高效毛细管电泳优化分离硝基甲苯类化合物的研究

采用正交设计法对胶束毛细管电泳中的优化分离条件进行了考察，研究了改性剂，十二烷基硫酸钠（SDS）及β－环糊精（β-CD）浓度和PH值几个参数对分离的影响，优化结果表明，在30min内，性质相近的邻，对、间－硝基甲苯及2，4－二硝基甲苯可得到较好的分离。     

高效毛细管电泳法分离儿茶素组分

茶叶是世界上传统三大饮料之一。到目前为止 ,茶叶中的化学成分 ,经过分离鉴定的化合物有5 0 0种左右 ,其中有机化合物约有 4 5 0种以上。茶多酚是茶叶中多酚类物质的总称。现代科学研究证明儿茶素类物质具有增强血毛细管的活性、抑制动脉粥样硬化、降低血浆中总胆固醇、直接的抗氧化和抗衰老等作用。所以 ,茶叶被认为是一种优良的天然保健品。对于儿茶素物质测定方法的研究 ,从过去采用的纸色谱法、薄层色谱法到使用气相色谱法分离、鉴定 ,近年来使用高效液相色谱法 (ＨＰＬＣ)分离、鉴定。高效液相色谱法分离效果、重现性及回收率均好 ,而…     

高效毛细管电泳法同时测定药品中苯甲酸和山梨酸钾

建立了毛细管电泳-紫外检测法测定硝酸咪康唑乳膏、小儿止咳糖浆及复方苦参水杨酸散中苯甲酸和山梨酸钾的方法。在230nm波长处以焦性没食子酸为内标物,分离电压为20kV,分离温度为25℃,用20mmol/L硼砂缓冲液(pH9.2)作毛细管电泳的运行液,被测组分与内标物得到快速分离。苯甲酸和山梨酸钾的进样质量浓度在1～400mg/L范围内与电泳峰面积呈良好的线性关系,相关系数r均为0.9999,检出限均为0.15mg/L。方法可用于药品中苯甲酸和山梨酸钾含量的测定。     

毛细管区带电泳同时分离测定四种多酚类化合物

在由1.0 mmol/Lβ-环糊精、乙二醇(1+9)和10 mmol/L硼砂组成的运行缓冲溶液(pH 9.11)中,采用22 kV的分离电压、25℃的毛细管柱温、200 nm的检测波长和5.0 s的压力(3450 Pa)进样时间,建立了可以在21 min内同时分离测定儿茶素、表儿茶素、原儿茶醛及原儿茶酸的高效毛细管电泳方法。检出限(S/N=3)依次为0.27、0.18、0.52和0.41μg/mL。方法用于普洱茶、丹参注射液和中药儿茶与金荞麦片中这4种组分的测定,相对标准偏差在4%以内,加标回收率在96.1%~105.4%之间。     

毛细管电泳在手性化合物分离中的应用

本文综述了近年来毛细管电泳在手性化合物分离中的应用情况。简要地总结和比较了手性配位体金属络合物、环糊精及其衍生物、开环多糖化合物、冠醚、大环化合物等５种典型的手性分子识别剂在毛细管电泳手性分离中的使用现状。     

高效毛细管电泳在糖分析中的应用

本文评述了近年来毛细管电泳在糖分析中的发展状况和一些常见的分析方法，引用文献５１篇。     

低pH毛细管电泳法分离测定菠菜中的甜菜碱

建立了毛细管电泳法快速测定菠菜中甜菜碱的方法。通过与对溴代苯甲酰甲基溴反应,将甜菜碱转化成苯甲酰甲基酯后进行测定。研究了缓冲液的pH、分离电压以及结构相似化合物等因素对分离的影响,优化并确定了分离条件:75μm ID×50/57 cm(分离长度/总长)未涂层石英毛细管,分离电压15 kV,实验温度25℃,缓冲溶液100 mmol/L H3PO4-H3PO4盐,pH 2.91,检测波长262nm。在浓度范围5.8~580μg/mL之间,线性关系良好,y=72221x 4042.5,R2=0.9999,回收率在94.5%~99.8%之间。     

毛细管电泳法分离分析乙酰半胱氨酸及四种相关杂质

建立了分离分析乙酰半胱氨酸及4种相关杂质的毛细管电泳法。采用熔融石英毛细管(50μm i.d.×50 cm,有效长度为45 cm),以V(50 mmol/L NaH2PO4(pH7.0)):V(甲醇)=97:3为背景缓冲溶液,进样时间20 s,运行电压15 kV,检测波长210 nm。在优化的条件下,乙酰半胱氨酸与4种相关杂质在15 min内均达到基线分离,乙酰半胱氨酸质量浓度在20~500μg/mL的范围内,具有良好的线性关系(r2=0.9998),检出限为3μg/mL(S/N=3),加标回收率为98.8%~102.0%,相对标准偏差为0.29%~0.91%。方法已用于实际样品的分析。     

