Volumetric Properties of Glycerol Formal + Propylene Glycol Mixtures at Several Temperatures and Correlation with the Jouyban–Acree Model

Molar volumes, excess molar volumes, and partial molar volumes were investigated for glycerol formal + propylene glycol mixtures from density measurements at temperatures from (278.15 to 313.15) K. Mixture compositions were varied in 0.05 in mass fraction of both components. Excess molar volumes were fitted to the Redlich?CKister equation and compared with literature values for other systems. The system exhibits positive excess volumes probably due to increased non-specific interactions. The effect of temperature on the different volumetric properties studied was also analyzed. In addition, the volumetric thermal expansion coefficients were calculated. The Jouyban?CAcree model was used for density and molar volume correlations of the mixtures at the different experimental temperatures. The mean relative deviations between experimental and calculated data are 0.04±0.03 and 0.04 ±0.05, respectively, for the density and molar volumes, using the minimum number of data points, the Jouyban?CAcree model can predict density and molar volume with acceptable accuracies (0.06±0.04 and 0.08±0.05, respectively).     

Volumetric Properties of the {x 1[C4mim][MeSO4] + (1 − x 1)MeOH} System at Temperatures from (283.15 to 333.15) K and Pressures from (0.1 to 35) MPa

Densities of pure 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium methylsulfate, [C₄mim][MeSO₄], and its mixtures with methanol have been measured. Measurements were made with an accuracy of ±0.2 kg·m^?3, using a vibrating-tube densimeter, over the temperature and pressure ranges (283.15–333.15) K and (0.1–35) MPa, respectively. The experimental densities for the pure ionic liquid and alcohol have been correlated by the Tait equation. The results for the {x ₁[C₄mim][MeSO₄] + (1 ? x ₁)MeOH} system have been correlated by a van Laar equation involving parameters that are dependent on temperature and pressure. Excess volumes have been obtained directly from the experimental densities, while isobaric expansivities, isothermal compressibilities, and related excess properties were calculated from the correlation equation. Exceptionally strong pressure and temperature influences on these properties were observed.     

A three-parameter cubic equation of state for prediction of thermodynamic properties of fluids

A new cubic three-parameter equation of state has been proposed for PVT and VLE calculations of simple, high polar and associating fluids. The parameters are temperature dependent in sub-critical region, but temperature independent in super-critical region. The results for 42 simple and 14 associative pure compounds indicate that the calculated saturation properties and volumetric properties over the whole temperature range, up to high pressures, by the proposed equation of state (EOS), were in better agreement with the experimental data, compared with those obtained by the five well-known EOSs (P–R, P–T, Adachi et al., Yu–Lu, and M4). Two derivative properties, molar enthalpy and heat capacity of water and ammonia have been calculated, and demonstrated the thermodynamic consistency of the EOS parameters. Also VLE calculations have been performed for 41 binary mixtures of different type of fluids, including those of interest in petroleum industry. The results indicated the high capability of the proposed EOS for calculating the thermodynamic properties of pure and fluid mixtures.     

Volumetric Properties for Binary and Ternary Mixtures Containing Benzyl Alcohol,Ethyl Butyrate and Diethyl Malonate at <Emphasis Type="Italic">T</Emphasis> = (293.15–313.15) K and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p</Emphasis> = 0.087 MPa

The densities of binary and ternary mixtures of benzyl alcohol + ethyl butyrate and/or diethyl malonate were measured at T = (293.15–313.15) K and p = 0.087 MPa. From these data, the excess molar volumes, partial molar volumes, excess partial molar volumes, partial molar volumes at infinite dilution, thermal expansion coefficients and their excess values were calculated. The Redlich–Kister equations were fitted to the excess molar volumes data. The results show that the excess molar volumes for all considered binary and ternary systems are negative and decrease with increasing temperature. The same behavior was observed for the excess thermal expansion coefficients. Data for excess volumes in ternary system were fitted with the Nagata–Tamura and Cibulka models for which the Cibulka equation showed better fitting. The intermolecular interactions between molecules in these mixtures are discussed and explained based on these experimental data.     

