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1.
Magnetic and structural characteristics of Pr2Co17-based ternaries, in which Co is partly replaced by other transition elements, namely Fe, Mn, Cr, Cu and Al, have been investigated. The objective of the work was to explore the possibility of enhancing the anisotropy of Pr2Co17 to the point that it would be useful for permanent magnet fabrication. X-ray diffraction indicates that all the systems studied occur in the rhombohedral Th2Zn17 structure. The cell constants increase as Fe, Mn, etc., are introduced in the system, which indicates that substitution occurs in the Co sublattice. The Curie temperatures, Tc, decrease monotonically with increasing x in the order Fe < Cu < Mn < Al < Cr. The saturation magnetization, Ms, increases with increasing x for the Fe system with x 8. For x #62; 8 in the Pr2Co17-xFex system and in all other ternary systems st died, Ms decreases with x, the magnitude of the effect being in the order Cr #62; Al #62; Mn #62; Cu. The rate of decrease is larger than that expected as a simple dilution except for the systems containing Cu. Significant modification of the anisotropy characteristics of Pr2Co17 is observed upon substitution. The planar anisotropy of Pr2Co17 becomes uniaxial with Fe (x 4) and Mn (x 2) substitutions. With Cr and Al substitutions, the plane-seeking tendency of Pr2Co17 is significantly weakened.  相似文献   

2.
Structure and magnetic properties of the Zr1−xMnxCo2+δ alloys were studied for 0 x <0.7, δ=0, 0.45. The cubic C15 Laves phase structure shows Mn solubility up to x≈0.4. The other Laves phase with the hexagonal C36 structure found for x0.5 apparently has a small region of Mn solubility in the vicinity of Zr0.4Mn0.6Co2. Though the parent Mn-free compounds are known to be paramagnetic, the Mn-substituted alloys show ferromagnetic behavior with the Curie temperatures up to 625 K and the room-temperature saturation magnetization of about 100 emu/g. The onset of ferromagnetism with the Mn substitution for Zr may be caused by polarization of itinerant 3d electrons, like it was earlier supposed for the off-stoichiometric ZrCo2+δ. The universal composition dependencies of the intrinsic magnetic properties for different δ can be obtained, if plotted against the amount of zirconium atoms missing in its sublattice. The room-temperature anisotropy with the noticeable anisotropy field of 24 kOe and the 1 1 0 easy magnetization direction laying in a basal plane was found in the hexagonal Zr0.5Mn0.5Co2.  相似文献   

3.
Magnetization and Curie temperature of YxZr1−xCo2.9 decrease with decreasing x. Their hydrides with x0.8 are paramagnetic with an anomaly and those of 0.7x0.5 become weak ferromagnets. The spin structure is discussed.  相似文献   

4.
A series of samples Pr0.6−xSr0.4MnO3 (x=0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2) were synthesized by a solid state reaction method. Pr deficiency at the A site has a great effect on the properties of Pr0.6−xSr0.4MnO3 as the cathode of SOFCs (solid oxide fuel cells). Compared to the commonly used La0.6Sr0.4MnO3 and La0.55Sr0.4MnO3 cathode, Pr0.6−xSr0.4MnO3 is better in the properties of conductivity, overpotential and impedance. In all the samples, the one with x=0.05, Pr0.55Sr0.4MnO3, revealed the best performance in the measured temperature range.  相似文献   

5.
The polarized Raman spectra of Nd1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ (−0.023≤x≤0.107) and Pr1+xBa2−xCu3O7−δ (0.01≤x≤0.15) single crystals have been investigated. It was found that the Cu(2) Ag mode softens by 6 cm−1 in Nd 1:2:3 and 4 cm−1 in Pr 1:2:3 as x increases. These frequency shifts cannot be explained by the change in the relevant bond lengths due to Nd(Pr)-substitution for Ba. The variations with x of the two low frequency modes may be affected by change of their hybridization and/or change of their force constants. The linewidths of Ba mode in Pr 1:2:3 are broader than those in Y 1:2:3. This result suggests that the Pr substitution on Ba sites occurred even in a very small value of x. In x(yy) geometry the relative intensity of the Ba and O(4) modes in Nd 1:2:3 is greater than those in Pr 1:2:3. The difference between Nd 1:2:3 and Pr 1:2:3 in the relative intensity of the Ba and O(4) modes may be produced by the chains.  相似文献   

