甘油糖脂的合成工.1,2-二-O-脂酰基-3-O-(α-D-吡喃半乳糖基)-sn-甘油的合成

采用一种有效的方法合成了具有不同链长的二脂酰基α-D-半乳糖型甘油糖脂.将半乳糖烯丙苷化,重结晶得到α-D-半乳糖烯丙苷.随后将糖环的羟基用苄基保护,再利用OsO4/NMO(N-甲基-N-氧吗啉)的二羟基化条件将1-O烯丙基氧化成为邻二羟基,得到3-O-(2＇,3＇,4＇,6＇-四-O-苄基-α-D-吡喃半乳糖基)-sn-甘油.其与不同链长的脂酰氯进行脂酰化反应,然后氢解去掉苄基得到五种二脂酰基α-D-半乳糖苷基甘油.利用1H NMR,13C NMR,2D NMR,IR和MS对化合物的结构进行了确证.     

具类辣素结构丙烯酰胺的合成及其抑菌和防污性能

以N-羟甲基丙烯酰胺和苯酚类化合物为原料,合成了N-(2-羟基-3-丙烯酰胺甲基-4,6-二甲基苄基)丙烯酰胺(HMABA)、N-(2-羟基-3-丙烯酰胺甲基-4,5-二甲基苄基)丙烯酰胺(AMHBA)、N-(3,5-二甲基-4-羟基苄基)丙烯酰胺(MHBA)、N-(3,6-二甲基-4-丙烯酰胺甲基-2-羟基苄基)丙烯酰胺(MAHBA)和N-(2甲氧基-4-甲基-5-丙烯酰胺甲基苄基)丙烯酰胺(MMABA)5个类辣素结构的丙烯酰胺衍生物。 通过红外光谱（IR）、核磁波谱（1H NMR）、质谱（HR-MS）和元素分析对化合物的结构进行了表征。 抑菌试验表明,HMABA对金黄色葡萄球菌和大肠杆菌的抑制效果最好,最低抑菌浓度均可达0.125 g/L。 将此5个化合物作为防污剂制备海洋防污涂料,120 d的实海结果表明,基本无污损海生物附着。     

新型吡唑硫代酰胺衍生物的合成

首次合成了7个新的5-(2-羟基-6-甲氧基苯基)-3-甲基-N-取代酰基-4,5-二氢吡唑-1-硫代酰胺衍生物,其结构经1H NMR,IR和元素分析表征。初步生物活性测试结果表明,部分化合物具有杀菌活性。     

辣椒素同系物合成、辣度及海洋生物防污性能研究

合成了十种辣椒碱同系物,用感官评定的方法对其辣度进行了测定,并将它们的结构与辣度进行了对比,探讨了影响辣椒碱同系物辣度的结构因子.选取其中辣度较大的四种辣椒碱同系物作为海洋生物防污涂料的驱赶剂,考察了它们的海洋生物防污性能.结果表明,辣椒碱和二氢辣椒碱都具有良好的防污性能,二者不相上下.降二氢辣椒碱和壬酸香草胺的防污性能与辣椒碱和二氢辣椒碱有明显区别.仅以辣椒碱或二氢辣椒碱为驱赶剂,且其含量仅为0.1%的情况下,漆膜也表现出较好的防污性能,这为研发新型的、环保的、不含氧化亚铜的防污涂料提供了新思路.     

新型含氟酰胺化羟甲香豆素衍生物的合成及生物活性

以羟甲香豆素为先导,利用活性亚结构拼接原理,通过引入三氟甲基及酰胺基,设计、合成了系列新型含氟酰胺化羟甲香豆素衍生物,其结构用~1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、HRMS表征,N-正丁酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f1)及N-对甲苯甲酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f9)的结构经X射线单晶衍射进一步确证.除草活性初筛表明,化合物f1、N-苯乙酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f13)、N-甲基丙烯酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f5)、N-环丙甲酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f7)及N-(6-氯烟酰基)-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f20)对马唐幼茎的生长具有强烈抑制作用,f9、f7及N-(萘-2-甲酰基)-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f17)对灰藜幼茎生长具有良好抑制作用,其抑制率高于对照药剂乙草胺.作物安全评价结果表明,化合物f1、f9及f13对双子叶作物白菜及油菜比较安全,对单子叶作物小麦及高粱比较敏感.抑菌活性评价表明,N-间溴苯甲酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆(f12)、f7及f9对番茄灰霉病菌具有较好抑制作用,N-氢化肉桂酰基-N-间氟苄基-6-氨基-7-甲氧基-4-三氟甲基香豆素(f14)对苹果腐烂病菌具有较好抑制作用.     

