阳极溶出催化伏安法测定微量铂的研究

矿物中的铂含量很低,专著介绍了比较常用的分析方法。在电分析方法中,利用催化波测定铂可达很高的灵敏度。阳极溶出法也有较高的灵敏度,用阳极溶出催化伏安法测定微量铂尚未见报道。本文考察了阳极溶出催化伏安法测定铂的实验条件,测定了样品。表明该法可在普通极谱仪上进行,可用于地质样品中微量铂的测定,检测极限为2.5×10~(-10)M。     

线性扫描阳极溶出伏安法测定微量银

以玻碳电极为工作电极,建立了线性扫描阳极溶出伏安法测定微量银的分析方法。在0.1 mol.L-1HNO3-KNO3和0.04 g.L-1聚乙烯醇的底液中,于+0.33 V处有一灵敏的氧化峰,峰电流与银离子浓度在0.01~0.40 mg.L-1范围内有良好的线性关系,检出限为5.0μg.L-1,方法应用于电镀废液、铜精矿、废照相胶卷样品中微量银的测定。     

阳极溶出催化伏安法测定L—DOPA

我们用Nafion修饰电极阳极溶出伏安法测定抗癌药左旋多巴(L-DOPA)获得了满意的结果。本文报导由于Na_2SO_3对左旋多巴的催化氧化作用,可使测定灵敏度进一步提高,检测下限达5.0×10~(-8)mol/L。(一)测定步骤的确定     

阳极溶出伏安法测定血铅

本文采用一种金属交换剂(metexchange),使铅从红细胞中释放出来,再用阳极溶出伏安法进行测定。由于本法不用对血样进行消化处理,不仅加快了分析速度,而且避免了消化血样时可能带来的污染或损失。 1.仪器及测试条件: AD-1型极谱仪(江苏金坛分析仪器厂),XWT-206型台式记录仪(10mV),CSF-50型超声处理机,工作电极:银基汞膜电极,参比电极:Ag/AgCl电极,富集时间:1分钟,扫描电压:     

椭圆法用于阳极溶出伏安法测定微量银

用新物理量Ｖｏｐ的椭圆法对阳极溶出伏安法分析的含银离子浓度为１０＾５－１０＾－９ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的一系列溶液进行了研究。结果表明：光学方法与电化学方法所得分析结果相同；椭圆法可检测的浓度下限比电化学方法低一个数量级以上。而且测量的相对平均偏差也小于电化学方法。     

阳极溶出催化极谱法测定微量碲

使用经典极谱法测定碲的灵敏度往往不能令人满意,后来出现了溶出伏安法和极谱催化波都提高了灵敏度。至于把二者结合起来应用于碲的测定尚未见报导。本法是把碲电解富集在工作电极上,然后在选定的催化体系中溶出,使其产生溶出催化波,从而提高了灵敏度。     

钯的阳极溶出催化过程研究

文中确定了在氯化钠-盐酸-氯化汞-钯(Ⅱ)体系富集时形成了Hg₂Pd电活性互化物;验证了溶出催化波属于动力波性质,设计了平行于电极反应的化学反应模式,依此模型推导的近似的溶出催化电流i_scp表达式与实验结果一致。     

阳极溶出催化极谱法测定微量金的研究

使用阳极溶出催化极谱法测定某些元素已成为可能,但在测定金的方面尚未见报导。采用溶出催化极谱法通常可使峰电流提高数十倍到数百倍,因而能大大提高测定灵敏度。在普通极谱仪上测不出的溶出电流,经催化后,可以明显地观察到溶出催化电流。金的溶出催化原理是:三价金在一定条件下经阴极极化以元素态被电解沉积在玻璃碳电极表面上,之后在含有氯化亚锡的催化体系中进行阳极溶出,被电氧化下的金离子又很快被氯化亚锡还原成为元素态金,并在电极上再被电氧化,如此反复,使有限的金能循环使用,从而提高了峰电流(见图1)。     

水中痕量汞的半微分阳极溶出分析

本文提出了测定痕量汞的半微分阳极溶出伏安法。玻碳电极用2,2’-联吡啶乙醇溶液进行修饰后再电镀—层金膜。支持电解质为0.1mol/HCl,修饰电极的重现性和灵敏度优于未修饰电极。讨论了予电解电位、予电解时间、电极转速和支持电解质的影响。溶出峰高与汞浓度在0.2～60ng/ml范围内呈良好线性关系,检测下限为0.11ng/ml。本法已用于自来水、雨水和深井水中汞的测定,获得满意结果。     

吸附溶出催化伏安法测定痕量锗

利用吸附溶出伏安法、极谱催化法测定痕量锗已有报道。但将吸附溶出伏安法与极谱催化法结合进行测定,尚未见报道。我们选择适当的体系和配位体3,4-二羟基苯甲醛(DHB)及氧化剂钒(V),首先使Ge(Ⅳ)-DHB络合物在悬汞电极上于一定电位处吸附富集一定时间,然后电位向负的方向扫描。当达到Ge(Ⅳ)-DHB络合物的还原电位时,Ge(Ⅳ)还原     

