the species of conifers have been revealed. The results obtained are necessary for the chemotaxonomy of conifers of the family Pinceae.Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch, Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodynkh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 812–816, November–December, 1988.     

Terpenoids of the needles of Picea abies

The composition of the terpenoids of the neutral petroleum-ether-soluble substances from an isopropanol extract of the needles of the Norway spruce has been studied. The main components of the extractive substances are polyprenol acetates, alcohols with the labdane type of structure, and epimanool and epitorulosol. It has been shown that the terpenoids from the needles differ in composition from the extractive substances of the trunk part of the tree and those from the oleoresins of the sprucesPicea abies, P. ajanensis, andP. obovata.S. M. Kirov Leningrad Academy of Wood Technology. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 168–176, March–April, 1986.     

Alkaloids of Aconitum coreanum. III. 13-Acetyl-14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide

It has been established by the x-ray structural method that a new alkaloid isolated from the epigeal part ofAconitum coreanum has the structure of 13-acetyl-14-hydroxy-2-isobutyrylhetisine N-oxide. This is the first time that a N-oxide has been isolated among the hetisine alkaloids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbek SSR Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 378–383, May–June, 1990.     

Alkaloids of four species of Argemone

The alkaloid compositions of four species of plants of the genusArgemone (A. mexicana L.,A. alba L.,A. platyceras Link et Otto., andA. hybrida) collected in the flowering phase in the Tashkent Botanical Garden have been studied. They have yielded 16 alkaloids. Corydine and isocorydine have been detected in plants of this genus for the first time, and O-methyl-platycerine has been found in nature for the first time.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 204–206, March–April, 1986.     

Structure of stachysolone

Summary It has been shown that stachysolone — a bitter substance fromStachys annua L. — is a diterpenoid with a rearranged labdane hydrocarbon skeleton of the kolavane type. Structural formula (I) has been established for stachysoloneInstitute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Moldavian SSR. Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Academy of Sciences of the Czechoslovakian SSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 295–299, May–June, 1972.