6.
New Scheelite-related solid solutions of the compositions Nax/2Bi1−x/2MoxV1−xO4 (0≤x≤1) and Bi1−x/3 MoxV1−xO4(0≤x≤0.2) have been synthesised by the substitution of Na and Mo at the A and B sites respectively of the ABO4 type ferroelastic BiVO4. The phases were characterised using chemical analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, EDAX, and Raman spectroscopy. While almost a continuous solid solution is obtained for the series Nax/2Bi1−x/2MoxV1−xO4, the absence of Na at the A-site results only in a narrow stability region for the other series, Bi1−x/3 MoxV1−xO4 where 0≤x≤0.2. Raman spectra of selected samples at room temperature also suggest that vanadium and molybdenum atoms are disordered at the tetrahedral sites.  相似文献   

7.
R2(Fe, Co)14B compounds (R = Y, Nd and Gd) were prepared in high purity. The magnetic behavior of R2(Fe, Co)14B compounds is reported over the temperature range 4 to 300 K. The effects of Fe substitution by Co on the saturation magnetization, Curie temperature and anisotropy are presented. The spin-reorientation temperature is lowered as Co replaces Fe. This also results in a reduced cone angle.

The R2Fe14−xCoxB alloys crystallize in the tetragonal structure over the entire concentration range of 0 x 14. When Fe is substituted by Co, the Curie temperature increases significantly, the saturation magnetization increases to a maximum value around x = 2, and the anisotropy becomes planar for R = Y and Gd. The Nd2(Fe, Co)14B systems all exhibit uniaxial anisotropy at room temperature and Nd2Co14B is strongly uniaxial at 77 K. The Nd2(Fe, Co)14B systems are conical at 77 K.  相似文献   


8.
Layer-type oxide NaxMx/2IITi1−x/2IVO2 (M=Co, Ni; 0.60≤x≤1.0) has been prepared by solid state reactions. In both series, two structural variants of type -NaFeO2 (O3) and β-RbScO2 (P2) have been obtained consecutively as x decreases with a borderline composition around xc0.7. With the decrease of x, the ionic conductivity has been found to increase up to 8.4×10−2 S cm−1 at 770 K (Na0.67Co0.33Ti0.67O2). Compositions of P2 have been found to exhibit the conductivity values two to five times greater than those of O3, primarily due to the larger rectangular threshold available for the diffusion of Na+ ions. Such a structural effect has also been considered to depend on the polarizability of alkali ion. HT-XRD and 23Na-NMR data of Na0.67Co0.33Ti0.67O2 strongly suggest that the diffusion of Na+ ion is deeply related with the local distortion of trigonal prismatic sites, leading to the change of activation energy around 430 K.  相似文献   

9.
The magnetic behaviors of granular (Fe65Co35)x(Al2O3)1−x films have been examined. The results show that the coercivity at 5 K first increases sharply from 80 Oe for x = 0.1 to 700 Oe for x = 0.3 and then drops with increasing x. This behavior differs from the system of Fe-SiO2. Considering the interfacial area, we can theoretically explain the difference between these systems. It is concluded that the peak value of coercivity becomes smaller and occurs at a lower value of x for a more rapidly increasing granular size with volume fraction.  相似文献   

10.
The crystal structure and properties of La1 − xSrxCoO3 − y with strontium contents ranging from x = 0.1 to x = 0.7 have been studied. The lattice parameters were measured as a function of temperature (4.2–400 K) and the crystal structure was found to change from rhombohedral (at low temperatures and values of x) to cubic. While LaCoO3 is paramagnetic the oxides in the composition range 0.2 < x < 0.6 are soft ferromagnets. The strontium additions are compensated by the formation of Co4+ (cobalt ions with one positive effective charge, CoCo.) and oxygen vacancies (Vo..). From the results it is concluded that the relative importance of oxygen vacancies increases with increasing temperature and decreasing oxygen activity. As a result the concentration of electronic charge carriers — and the resultant electrical conductivity — decrease with increasing temperature. The defect structure is discussed and it is concluded that defect associations — probably between oxygen vacancies and strontium ions — and formation of microdomains of perovskite-related phases are important aspects of the overall structure of these perovskite phases.  相似文献   

