类锂钙和钾离子X射线激光的实验研究

探索进入“水窗”波段以寻求X射线激光在近期的科学技术应用,是当前实验室X射光线激研究的一个重要目标.采用复合泵浦方案,我们曾用较低的驱动激光功率首次实现了类锂硅离子5f—3d(8.884nm),5d—3p(8.728nm)跃迁软X射线激光,并第一次发现了类锂硅离子的6f—3d(7.583nm)和6d—3p(7.464nm)新的X射线激光跃迁.最近,我们进一步完成了线聚焦激光辐照CaF_2和KCl平板靶的实验,探索了沿类锂离子等电子数序,将软X射线激光推进至更短波长的现实可能性,实现了类锂钙和类锂钾4f—3d跃迁的软X射线激光,波长分别为5.77nm和6.47nm,增益系数分别达到4.3cm~(-1)和1.6cm~(-1).同时也观察到了类氢氟Hα(8.09 nm)的增益,增益系数为1.4cm~(-1).实验结果进一步显示了复合泵浦类锂离子方案在实现更短波长X射线激光方面的潜力.     

类锂硅离子能级结构及软X射线激光光谱理论计算

本文采用Hartree-Fock自洽场方法,从理论上计算出类锂硅离子1s~2nl(n=2～7,l=0～5)各能级能量,并给出在极紫外(波长小于400(?))范围内各跃迁谱线的光谱性质、波长、振子强度和跃迁几率.对实验中已实现软X射线激光的跃迁(5d-3p,5f-3d,6d-3p,6f-3d),计算所得的跃迁波长与实验值完全相符.与现有文献的波长比较,相对误差不超过1%.     

类锂铝离子能级结构及光谱线性质的理论计算

用Ｈａｒｔｒｃｅ－Ｆｏｃｋ－Ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｉｓｔｉｃ（ＨＦＲ）自洽场方法,计算类锂铝离子１ｓ＾２ｎｌ（ｎ＝２～７,ｌ＝０～５）,１ｓｎｌｎ’ｌ’（ｎ,ｎ’＝２～３,ｌ,ｌ’＝０～２）各能级值,电偶极跃迁谱线的光谱线性质（波长、振子强度和跃迁几率）,其波长计算值和现有文献结果符合得较好。特别是实验中已观察到的软Ｘ射线激光跃迁（３ｄ－４ｆ,３ｄ－５ｆ）的波长值与我们的计算值符合得也很好。     

高Z元素类镍离子谱研究

用ＰＥＴ平晶谱仪测量了Ｈｆ,Ｔａ，Ｗ和Ｒｅ激光等离子体发射波长范围为５－８?的软Ｘ射线谱，重点研究了其类镍离子谱线，精确测量和准确辨认出四种高Ｚ元素的３７条ｎ＝３－４的类镍离子共振跃迁线和内壳层跃迁线。整个测量范围内谱线精确波长值的绝对误差小于０．００５?．与ＭＣＤＦ方法和ＨＦＲ方法得到的理论计算结果比较，两者符合相当好。 关键词：     

类锂硅离子软X射线激光的空间特性

本文报道类锂硅离子软X射线激光的空间分布特性,研究表明软X射线激光的最佳增益在离靶面约300μm的中等等离子体密度区,而临近靶面的高密度区增益则较小.     

激光等离子体软X射线源靶材的选择及特性

 给出了用于软X射线投影光刻的激光等离子体源靶材的选择依据。计算了类锂氧离子的辐射跃迁波长和相应的跃迁速率值。并通过与常规金属靶的比较, 给出了实验靶的一些特性。     

镁铝类氢类氦类锂离子双电子复合速率研究

 镁铝类氢类氦类锂离子经中间双激发态进行的双电子复合过程在用双示踪元素谱线强度比研究ICF电子温度中占有很重要的地位。计算了双电子复合经不同Rydberg态跃迁通道的复合速率系数，并给出不同离化度的总的双电子复合速率系数的变化规律，比较了它们在不同电子温度和不同跃迁通道的异同，对研究X射线激光、等离子体温度诊断等诸多应用领域提供了有价值的原子数据。     

高增益的类Ne锗软X光激光实验

采用新颖的“双靶对接”设计,利用强度约12×10^(13)W/cm^2,波长1.05μm,脉宽约1ns的两路激光线聚焦辐照平面厚锗双靶,观察到了波长为19.6、23.2、23.6、24.7和28.6nm的五根类Ne锗3p-3s跃迁谱线的放大。波长为23.2和23.6nm的谱线,增益-长度乘积GL的值约13。利用软X光扫描相机观测了四根软X光谱线的时间特性。     