Volumetric properties of the glycerol formal + water cosolvent system and correlation with the Jouyban–Acree model

Excess molar volumes and partial molar volumes were investigated from density measurements for glycerol formal?+?water mixtures at temperatures from 278.15 to 313.15?K. Excess molar volumes are fitted using Redlich–Kister equation and compared with literature values for other systems. The system exhibits negative excess volumes, probably due to increased interactions like hydrogen bonding or large differences in molar volumes of components. The effect of temperature on different volumetric properties studied is also analysed. Besides, the volume thermal expansion coefficients are also calculated as 2.51?×?10^?4?K^?1 for water and 7.24?×?10^?4?K^?1 for glycerol formal at 298.15?K. Finally, the Jouyban–Acree model was used for density and molar volume correlations of the studied mixtures at different temperatures. The mean relative deviations between experimental and calculated data were 0.24?±?0.14% and 0.71?±?0.62%, respectively, for density and molar volume data.     

Volumetric,Acoustic and Refractive Index for the Binary System (Butyric acid + Hexanoic acid) at Different Temperatures

In this paper density, sound velocity, and refractive index for the binary system (butyric acid + hexanoic acid) were measured over the entire composition range and at 5 K intervals in the temperature range 293.15–313.15 K. The excess molar volumes, isentropic compressibilities, excess isentropic compressibilities, deviation in refractive indices, molar refractions, and deviation in molar refractions were calculated by using the experimental densities, sound velocities, and refractive indices, respectively. The Redlich–Kister equation was used to fit the excess molar volume, excess isentropic compressibility, deviation in refractive index and deviation in molar refraction data. The Lorentz–Lorenz approximation was used to correlate the excess molar volume from the deviation in refractive index and also to predict the density from refractive index or the refractive index from density of the binary mixtures. Four sound velocity mixing rules were tested and the best model for the systems studied in this work was the Berryman mixing rule. The thermodynamic properties are discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions between the components of the mixtures.     

Prediction of excess thermodynamic functions and activity coefficients of some polymeric liquid mixtures using a new equation of state

In this work, the excess thermodynamic properties, namely excess molar Gibbs energy, excess molar enthalpy, excess molar entropy, excess molar internal energy, and excess molar Helmholtz energy for four polymer mixtures and blends at different temperatures, pressures, and compositions have been calculated using the GMA equation of state. We have also calculated the activity coefficient for these polymeric mixtures using the GMA equation of state. The values of statistical parameters between experimental and calculated properties show the ability of this equation of state in reproducing and predicting the excess thermodynamic functions and activity coefficients for studied polymeric mixtures.     

Study of molecular interactions in binary mixtures of formamide with 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol at varying temperatures

The thermophysical properties of binary mixtures of formamide with 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol have been investigated in this article. Densities, refractive index, ultrasonic velocity and viscosity for the two binary mixtures viz. formamide with 2-methoxyethanol and 2-ethoxyethanol have been measured over the entire composition range at 293, 303 and 313 K and at atmospheric pressure. The excess molar volume, the molar refraction deviation, excess Gibb's free energy of activation for viscous flow, excess isentropic compressibility, deviation in viscosity, excess free volume and excess molar enthalpy have been computed using experimental data. These excess parameters have been correlated with Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. The results have been interpreted on the basis of strength of intermolecular interaction occurring in these mixtures. Densities, refractive index and ultrasonic velocity were correlated with second-order polynomial equation. The molar volume and excess partial molar volume at infinite dilution have also been calculated for both the mixtures.     

Thermodynamic and transport properties of binary liquid mixtures of cyclohexanol with isomeric chlorotoluenes

Densities (ρ) at different temperatures from 303.15 to 318.15 K, speeds of sound (u) and viscosities (η) at 303.15 K were measured for the binary mixtures of cyclohexanol with 2-chlorotoluene, 3-chlorotoluene and 4-chlorotoluene over the entire range of composition. The excess volumes (V^E) for the mixtures have been computed from the experimental density data. Further, the deviation in isentropic compressibilities (Δκ_s) and deviation in viscosities (Δη) for the binary mixtures have been calculated from the speed of sound and viscosity data, respectively. The V^E values and Δκ_s values were positive and Δη data were negative for all the mixtures over the whole range of composition at the measured temperatures. The calculated excess functions V^E, Δκ_s and Δη were fitted to Redlich–Kister equation. The excess functions have been discussed in terms of molecular interactions between component molecules of the binary mixtures.     