11.
The maximum solid solubility of gallium in the perovskite-type La1−xSrxFe1−yGayO3−δ (x=0.40–0.80; y=0–0.60) was found to vary in the approximate range y=0.25–0.45, decreasing when x increases. Crystal lattice of the perovskite phases, formed in atmospheric air, was studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and neutron diffraction and identified as cubic. Doping with Ga results in increasing unit cell volume, while the thermal expansion and total conductivity of (La,Sr)(Fe,Ga)O3−δ in air decrease with gallium additions. The average thermal expansion coefficients (TECs) are in the range (11.7–16.0)×10−6 K−1 at 300–800 K and (19.3–26.7)×10−6 K−1 at 800–1100 K. At oxygen partial pressures close to atmospheric air, the oxygen permeation fluxes through La1−xSrxFe1−yGayO3−δ (x=0.7–0.8; y=0.2–0.4) membranes are determined by the bulk ambipolar conductivity; the limiting effect of the oxygen surface exchange was found negligible. Decreasing strontium and gallium concentrations leads to a greater role of the exchange processes. As for many other perovskite systems, the oxygen ionic conductivity of La1−xSrxFe1−yGayO3−δ increases with strontium content up to x=0.70 and decreases on further doping, probably due to association of oxygen vacancies. Incorporation of moderate amounts of gallium into the B sublattice results in increasing structural disorder, higher ionic conductivity at temperatures below 1170 K, and lower activation energy for the ionic transport.  相似文献   

12.
An attempt is made to synthesize Nd2Co14C compound by mechanical alloying Nd16Co76B8−xCx (0x8) alloys and subsequent annealing. Phase formation and magnetic properties of Nd2Fe14B-type Nd16Co76B8−xCx alloys and their hydrides are investigated. The Nd2Co14(B,C) phase with Nd2Fe14B-type structure is formed for Nd16Co76B8−xCx (0x7) alloys, while NdCo7Cδ phase with TbCu7-type structure is observed in Nd16Co76C8 alloy. The lattice parameter c of the Nd2Co14(B,C) phase decreases with increasing the carbon content. A limit volume of the unit cell to form the Nd2Fe14B-type structure is estimated to be 0.870 nm3. The spin-reorientation temperature TSR increases with increasing the carbon content, due to an enhancement of magnetocrystalline anisotropy caused by carbon substitution for boron. After hydrogenation, the lattice expansion is observed for Nd16Co76B8−xCx (0x7) alloys. The spin-reorientation temperature of Nd16Co76B8−xCxHy (0x7) is much lower than that of the host alloys. Some structural and magnetic properties of hypothetic Nd2Co14C and Nd2Co14CHy compounds are estimated by extrapolation.  相似文献   

13.
The dielectric constant (′) and dielectric loss (tan δ) for hexaferrites BaCo2−xZnxFe16O27 have been studied as a function of frequency (f), temperature (T) and composition (x). The experimental results indicate that ′ and tan δ above the relaxation frequency only decrease as the frequency increases and as the temperature decreases. Tan δ shows the dielectric relaxation at certain critical frequencies which rise as temperature increases. The activation energy for the dielectric relaxation (ED), ′, and tan δ are found to be minimum for x = 0.8.  相似文献   

14.
Superconductivity and crystallographic properties of La2 − xMxCuO4 − δ (M = Na, K) are studied. In the La2 − xMxCuO4 − δ system, superconductivity is detected for x 0.2. Oxygen content analysis shows that the system has more oxygen vacancies than the La2 − xSrxCuO4 − δ system. These oxygen vacancies may reduce the hole concentration, and high Na-doping is needed to produce superconductivity. In the La2 − xKxCuO4 − δ system, superconductivity is observed for the first time. Resistivity and magnetic susceptibility measurements show that Tc(onset) is 40 K and the Meissner volume fraction is about 4% for x = 0.7. The system changes from orthorhombic to a tetragonal K2NiF4 structure at x ≈ 0.3 and only tetragonal samples show superconductivity.  相似文献   

