溶胶-凝胶法制备改性TiO2纳米薄膜及其防腐蚀性能

应用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍提拉技术在316L不锈钢表面分别制备TiO2纳米膜和 B-Fe-Ce改性的TiO2纳米膜. 采用场发射扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、原子力显微镜(AFM)、拉曼光谱法和能量分散谱(EDS)对薄膜进行表征,通过电化学阻抗谱(EIS)和动电位阳极极化曲线的测试考察薄膜的耐蚀性及对不锈钢的保护性能. 结果表明:两种纳米薄膜均含锐钛矿型的TiO2纳米颗粒,纯TiO2纳米膜与改性后的纳米膜中颗粒直径分别约为15和10 nm. TiO2/316L不锈钢和 B-Fe-Ce-TiO2/316L不锈钢膜电极浸泡在0.5 mo.lL-1 NaCl溶液后,后者的电化学反应电阻较大,动电位阳极极化曲线的稳定钝化区较宽,击穿电位更高,说明改性的纳米膜的耐蚀性及其保护性能更好.     

疏水型纳米TiO_2膜的制备、表征及耐蚀性能研究

以乙酰乙酸乙酯(EAcAc)作稳定剂和阻聚剂制备超微TiO2溶胶,用提拉法在AISI316L不锈钢上构筑一层纳米TiO2膜,经水热后处理有效消除膜中的龟裂现象,经氟硅烷基化制备成疏水型纳米TiO2膜.用胶粒分布仪测定溶胶颗粒分布,接触角测试仪测定表面疏水性、XRD、SEM表征膜的形貌、结构,电化学线性极化法测定疏水型纳米TiO2膜在模拟体液(Ringer溶液)中的电化学行为.结果表明:TiO2膜呈多孔有序纳米膜,颗粒分布均匀,粒径约为15～18nm,厚度约375nm,TiO2为锐钛矿型,疏水型纳米膜可使不锈钢腐蚀电流降低3个数量级,其耐腐蚀性大幅度提高.     

离子注N对人体用金属材料在人工模拟体液中的阳极极化行为的影响

采用电化学技术研究了离子注N对人体用金属材料 ,SUS316L不锈钢、钴合金和钛合金在人工模拟体液中的阳极极化行为影响 .自腐蚀电位和阳极极化曲线的测量结果表明 ,离子注N后材料的耐蚀性明显有所提高 .通过X射线衍射与AES分析发现 ,材料表面有金属氮化物析出 ,其化学效应和机械隔离起到了改善电化学性能的作用 .     

纳米TiO_2膜修饰电极异相电催化还原马来酸

通过电化学合成前驱体和溶胶 -凝胶法在Ti表面修饰一层纳米TiO2 膜 ,SEM ,XRD测试表明晶型为锐钛矿型 ,晶粒平均尺寸为 2 5nm .采用循环伏安法、循环方波伏安法和电解合成法研究了纳米TiO2 膜电极在硫酸介质中的氧化还原行为以及对马来酸 (maleicacid)还原的电催化活性 .结果表明 ,纳米TiO2 膜电极在阴极扫描时有两对可逆氧化还原峰 ,可逆半波电位Er1/ 2 分别为 -0 .5 3V和 -0 .92V (vs .SCE ,扫描速度 0 .0 5V·s-1) ,对应于TiO2 /Ti2 O3 和TiO2 /Ti(OH) 3 两个氧化还原电对的可逆电极过程 .其中TiO2 /Ti2 O3 电对对马来酸具有异相电催化还原活性 ,纳米TiO2 膜中的TiⅣ/TiⅢ 氧化还原电对作为媒质间接电还原马来酸为丁二酸 (butanediacid) ,反应机理为电化学偶联随后化学催化反应 (EC′)机理 .     