拉科酰胺的合成工艺改进

以N-Boc-D-丝氨酸为起始原料,经羟基甲基化、与苄胺的酰胺化、脱除Boc保护基和胺基乙酰化4步反应合成了拉科酰胺(1),总收率76.0%,其结构经1H NMR和MS表征。在关键中间体(R)-N-苄基-2-N-Boc-氨基-3-甲氧基丙酰胺的合成中,以三乙胺代替N-甲基吗啉作为缚酸剂,以氯甲酸异丙酯代替DCC为缩合剂,有效降低了合成成本。     

甘油糖脂的合成I.1,2-二－O－脂酰基－3－O－（α-D-吡喃半乳糖基）－sn-甘油的合成

采用一种有效的方法合成了具有不同链长的二脂酰基α-D-半乳糖型甘油糖脂 。将半乳糖烯丙苷化，重结晶得到α－D－半乳糖烯丙苷。随后将糖环的羟基用苄 基保护，再利用OsO4/NMO(N-甲基－N－氧吗啉）的二羟基化条件将1－O烯丙基氧化 成为邻二羟基，得到3－O－（2′，3′，4′，6′－四－O－苄基－α－D－吡喃半 乳糖基）－sn-甘油。其与不同链长的脂酰氯进行脂酰化反应，然后氢解去掉苄基 得到五种二脂酰基α-D-半乳糖苷基甘油。利用^1H NMR,^13C NMR,2D NMR,IR和MS 对化合物的结构进行了确证。     

含三氟甲基吡啶酰胺结构的N-氰基磺酰亚胺衍生物的合成及生物活性

采用活性亚结构拼接法,设计合成了系列新型含三氟甲基吡啶酰胺结构的N-氰基磺酰亚胺类衍生物,其结构经1H NMR、~(13)C NMR、~(19)F NMR和HRMS进行了表征.评估了它们对柑橘溃疡病菌(Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. citri)、烟草青枯病菌(Ralstoniasolanacearum)和水稻白叶枯病菌(Xanthomonasoryzaepv.oryzae)的杀菌活性及对小菜蛾(Plutella xylostella)的杀虫活性.结果表明,部分化合物表现出了良好的抗菌活性和中等的杀虫活性.其中,在200 mg/L质量浓度下,3-氯-(2-(N-氰基-S-(3,4-二氟苄基)磺酰亚胺酰基)乙基)-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G10)对柑橘溃疡病菌、烟草青枯病菌和水稻白叶枯病菌的抑制率分别为67%、53%和48%,3-氯-(2-(N-氰基-S-(2,5-二氟苄基)磺酰亚胺酰基)乙基)-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G17)对柑橘溃疡病菌的抗菌活性为69%,(2-(S-(2-溴-4-氟苄基)-N-氰基磺酰亚胺基)乙基)-3-氯-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G14)对水稻白叶枯病菌的抑制率为49%.在100 mg/L时,(2-(S-(4-溴-2-氟苄基)-N-氰基磺酰亚胺基)乙基)-3-氯-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G1)、3-氯-(2-(N-氰基-S-(3-氟苄基)磺酰亚胺基)乙基)-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G7)、3-氯-(2-(N-氰基-S-(2,4-二氟苄基)磺酰亚胺酰基)乙基)-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G8)和G10也有中等的杀菌活性,在测试浓度下,部分化合物的活性略高于对照药剂或与之相当.此外,在500mg/L时,化合物G10和3-氯-(2-(N-氰基-S-(4-异丙基苄基)磺酰亚胺基)乙基)-5-(三氟甲基)吡啶酰胺(G11)对小菜蛾的致死率分别为77%和70%.     

消旋防己诺林的全合成

本文报道由1-3'-溴4'-甲氧基)苄基-2-甲基-6-甲氧基-7-羟基-8-溴-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(2)和1-(1'-羟基)苄基-2-甲基-6-甲氧基-7-羟基-1,2,3,4-四氢异喹啉(3)通过Ullmann反应合成了消旋防己诺林。     

新型多肽固相合成链接子{4-[叔丁氧羰基氨基-(2’,4’-二甲氧基苄基)]苯氧基乙酸}的合成

以4-羟基苯甲酸和间苯二甲醚为原料,经傅-克酰基化反应、苄基保护、还原氨化、Boc保护氨基、脱苄基、亲核取代反应、酯水解等7步反应合成了一个新型的多肽固相合成的链接子4-[叔丁氧羰基氨基-(2’,4’-二甲氧基苯基)]苯氧基乙酸,总收率47.2%,纯度>98%,其结构经1H NMR,13C NMR和HR-MS确证。     