Determination of Trace Tin by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry at a Carbon Paste Electrode

A sensitive and selective procedure for the determination of trace tin at a carbon paste electrode was described. Each measurement cycle consisted of three steps: accumulation, reduction and stripping. The tin complex with bromopyrogallol red (BPR) was accumulated on the electrode surface in 0.10 mol/L acetate buffer (pH 4.5). After electrochemical reduction of Sn(II) had been carried out, the reoxidation wave of Sn(0) appeared at ?0.69 V (vs. SCE) on scanning the potential in the positive direction in 4.0 mol/L HCl. For a preconcentration time of 2 min, the detection limit was 0.06 μg/L (5×10^?10 mol/L ) and the linear range was from 0.1 to 50 μg/L. The proposed method was applied to the determination of tin in canned food and waste water samples with satisfactory results.     

Determination of Trace Metoclopramide by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry with Nafion Modified Glassy Carbon Electrode

Metoclopramide[monohydrate of 4-amino-5-chloro-N-(2-diethylaminoethyl)-2-methoxybenzamide hydrochloride,MCP] is the active ingredient of many pharmaceutical preparations concermed with the modification of digestive behaviour. Studies describing the pharmacokinetics and disposition of MCP in humans indicated that the drug is rapidly and well absorbed following oral administration with peak time at about one hour. However,the bioavailability of MCP is very variable (32-97%) and this out of considerable inter-individual variation in metabolism. The difference in the bioavailability of oral MCP in different subjects has potential clinical importance since its antiemetic effect and central nervous system adverse effects correlate with the plasma concentrations. Therefore,the measurement of MCP plasma concentration is essential to optimize therapy and to avoid toxic concentrations.     

Nafion Coated Silver Amalgam Electrode for Determination of Trace Metals by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

This paper describes characterization and application of Nafion coated solid silver amalgam electrodes to prevent surface fouling of surfactants in determination of trace metals by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry (DPASV). Polymer films of different thickness were tested using Nafion solutions in the range 0.25%–1%. Optimum thickness was archived using a 0.5% Nafion solution, resulting in both increased response and stability over time compared to uncoated electrodes. The influence of model surface active macromolecules was studied using triton X‐100, sodium dodecyl sulfate, dodecyl pyridinium chloride and bovine serum albumin as representatives for surfactants. The resistance to surfactants makes the studied Nafion coated solid silver amalgam electrodes an interesting alternative for practical use in environmental monitoring.     

Nafion修饰电极同位镀金膜阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量砷

金膜电极阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量砷已有报道,但铜、锑、铋存在严重干扰。本文采用Nafion修饰电极同位镀金膜阳极溶出伏安法测定痕量砷,大大提高了其选择性,铜、锑、铋分别为砷含量的6倍,3倍和6.5倍以下时,不干扰测定;测定灵敏度也较同位镀金膜电极时高。本法应用于标钢和黄河底泥中砷含量的测定,均获得满意结果。     

Determination of Cu in Tequila by Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

Abstract

Concentrations of metals such as copper in alcoholic beverages must be strictly regulated due to negative effects ranging from beverage spoilage and hazing, to sensorial and health consequences. In this paper, a voltammetric alternative is presented for the analysis of copper in tequila, a Mexican spirituous alcoholic beverage. Anodic Stripping Voltammetry is applied and the standard addition method is used to quantify copper in this beverage at concentrations commonly present in tequila (<10 ppm) without sample pretreatment. Copper can be reduced and then oxidized quantitatively and reproducibly. A comparison of Anodic Stripping Voltammetry with Atomic Absorption Spectrometry is presented.     

微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法测定碘离子

基于I-能被氧化生成IO₃^-的特性,以铂球电极为工作电极,研究了微分脉冲阳极溶出伏安法(DPAS)测定碘离子.由于产物IO₃^-在电极上有吸附,因而在+1.3V电清洗120s.在pH=4的0.1mol/LKH₂PO₄-K₂HPO₄缓冲溶液底液中,能检测出5.00×10^-7mol/L的I-,在5.00×10^-71.50×10^-5mol/L范围内I^-的浓度与峰电流有良好的线性关系.该方法用于海带、食用碘盐中碘的测定,取得了较好的结果.     

Double Deposition and Stripping Steps for Trace Determination of Au(III) Using Anodic Stripping Voltammetry

A new way of decreasing the detection limit ‐ double deposition and stripping steps was proposed to determine trace amounts of gold(III) by anodic stripping voltammetry. Two carbon composite electrodes that differed drastically in their surface areas were used for the measurements. The calibration graph was linear from 1×10^?9 to 1×10^?8 mol L^?1 following deposition time of 300 s at the first and the second electrode. The detection limit was found to be 2.3×10^?10 and 1.4×10^?11 mol L^?1 for deposition time 600 and 2400 s, respectively. It is the lowest detection limit obtained so far for gold(III) determination in stripping voltammetry.