Ta2O5/Si薄膜界面结构及光催化活性

利用溶胶-凝胶法和旋转镀膜法在单晶Si(110)基底上制备了Ta2O5光催化剂薄膜. 薄膜颗粒的晶粒度和大小随着热处理温度的升高而增加. 利用扫描俄歇电子能谱(AES)的表面成分分析、深度剖析和线形分析技术研究了热处理温度对Ta2O5/Si 样品膜层和基底的界面化学状态和相互作用的影响规律. 研究表明, 在700 ℃以下热处理时, Ta2O5/Si薄膜界面处以扩散作用为主;在800 ℃高温热处理时,在界面扩散的同时也引发界面反应, 生成了SiO2物种, 界面扩散和界面反应会对薄膜和基底元素的化学价态发生影响. 在紫外光下降解水杨酸的光催化活性的研究表明, 在600 ℃下焙烧制备的Ta2O5/Si薄膜具有与TiO2/Si薄膜相当的光催化活性.     

改性316L不锈钢表面聚苯胺的制备及电化学性能

采用原位氧化技术调整316L不锈钢(SS316L)基体元素Cr和Ni在界面的浓度和分布, 形成了Ni和Cr富集改性界面. 应用计时电位技术, 通过Cr和Ni改性层催化草酸溶液中的苯胺单体在其表面吸附并聚合, 在SS316L表面沉积了附着力良好的聚苯胺(PANI)膜. 与SS316L相比, 表面富Ni-Cr的SS316L在涂覆PANI膜后, 在80 ℃ 0.5 mol/L H₂SO₄+5 mg/L F^-溶液中阳极和阴极的腐蚀电位分别提高470和500 mV, 维钝电流均下降2~3个数量级; 在模拟质子交换膜燃料电池运行环境中, 经36000 s恒电位极化, 其阳极和阴极的腐蚀电流分别下降约1和2个数量级, 腐蚀速度分别约为6~9 和< 5 μA/cm²; 在1.4 MPa压力下, 聚苯胺膜层与Toray 060碳纸间接触电阻下降约250 mΩ·cm². SS316L表面形成富Ni-Cr改性层并涂覆聚苯胺膜后, 其耐蚀性和导电性均明显优于原始SS316L, 这主要取决于富Ni-Cr改性层的结构、 组成和聚苯胺膜的厚度.     

B改性钒钛催化剂低温NH3-SCR还原NOx

选择性催化还原(SCR)技术是降低柴油机NOx排放的常用技术,其核心部件为催化剂.目前最广泛使用的催化剂为V2O5/TiO2催化剂,但其存在一些缺点,如低温活性不佳、活性温度窗口较窄等.为了解决该催化剂存在的上述一系列问题,我们对V2O5/TiO2催化剂进行改性处理.采用溶胶-凝胶法和浸渍法制备了 B改性的V2O5/T...     

新型多壁碳纳米管/白藜芦醇印迹溶胶-凝胶层层组装电化学传感器研究

采用电化学沉积方法将印迹溶胶-凝胶膜沉积到功能化碳纳米管(MWNT-COOH)修饰的碳电极表面,成功研制一种新型多壁碳纳米管/白藜芦醇印迹溶胶-凝胶电化学传感器.采用扫描电镜(SEM),循环伏安法(CV),方波伏安法(SWV)和计时电流法(i-t)详细考察该印迹溶胶-凝胶膜的形态和电化学性能.结果表明该传感器对白藜芦醇具有较高的选择性和亲和性.与无多壁碳纳米管修饰的印迹传感器比较,MWNT层修饰的印迹传感器电流响应信号明显提高.白藜芦醇与印迹溶胶-凝胶膜的特异性结合使该传感器的电流发生变化,电流变化与白藜芦醇浓度在5.0×10-7～8.0×10-5mol?L-1范围内呈良好线性关系,检测限为5.1×10-8mol?L-1,该传感器成功应用于葡萄酒中白藜芦醇含量的检测.     