Densities and excess molar volumes of the binary system N-methyldiethanolamine + (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine and its ternary aqueous mixtures from 283.15 to 363.15 K

Experimental density data of the binary mixtures of N-methyldiethanolamine + (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine and the ternary mixtures of N-methyldiethanolamine + (2-aminoethyl)ethanolamine + water were reported at atmospheric pressure over the entire composition range at temperatures from 283.15 to 363.15 K. Density measurements were performed using an Anton Paar digital vibrating U-tube densimeter. Excess molar volumes were calculated from the experimental data and correlated as the Redlich-Kister equation for the binary mixtures, and as the Nagata-Tamura equation for the ternary mixtures. Several empirical models were applied to predict the excess molar volumes of ternary mixtures from the corresponding binary mixture values. It indicates that the best agreement with the experimental data was achieved by the Redlich-Kister, Kohler, and Jacob-Fitzner models.     

Studies on the internal structure of the binary mixtures of N,N-dimethylacetamide with 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol by means of measuring their densities and relative permittivities at 298.15 K

ABSTRACT

The densities and relative permittivities of binary mixtures of N,N-dimethylacetamide with 2-methoxyethanol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-propoxyethanol and 2-butoxyethanol have been measured as a function of composition, at T = 298.15 K. From the experimental data the excess molar volume (V^E) from a mole fraction and the excess relative permittivity (ε^E) from a volume fraction average have been calculated. The results are discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions and structure of studied binary mixtures.     

Volumetric properties of binary mixtures of N-ethylformamide with tetrahydrofuran, 2-butanone,and ethylacetate from T = (293.15 to 313.15) K

Densities of binary liquid mixtures of N-ethylformamide (NEF) with tetrahydrofuran (THF), 2-butanone (B), and ethylacetate (EA) were measured at temperatures from (293.15 to 313.15) K and at atmospheric pressure over the whole composition range. Excess molar volumes, V^E, have been obtained from values of the experimental density and were fitted to the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation. The V^E values for all three mixtures are negative over the entire composition and temperature ranges. The V^E values become more negative as the temperature increases for all binary mixtures studied. Other volumetric properties, such as isobaric thermal expansion coefficients, partial molar volumes, apparent molar volumes, partial molar excess volumes and excess thermal expansions have been calculated.     

The Prediction of Surface Tension and Thermodynamic Analysis of the Surface in Mixtures of Cryogenic Liquids

The surface tensions of 42 binary cryogenic mixtures at low temperature are correlated using the Shereshefsky model and excellent results are obtained. The average percent deviation is about ～ 1.08%. The Gibbs energy change in the surface region is calculated and is used to obtain the excess number of molecular layers in the surface region. Furthermore, the model is used to derive an equation for the standard Gibbs energy of adsorption. The experimental standard Gibbs energy of adsorption is obtained from surface tension data and compared with calculated data. The agreement between experimental and calculated data is found to be very good. The magnitude of the Gibbs energy change in the surface region and the standard Gibbs energy of adsorption are discussed in terms of nature and type of intermolecular interactions in binary mixtures.     

Application of a new equation of state to liquid refrigerant mixtures

A new general equation of state recently reported for pure liquids has been developed to predict the volumetric and thermodynamic properties of six binary and two ternary liquid refrigerant mixtures (including HCs and HFCs mixtures) at different temperatures, pressures, and compositions. The results show this equation of state can be used to reproduce and predict different thermodynamic properties of liquid refrigerant mixtures within experimental errors. The composition dependence of the parameters of this equation of state has been assumed as quadratic functions of mole fraction. Using these mixing rules, the agreement between calculated and experimental densities is better than 0.6% for binary mixtures and 2.3% for ternary mixtures. To compare the performance of this new equation of state against other well-known methods such as the COSTALD method, the density of some refrigerant mixtures, for which the parameters of COSTALD were available, has been computed and compared with those of this new equation of state.     

Study of some volumetric and refractive properties of {PEG 300 (1) + ethanol (2)} mixtures at several temperatures

Molar volumes and excess molar volumes were investigated from measured density values for {PEG 300 (1) + ethanol (2)} binary mixtures at temperatures from 278.15 to 313.15 K. Both systems exhibit negative excess volumes probably due to increased interactions like hydrogen bonding and/or large differences in molar volumes of the components. Volume thermal expansion coefficients were also calculated for both binary mixtures and pure solvents. Refractive indices were also determined for all these non-aqueous mixtures and neat solvents at all temperatures. Furthermore, the Jouyban–Acree model was used for density, molar volume and refractive index correlations of the studied mixtures at different temperatures. The mean relative deviations between experimental and back-calculated density, molar volume and refractive index data were 0.07%, 0.99% and 0.01%, respectively.     