15.
Magnetization measurements are made in pulsed magnetic fields up to 200 kOe at 4.2 K and up to 100 kOe at various temperatures on the alloys Fe1−xCoxSi. In the paramagnetic region of x<0.05 or x0.7, we expected a metamagnet transition at high field but no remarkable change of magnetization is observed.  相似文献   

16.
We have investigated the reversible mixed-state magnetization M of three lanthanum substituted Bi1.95Sr2.05−xLaxCuOy (Bi-2201) ceramic samples having different critical temperatures Tc ranging from 20.0 to 35.5 K. As for the Bi2Sr2CaCu2O8+δ (Bi-2212) phase, we found that anisotropy of Bi-2201 is large. A manifestation of this anisotropy is the field independent magnetization M* observed at a temperature T*. In the framework of the London model, and including thermal fluctuations of vortices, we found for the temperature dependence of the penetration depth λab(T) = λab(0)[1 − (T/Tc0)n]−1/2, with n 1.7 and λab (T = 0) 4000 Å. The estimated upper critical fields μ0Hc2,c are of the order of 10 T. We observe a peculiar negative slope M/T at low temperature and sufficiently high external magnetic field. This feature seems to be a characteristic of the Bi-2201 phase. However, we do not know whether it is associated with the superconducting mixed-state. A small amount of magnetic impurities could also be responsible for this behavior. Finally, the behavior of the reversible magnetization of the Bi-2201 samples investigated, which are situated at the optimal and in the overdoped region, did not indicate any unusual temperature dependence for the upper critical field Hc2,c.  相似文献   

17.
V1−xCrxSe(0.05x0.83) shows a temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibility χ which is similar to that of CrSe. At small x, the magnetic transition temperature Tt(x) and the Weiss constant θp(x) decrease with decreasing x, while the effective number of Bohr magnetons per Cr (Peff) significantly increases.  相似文献   

18.
Samples of Bi2Sr2Ca1−xPrxCu2Oy have been characterized by resistivity and thermoelectric power measurements. All metallic samples show superconductivity with a maximum Tc = 90 K at X = 0.2. The sample of x = 0.6 shows a crossover from hopping conduction at low temperature above Tc to metallic conduction at high temperature. For the metallic samples below x = 0.6, the results of thermoelectric power are well fitted by both of a phenomenological band spectrum model and the Nagaosa and Lee model.  相似文献   

19.
The compounds Ba1.4Sr0.6YCu3Oz (7.0≤z<7.4) were synthesized at 2 GPa to clarify the effect of high temperature and pressure on the superconducting properties. The structure as observed by powder X-ray diffraction was tetragonal for z≥7.2, and orthorhombic or tetragonal for z<7.1. It has been revealed that high-pressure syntheses suppress the superconductivity in the compounds with z<7.1. Recovery of the superconducting properties occurs above z≥7.2. The effect of Sr substitution on the superconducting properties was also studied. The magnitude of diamagnetism at 5–30 K decreases monotonically from −0.003 to −0.0002 emu/g Oe with increasing x in Ba2−xSrxYCu3Oz (x≥1.2).  相似文献   

20.
A large positive magnetoresistance (MR) has been found in micro-sized Fex–C1−x composites. At a magnetic field of 5 T, the Fe0.2–C0.8 composite has the largest MR, 53.8% and 190% at room temperature and at 5 K, respectively. The magnetic field dependence of the MR can be described approximately as MR∝Bn, and the value of exponent n is determined by the Fe weight concentration and temperature, ranging from 1/4 to 6/4. It appears that Fex–C1−x has a linear field dependence of the positive MR at different temperatures. The possible mechanism for the positive MR is discussed.  相似文献   

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