电化学阻抗谱法研究铈改性TiO2纳米管阵列光电极裂解水产氢动力学

通过阳极氧化法在纯钛板上制备TiO2纳米管阵列电极.在光电化学电解池阳极中加入供电子物质乙二醇,显著减小了TiO2纳米管的电荷传递阻抗,促进了光电催化裂解水产氢反应.采用阴极电沉积和阳极氧化法制备了单质铈和氧化铈共同改性的TiO2纳米管阵列半导体光阳极,其平带电位向电负方向移动.采用电化学阻抗谱法(EIS)对改性后TiO2纳米管阵列在光电催化裂解水产氢中的电子传输性能以及界面性质进行了表征,确定了各阻抗弧对应的电极过程.采用合理的等效电路模型计算了电极的电子传输动力学参数.结果表明,经铈改性后的TiO2纳米管阵列膜电阻明显减小,有利于氢气的产生.探讨了单质铈与氧化铈促进TiO2纳米管阵列电荷传输的作用机理.     

TiO2-Al2O3复合氧化物负载NiMo加氢脱硫催化剂的研究

采用溶胶凝胶技术，从Al2O3载体的表面改性出发，制备了TiO2-Al2O3复合载体。采用此改性载体制备了NiMo／TiO2-Al2O3催化剂；用中压固定床微反装置考察了载体改性对制备的催化剂的噻吩加氢脱硫(HDS)活性的影响．用透射电镜、NH3-TPD及吡啶红外光谱法对改性载体和催化剂进行了表征．结果表明，经钛溶胶改性的载体制备的催化剂与原有载体制备的催化剂相比，催化剂活性提高了20％．改性载体表面负载的钛溶胶以纳米尺寸的TiO2微粒形态存在．     

脉冲激光沉积非晶态Ni-V2O5 复合薄膜及其电化学性能研究

首次报道了用355 nm脉冲激光沉积非晶态Ni-V2O5复合薄膜电极的电化学性能.采用不同摩尔比的NixV2O5 靶(x=0.1,0.3,0.5),在不同的基片温度(Ts)和O2气压力下制备了Ni-V2O5复合薄膜.XRD 和SEM测定表明, 在不锈钢基片上, Ts=300℃和氧气压力为14 Pa沉积0.5 h得到的是非晶态的Ni-V2O5薄膜.将此非晶态的Ni0.3V2O5薄膜电极用于锂电池的正极,与纯V2O5薄膜相比,不仅具有良好的放电速率性能和高的比容量,而且其充放电循环稳定性优异.该薄膜电极在放电速率为20 C时测得的比容量达200 mAh/g,并经1000次以上的充放电循环无明显的衰减.     

磁场对316L不锈钢微生物腐蚀行为的影响

采用循环极化、微生物分析法、扫描电镜及表面能谱分析等方法,研究了磁场对316L不锈钢在含硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)的土壤模拟溶液中的腐蚀行为。结果表明,磁场可以抑制SRB的生长;未外加磁场时316L不锈钢表面膜层以局部堆积为主,加有磁场时,局部堆积明显减小,膜层均匀致密的排列于基体表面;无论有或没有外加磁场,316L不锈钢表面均发生钝化膜破裂型点蚀,未外加磁场时的点蚀电位低于加有磁场时的。在相同的浸泡时间,未外加磁场时循环极化滞后环面积明显比加有磁场时的大,说明磁场可以有效抑制316L不锈钢点蚀的形成与发展,降低316L不锈钢的点蚀诱发能力。     

Self-assembled monolayers of alkanoic acids on the native oxide surface of SS316L by solution deposition

Stainless steel 316L is a widely used biomaterial substrate whose biocompatibility could be improved by surface modification. As a first step in this process, self-assembled monolayers of octanoic acid, octadecylcarboxylic acid, 16-hydroxyhexadecanoic acid, 12-aminododecanoic acid, and 1,12-dodecane dicarboxylic acid have been formed on the native oxide surface of stainless steel 316L by a simple, one-step solution deposition method. The ordering, close-packing, and coverage of the monolayers formed were characterized by diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, and atomic force microscopy. The same procedure was applicable for all long alkyl chain carboxylic acids. This process formed chemically and mechanically stable monolayers. These carboxylic acids formed a bidentate bond with the stainless steel substrate. Robust chemical attachment of the acids to stainless steel through a simple process provides a stepping stone to improving the biocompatibility of stainless steel 316L.     