Liquid Solution Densities of Ternary-Pseudobinary Mixtures of (Benzene + Cyclohexane) in the Presence of Tetrachloromethane or <Emphasis Type="Italic">n</Emphasis>-Hexane

Densities have been obtained as a function of composition for ternary-pseudobinary mixtures of [(benzene + tetrachloromethane or n-hexane) + (cyclohexane + tetrachloromethane or n-hexane)] at atmospheric pressure and the temperature 298.15 K, by means of a vibrating-tube densimeter. Excess molar volumes, V_m^E, partial molar volumes and excess partial molar volumes were calculated from the density data. The values of V_m^E have been correlated using the Redlich–Kister equation and the coefficients and standard errors were estimated. The experimental and calculated quantities are used to discuss the mixing behavior of the components. The results show that the third component, CCl₄ or n-C₆H₁₄, have quite different influences on the volumetric properties of binary liquid mixtures of benzene with cyclohexane.     

The relative reduced Redlich–Kister equations for correlating excess properties of N,N-dimethylacetamide + 2-methoxyethanol binary mixtures at temperatures from 298.15 K to 318.15 K

Knowledge and prediction of physicochemical properties of binary mixtures is of great importance for understanding intermolecular interactions. The literature shows that most such systems exhibit non-linear behaviour. Excess molar volumes, viscosity deviations and isentropic compressibility changes in N,N-dimethylacetamide?+?2-methoxyethanol binary mixtures at 298.15, 308.15 and 318.15?K were calculated from experimental density, viscosity and sound velocity data presented in previous work. Here these experimental values were used to test the applicability of the correlative reduced Redlich–Kister equation and the recently proposed Herráez equation as well as their corresponding relative functions. Their correlation ability at different temperatures, and the use of different numbers of parameters, is discussed for the case of limited experimental data. These relative functions are important to reduce the effect of temperature and, consequently, to reveal the effects of different types of interactions. Limiting excess partial molar volume at infinite dilution were deduced from different methods, activation parameters and partial molar Gibbs energy of activation of viscous flow against compositions were investigated. The results of these observations have been interpreted in terms of structural effects of the solvents. In this frame, a correlating equation is recently proposed by Belda and in order to assess the validity of the proposed equation, it has also been applied to the present system for molar volume properties.     

Measurement and modelling of solubility data for bosentan in 1-propanol + water mixtures at various temperatures

ABSTRACT

The experimental solubility determination of bosentan (BST) in 1-propanol + water mixtures within temperature range, T = (293.15–313.15) K were performed by applying the shake-flask method. The solubility data were correlated by four cosolvency models, which are the Jouyban-Acree, Jouyban-Acree-van’t Hoff, modified Wilson, and Yalkowsky equations. The back-calculated solubility using the Jouyban-Acree-van’t Hoff equation presents better compatibility with the experimental data than those by the other models. Thermodynamic properties such as apparent molar enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy change of BST dissolution process in the binary (1-propanol + water) mixtures were also calculated which indicative of the inspontaneous process of dissolution.     

Densities of FAMEs or FAEEs with ethanol at temperatures from 283.15 to 318.15 K

Ethanol is usually considered as an additive to blend with biodiesels to improve its cold flow characteristics. The thermophysical properties of ethanol with biodiesels are therefore of interest in its applications. In the present work, the densities of ethanol with six components of biodiesel (including methyl caprate, methyl laurate, methyl myristate, ethyl caprylate, ethyl caprate and ethyl laurate) mixtures were measured from 283.15 to 318.15 K and at atmospheric pressure in the overall composition range. Redlich–Kister equation was used to correlate the excess molar volumes of the mixtures, which were calculated from the experimental densities. In addition, Apelblat’s equation was extended to correlate and predict the densities of the studied mixtures as a function of concentration and temperature.     

Thermodynamic properties of non-electrolyte solutions

Experimental densities (ρ) and ultrasonic sound velocities (u) for the binary mixtures of toluene, o-chlorotoluene, m-chlorotoluene, and p-chlorotoluene with 1-octanol were measured over the entire composition range at T = (298.15, 303.15, and 308.15) K and at a pressure of 0.1 MPa. Excess volumes (V ^E), isentropic compressibilities $ (\kappa_{\text{s}} ) $ , and excess isentropic compressibilities $ (\kappa_{\text{s}}^{\text{E}} ) $ were calculated using the measured experimental densities and ultrasonic sound velocities of the pure liquids and their mixtures. The experimental data were discussed in terms of intermolecular interactions between component molecules. The measured excess properties were correlated with the Redlich–Kister polynomial equation.