Aliphatic hydroxylation and epoxidation of capsaicin by cytochrome P450 CYP505X

Microbial cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) are able to mimic the metabolism of human CYPs. One challenge is to identify the respective drug metabolites and to compare substrate specificities to those of the human enzymes. In this study, a class VIII self-sufficient CYP from Aspergillus fumigatus (CYP505X) and variants of this enzyme were heterologously expressed in E. coli. The substrate scope of the variants was determined using active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) and (hetero)cyclic compounds. Capsaicin – the active compound in chili peppers – was oxidized most efficiently (4.36?μM/min) in a whole cell mediated biotransformation. The products were isolated, purified and their structures elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR. The two major metabolites showed modifications on the lipophilic side chain. Specifically, capsaicin was hydroxylated at position 8 to give (E)-8-hydroxy-N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-8-methylnon-6-enamide and epoxidized at the double bond to give N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-5-(3-isopropyloxiran-2-yl)-pentanamide.     

Polyphenolic components of knotwood extracts from Abies sibirica

An extract from the knotwood of Abies sibirica (Siberian fir) was studied by HPLC, NMR spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry with the goal to identify new sources of phytoestrogens, which are promising medicinal agents, and to obtain new representatives of natural compounds of the indicated group. The following compounds were found in the extract and identified: 2-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-3-hydroxymethyl-4-[1-hydroxy-1-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)methyl]tetrahydrofuran (1), 5′-(7-hydroxymatairesinyl)-5″-(7?-hydroxymatairesinol) (2), 2,3-bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)butane-1,4-diol (3, (?)-secoisolariciresinol), and 3-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)-5-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-4-(hydroxymethyl)dihydro-furan-2(3H)-one (4). Compound 2 was previously unknown.

     

Studies on the syntheses of heteroeyelie compounds. Part DV. Cyclization products of i-substituted 2-benzyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridines [syntheses of analgesics. Part XXXV]

Treatment of 1,2,5,6-tetrahydro-2-(4-hydroxy- and/or 4-methoxybenzyl)-3,4-dimethyl-I-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)pyridines (IV and V) and 2-(4-methoxybenzyl)-3,4-dimethyl-1-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-4-piperidinol (X) with acid afforded 9-(4-hydroxy- and/or 4-methoxybenzyl)-4,4,5,6-tetramethyl-1-azabicyelo[3,3,1]non-6-ene (XIII and XIV). In contrast, the corresponding 1-allyl-substituted derivatives VI, VII, and XI were converted into the expected 3-allyl-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-8-hydroxy- and/or 8-methoxy-6,11-dimethyl-2,6-methano-3-benzazocine (II and III).     

N-(5-Hydroxy-3',4'-ethylenedioxy-7-isoflavonyloxyacetyl)-substituted Amino Acids and Peptides

A series of N-(5-hydroxy-3',4'-ethylenedioxy-7-isoflavonyloxyacetyl)-substituted amino acids and peptides were synthesized. Their structure was confirmed by data from the ¹H NMR spectra.     

Model compounds of caged capsaicin: design, synthesis, and photoreactivity

Molecules were prepared with substituted nitrobenzyl groups covalently bonded to N-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzyl)acetamide (2) by ether or carbonate linkages. These compounds decomposed under irradiation at 363 nm. Those with carbonate linkages decomposed at slower rates than those with ether linkages. Molecules with dimethoxy-substituted benzyl groups decomposed more slowly than monomethoxy-substituted benzyl groups due to the electronic characteristics of the benzylic carbon.     

Comparison of the isolation of adducts of 2'-deoxycytidine and 2'-deoxyguanosine with phenylglycidyl ether by high-performance liquid chromatography on a reversed-phase column and a polystyrene-divinylbenzene column

2'-Deoxycitidine (dCyd) and 2'-deoxyguanosine (dGuo) were subjected to reaction with phenylglycidyl ether (PGE) in methanol in order to study the formation of the corresponding 2'-deoxynucleoside adducts. Separation methods were developed on analytical and semi-preparative scales using high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection on a reversed-phase column and on a polystyrene-divinylbenzene column. The use of the latter column was prompted by decomposition of the preparatively isolated dGuo-PGE adducts on the reversed-phase column. The use of a polystyrene-divinylbenzene column solved this problem and also revealed the presence of one more peak in both the dCyd- and dGuo-PGE reaction mixtures. The adducts of dCyd and dGuo were isolated on preparative reversed-phase and polystyrene-divinylbenzene columns and characterized by UV, fast atom bombardment mass and 360 MHz 1H NMR spectrometry. The adducts of dCyd were the diastereomers of N-3-(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)-2'-deoxycytidine and N4-(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)-2'-deoxycytidine whereas those of dGuo were the two diastereomers of N-7-(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine and a third peak which appeared to be mainly N2-(2-hydroxy-3-phenoxypropyl)-2'-deoxyguanosine.     