毛细管电泳法分离测定小麦根中的有机酸

研究了毛细管电泳法分离测定草酸、乌头酸、苹果酸、柠檬酸等有机酸的条件。在pH7．8的磷酸钠缓冲溶液中中加入表面活性剂溴化十六烷基三甲铵作为电泳溶液体系,紫外检测波长214nm,可以有效地分离检测以阴离子形式存在的上述有机酸：将该法应用于铝胁迫下培育的小麦根样品中有机酸的分析,结果表明：随着培养基中铝浓度的增加,苹果酸被诱导增加,与报道的HPLC法的测定结果一致,本法可在植物化学研究中使用。     

高效毛细管电泳法测定二氢叶酸还原酶活力的研究

通过胶束电动毛细管电泳法研究分离二氢叶酸还原酶体系中二氢叶酸、四氢叶酸、 NADP、 NADPH和酶5种组分,在含0.002%Brij-35的pH 9.18 50 mmol/L 的硼砂缓冲溶液中,5种组分在18min内得到基线分离.通过对其产物四氢叶酸峰面积的定量测定,计算出二氢叶酸还原酶的米氏常数,建立了毛细管电泳法对二氢叶酸还原酶活力的测定方法.     

高效毛细管电泳法拆分芳香醇类化合物的研究

以磺化的环糊精为手性选择剂,采用毛细管电泳法对10种结构相近的芳香醇类化合物进行了手性拆分的研究.分离过程通过11次实验分别建立了10种手性醇对映体分离度的目标函数,考察了3个主要因素（溶液的pH、分离电压和手性选择剂浓度）对分离效率的影响.从分离度响应曲面图可得到最佳的分离条件,在选定的优化条件下,10种手性芳香醇在10 min内均得到了满意的拆分效果.     

Determination of amino acids in Sargassum fusiforme by high performance capillary electrophoresis

High performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE) was developed for quantitative determination of 18 phenylthiohydantoin (PTH)-amino acids. The influence of electrolyte concentration, pH, organic modifier and applied voltage on HPCE performance was investigated. The HPCE separation of a PTH-amino acids mixture was much improved by adding organic modifier and Tris-boric acid buffer to the run buffer. After optimization of the method, 17 PTH-amino acids in a solution containing 18 PTH-amino acids could be separated using 400 mmol l⁻¹ Tris-boric acid, 1.0 mmol l⁻¹ diethylamine at pH 9.5 adjusted with 0.1 mol l⁻¹ NaOH as a run buffer, voltage of 25 kV was applied, temperature was maintained at 25 °C, detection wavelength was 254 nm. The precision (n = 7) of this method is less than 3.2% (peak area) and 1.1% (migration time) of relative standard deviation (R.S.D.). Linearity was established over the concentration range 50-1000 μM of each derivative, with correlation coefficients (r) ranging between 0.9904 and 0.9993. The detection limits (S/N = 3) range from 2 to 48 μmol l⁻¹. The method was applied to determine amino acids in Sargassum fusiforme, a marine algae collected from Tongtou County of Zhejiang Province in China with satisfactory results.     

乙酸和一氯乙酸电离常数的高效毛细管区带电泳法测定

首次建立了测定一氯乙酸和乙酸的电离常数的高效毛细管区带电泳新方法.该方法利用中性标记物和电流突跃两种方法来标记电渗流,通过测定乙酸和一氯乙酸在一定pH的缓冲溶液中的电泳淌度,结合数据回归分析拟合,求得乙酸和一氯乙酸的电离常数;所得数据和文献报道值较为接近.总体而言,毛细管区带电泳法可简单、快速、可靠地用于测定待测化合物的电离常数.     

高效毛细管电泳法检测牛奶中的青霉素中间体以及3种青霉素类药物

建立了高效毛细管电泳(HPCE)同时检测牛奶中青霉素类抗生素中间体6-氨基青霉烷酸(6-APA)以及3种青霉素类药物青霉素钾(PEN)、氨苄青霉素(AMP)和阿莫西林(AMO)的方法。利用正交实验设计,对HPCE中的缓冲液离子浓度和pH值、分离电压、分离温度等分离条件进行了优化。结果表明: 在采用40 mmol/L磷酸二氢钾-20 mmol/L硼砂缓冲体系(pH 7.8)、分离电压为28 kV、分离温度为30 ℃的电泳条件下,4.5 min内可以实现上述4种青霉素类药物的快速分离检测。各组分在1.56～100 mg/L范围内有良好的线性,相关系数(r2)为0.9979～0.9998,加标回收率为84.91%～96.72%,相对标准偏差(RSDs)为1.11%～9.11% (n=6)。该方法简便、快速,可以应用于市售牛奶中4种青霉素类药物的快速检测。     