离子束修饰对电极表面结构和析氢活性的影响

采用了离子束对工业钛电极进行表面改性，用电化学方法研究了改性电极在Ｈ２ＳＯ４溶液中的析氢活性，用表面能谱分析了电极表面的组分和结构。结果表明：通过离子束修饰在电极表面引入微量的活性元素即可明显改善工业纯钛电极的析氢催化活性；离子束修饰改变了电极表面的组分和相结构，从而达到了改性的目的。     

UV irradiation enhances the bonding strength between citric acid-crosslinked gelatin and stainless steel

The effect of ultraviolet ray (UV) irradiation on the bonding strength between low carbon stainless steel 316 (SUS316L) and trisuccinimidyl citrate (TSC)-crosslinked alkali-treated gelatin (AlGelatin-TSC) was investigated. The UV irradiation effectively generated hydroxyl groups on the surface of SUS316L. The bonding strength between AlGelatin-TSC and SUS316L before UV irradiation was 0.345±0.007 MPa, and upon UV irradiation it increased to 0.750±0.069 MPa. In order to explain this enhanced bonding strength, the surface of SUS316L was examined using its water contact angle and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Furthermore, the N 1s peaks derived from the TSC succinimidyl group were assigned to the surface of SUS316L after the immobilization of the TSC. This indicates that ester bond formation between the TSC active esters and the SUS316L hydroxyl groups contributed to the enhanced bonding strength. Therefore, UV irradiation and subsequent TSC immobilization is a simple way to functionalize biometal surfaces with various structures. This has practical applications for medical devices such as drug-eluting stents, dental implants, and metallic artificial bone.     

Blood compatibility of surface modified Si incorporated carbon nanotubes film

There is an increasing interest in developing novel film to improve the biocompatibility of cardiovascular implants. In this study, carbon nanotubes (CNT) film was synthesized by on the Si wafers using thermal chemical vapor deposition. The structure, surface properties as well as surface biomedical compatibility were evaluated using different characterization techniques. The contact angles of water on Si, stainless steel and CNT film were 33.7°, 72.4° and 105.1°, respectively. In vitro platelet adhesion experimental results demonstrated that the CNT film significantly reduced thrombogenicity by minimizing the platelet adhesion, activation and aggregation, compared to Si wafer and 316L stainless steel. The hydrophobic properties were determined to be factor contributing to the improved haemocompatibility.     

载波钝化和钼酸盐后处理对不锈钢钝化膜性能的影响

一般认为交流电对金属的腐蚀过程具有加速作用,但我们发现,在直流电位基础上叠加适当波形、幅值和频率的交流电对不锈钢进行载波钝化,尔后再进行适当后处理可使钝化膜的稳定性提高,我们曾就不经后处理的载波钝化过程进行过探讨,本文着重探讨钼酸盐后处理对载波钝化膜表面状态和化学稳定性改善的作用机理。     

Effects of cyclonic plasma deposited organosilicon nano-coating on 316 stainless steel and its surface characterization

Cyclonic atmospheric pressure plasma is developed to synthesize the organosilicon nano-coating on 316 L stainless steel surface with hexamethyldisilazane (HMDSN) and HMDSN/N₂ monomers. The modified 316 L stainless steel surface characteristics of cyclonic plasma deposited organosilicon nano-coating were evaluated by the static contact angle measurement, FTIR, SEM, AFM, and XPS detections. The chemical analysis with FTIR and XPS depicts that cyclonic plasma deposited nano-coating obtains the relatively inorganic characteristics. The surface morphological determination with SEM and AFM refers cyclonic plasma deposited 316 L stainless steel surface roughness alteration with switching monomer inputs. This study shows the potential of chamber-less deposition to create the plasma deposited organosilicon nano-coating for 316 L stainless.