新型嘧啶单环类非经典叶酸拮抗剂的合成及抗肿瘤活性研究

以课题组前期设计合成的非经典叶酸拮抗剂6-(4'-甲基苯乙基)-N5-氯乙酰基-2,4-二氨基哌啶并[3,2-d]嘧啶(wm-8.2)为先导化合物,将wm-8.2中的哌啶并嘧啶双环结构简化为嘧啶单环结构,以提高分子柔韧性并简化分子结构,根据6-位空间占位设计6-H和6-甲基两个系列,考察了不同桥链长度和不同芳香杂环侧链对抗肿瘤活性的影响.同时对具有叶酸抑制剂分子结构特征的关键中间体进行活性对比测定,研究了N(5)位氯乙酰基对活性的影响.两个系列目标化合物和关键中间体共36个化合物的结构均经1H NMR,13C NMR和MS确证.生物活性测定表明,6位为甲基的化合物中,具有三碳桥链及对甲基苯环侧链的6-甲基-2,4-二氨基-5-(N-(4-甲基苯基)丙基-N-(2-氯乙酰基))氨基嘧啶(6b-3)具有最好的HL-60、A549和HCT116细胞增殖抑制活性,IC50分别为0.25,0.83和0.63μmol?L^-1.化合物6b-3在N(5)位氯乙酰基取代之前的关键中间体6-甲基-2,4-二氨基-5-(N-(4-甲基苯基)丙基)氨基嘧啶(5b-3)具有最优的二氢叶酸还原酶抑制活性.总结了化合物的构效关系,并用计算机模拟进行了阐释.     

N-苄基酰胺类化合物的合成

分别以3-甲氧基苄胺, （S）-α-苯乙胺, （R）-α-苯乙胺或苄胺为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,甲苯为溶剂,分别与正戊酸、软脂酸、己二酸和对硝基苯甲酸经酰化反应合成了6个N-苄基酰胺类化合物,收率10.7%～22.3%,其中N-(3-甲氧基苄基)戊酰胺为新化合物,其结构经¹H NMR, IR和元素分析表征。     

姜黄素-N-取代吡唑类衍生物合成及抑菌活性

为了寻求杀菌剂的新的先导化合物,用姜黄素与取代酰肼反应得到13个新的姜黄素-N-取代吡唑类衍生物,其结构经IR,1H NMR,13C NMR,MS和元素分析所表征,初步抑菌实验结果表明,在1×10-4mol/L浓度下,所有衍生物与姜黄素对比,对枯草杆菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、大肠杆菌、青霉、黑霉有较好的抑菌效果.其中,3,5-二(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基乙烯基)-N-脒基吡唑(3c),3,5-二(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基乙烯基)-N-(苯并噻唑-2-硫基乙酰基)吡唑(3k),3,5-二(4-羟基-3-甲氧基苯基乙烯基)-N-(香豆素-3-甲酰基)吡唑(3m)有优异的抑菌效果(抑菌圈16.34～23.81 mm).这些结果表明含有噻唑环、脒基、香豆素环取代基可能有助于提高姜黄素-N-取代吡唑类衍生物的活性.     

Synthesis of novel pyrimidine derivatives with (pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio and phenylamino moieties and evaluation of their antifungal activity

A series of novel pyrimidine derivatives with (pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio and phenylamino moieties were synthesized from ethyl acetoacetate, thiourea, 3-pyridinylmethyl chloride hydrochloride, and substituted anilines by multi-step reactions. The structures of the target compounds were characterized by IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR and elemental analysis. The in vitro antifungal activities against Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum were evaluated. The result showed that N-phenyl-6-methyl-2- ((pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio) pyrimidin-4-amine (4a) displayed high inhibition activity against Botrytis cinerea with 87.5%inhibition at 100 µg/mL; 4a, and N-(4-isopropylphenyl)-6-methyl-2-((pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio)pyrimidin-4-amine (4c), N-(4-methoxyphenyl)-6-methyl-2-((pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio)pyrimidin-4-amine (4d) and N-(2-hydroxy-5-chloro)-6-methyl-2-((pyridin-3-ylmethyl)thio)pyrimidin- 4-amine (4h) exhibited sufficient activities against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum with 86.6% –93.7% inhibitions at the same concentration.