高效毛细管电泳法测定牛奶和奶粉中残留的三聚氰胺

建立了牛奶和奶粉中三聚氰胺的高效毛细管电泳-二极管阵列检测器(HPCE-DAD)检测方法。使用长度58.5 cm、内径75 μm的毛细管柱,分离电压25 kV,进样量3.5 kPa (35 mbar)×8 s,分离温度25 ℃,缓冲溶液20 mmol/L 柠檬酸-40 mmol/L 磷酸氢二钠(pH 2.6),检测波长232 nm。分析物在1~100 mg/L 范围内线性良好,r2>0.997;牛奶和奶粉的定量限分别为0.5 mg/kg和1.0 mg/kg。在添加水平为定量限浓度至50 mg/kg时的回收率为72.2%~97.3%,相对标准偏差为2.1%~3.9%。     

Effects of the sample matrix on the separation of peptides by high performance capillary electrophoresis

The effects of the sample matrix on the separation of peptides by HPCE has been investigated. Under both acidic and alkaline conditions, use of 25–30 mM salts in the sample zone resulted in much better resolution than did 100 mM salts. Prefocusing effects and acceleration of elution were also observed. These results agree well with the theory developed by Everaerts. In this paper a practical guide for high sensitivity, high resolution separation of salt-containing peptide mixtures is proposed.     

Determination of six bioactive components of Saussurea katochaete by capillary electrophoresis

The simultaneous determination of 3,4-dimethoxy-3'-hydroxy propiophenone, 5-hydroxy-7-methoxy coumarin, 7-hydroxy coumarin, 3',5'-dimethoxy apigenin, apigenin and 4-hydroxy cinnamic acid in the extract of S. katochaete has been investigated by capillary electrophoresis for the first time. The six active components were completely separated within 10 min in 20 mM Na(2)HPO(4) buffer at pH 11.00 with 10% (v/v) methanol and detected at 214 nm. The applied voltage was 15 kV and the temperature was kept at 25 degrees C. The effects of buffer pH, the concentration of Na(2)HPO(4) and the concentration of methanol on the separation efficiency were studied systematically. The regression equations revealed good linear relationships (correlation coefficients were 0.9987-0.9998) between the peak area of each analyte and its concentration. The relative standard deviations (RSD) of migration time and peak areas were <1.63 and <4.03%, respectively. The application of this method for the separation and determination of the six bioactive components in S. katochaete was reported. The contents of the six analytes ranged from 0.023 to 0.131 mg/g and recoveries ranged from 94.7 to 104.8%.     

Determination of three compounds in Aloe vera by capillary electrophoresis

A capillary electrophoretic assay for determining aloe-emodin (AE), methyl p-coumarate (MC), and 3,4-dihydro-6,8-dihydroxyl-[(3s)-2'-acetyl-3'-hydroxyl-5'-methoxy-benzyl]-isocoumarin (DDI) in Aloe vera has been developed. Baseline separation was achieved within 15 min using a running buffer of 20 mm borax containing 10% (v/v) acetonitrile at pH 10.5. A linear relationship between the peak area and the concentration of the analytes was found in the ranges 5-500, 10-1000 and 2-1000 micro g/mL for AE, MC and DDI, respectively, with correlation coefficients of 0.9992-0.9998. The relative standard deviations of migration time and peak area were within 0.17-0.19 and 1.52-3.37%, respectively. The recoveries of AE, MC and DDI were 105, 102 and 96.4%. The contents of AE, MC and DDI in Aloe vera were measured to be 5.13, 0.768 and 1.30 mg/g, respectively.     

Determination of moutan tannins by high‐performance liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis

Cortex Moutan (Radicis Cortex Moutan), the dried root bark of Paeonia moutan and P. spp., contains a series of water‐soluble tannins. With the eight components, 1 4,6‐di‐O‐GG (4,6‐di‐O‐galloyl‐D‐glucose), 2 1,2,3,6‐tetra‐O‐GG, 3 1,2,3,4,6‐penta‐O‐GG, 4 1,3,4,6‐tetra‐O‐GG, 5 3,4,6‐tri‐O‐GG, 6 1,3,6‐tri‐O‐GG, 7 3,6‐di‐O‐GG, and 8 1,2,6‐tri‐O‐GG, as marker substances, a rapid and efficient method of analysis based on HPLC and CE was developed. Using a phosphate eluent, a 5C18‐MS separating column, and a detection wavelength of 280 nm, HPLC was successfully used to analyze the eight constituents within 60 min. The analysis can be completed within 50 min, using the MEKC mode with a buffer composed of borate, SDS, and isopropanol, and a detection wavelength of 210 nm. The detection limit for the marker substances varied from 0.04 to 0.93 μg/mL for the HPLC method and 0.02 to 0.36 μg/mL for the CE method.