我国X射线激光研究突破性进展波长短于100激光增益实验成功

1989年8月至11月,中国科学院上海光机所激光等离子体物理研究室在高功率激光物理开放实验室的大力协同下,利用LF12激光装置在低功率运行条件下成功地进行了类锂离子复合泵浦软X射线激光增益实验,实现了波长短于100(?)的类锂Si~(11+)离子的软X射线激光放大.这是迄今国内实验室获得的最短X射线激光波长,显示我国的X射线激光研究朝着具有重要应用意义的“水窗”波长(23～44(?))推进了     

L壳层Al激光等离子体X射线光谱的实验测量和理论计算

 在星光Ⅱ激光装置上开展了三倍频激光与铝平面靶相互作用实验,采用平场光栅谱仪获得了铝等离子3～6 nm范围的X射线发射谱。基于准相对多组态理论,考虑组态相互作用和Breit修正,采用Cowan程序计算了铝的L壳层跃迁波长和跃迁几率,辨识了实验测量得到的铝类Li到类B的22条跃迁谱线。研究表明：识别的谱线都是L壳层的2s,2p电子跃迁到了3p,3d等, 甚至更高的壳层,其测量得到跃迁的波长与理论值最大偏差只有0.06 nm。计算得到的振子强度与其它理论结果吻合很好。     

Transition probabilities of neon atom in a constant electric field

The probability of 5s-3d, 5s-3p, 5p-3s, 5d-3s, 4d-3p, and 4f-3p transitions of Ne I in an electric field is calculated. It is shown that the probability of the permitted transitions 5s-3p and 5p-3s is unchanged with increase in the field from 0 to 50 kV/cm, while the probability of the forbidden transitions 5s-3d and 5d-3s is very small. In the given range of field strengths, the probability of permitted 4d-3p transitions markedly falls and intense forbidden 4f-3p transitions appear. Of the configurations considered, the electric field has most effect on those with2.Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Fizika, No. 3, pp. 67–70, March, 1979.     

Sc^18＋和Ti^19＋的辐射跃迁几率

计算表明,Sc~(18+)和Ti~(19+)的5f—3d和5d—3p跃迁波长处于水窗当中.进而,详尽地计算了这两个元素类锂离子的精细能级(n≤12,l≤5)及它们间的辐射跃迁几率.     

铜到钼的类钠离子能级结构及软X射线光谱理论计算

本文采用Hartree-Fock自洽场方法,从理论上计算了铜到钼的类钠离子1s~22s~22p~6nl(n=3～6,l=O～5)各能级能量。给出了有可能实现软X射线激光的跃迁(5g—4f,5f—4d,6g—4f,6f—4d)的光谱性质:跃迁波长、振子强度,并和实验值进行了比较,跃迁波长的相对误差不超过千分之二。从计算结果可知,Se的6f—4d跃迁,Br的6g—4f跃迁,Zr的5f—4l跃迁,Nb的5g—4f跃迁都已进入水窗波段。     

共振光泵X射线激光的抽运谱线和吸收谱线波长匹配实验

用octadecyl hydrogen maleate(OHM)晶体谱仪进行了4.5nm附近如下三组共振光泵X射线激光的抽运谱线和吸收谱线对波长匹配实验研究:SiXⅡ3d—2p,4.4021nm,MgX2s—4p,4.4050nm;CuXIX4f—3d,4.7329nm,MgX2p—4d,4.7310nm;和AIXI3p—2s,4.8338nm,MgIX2s²—2s4p,4.8340nm.其中第二组线对据我们所知尚未见报道.比较并讨论了这三组线对的优缺点. 关键词：     

KrVI离子能级和振子强度的理论计算

利用组态相互作用理论和参数外推法,计算了KrVI离子4s~24p—4s4p~2、4s~24p—4s~24d和4s4p~2—4p~3跃迁的能级、谱线波长和振子强度。与已有实验结果比较表明:波长的理论计算值与观测值在0.7A内很好符合,振子强度的理论计算值较大的跃迁均是实验中观测到的跃迁。     

Study of the d-f Emission,and f-d Ground-State and Excited-State Absorption of Nd3+ in Crystals Using the Simple Model

The simplified model for 4f-5d transitions is applied to obtain the line strengths for emission, ground-state absorption and excited states absorption involving 4f-5d transitions of Nd³⁺ in crystals. The results are host independent for the usual case where 5d crystal-field interaction can be considered as strong, in the sense that the calculated 5d-4f emission relative line strengths will be the same for Nd³⁺ in any host. Also the calculated 4f-5d absorption line strengths can be grouped by the 5d crystal-field components. For each 5d crystal-field component, the group of absorption line strengths for different 4f²5d transition final states forms a pattern independent of the 5d crystal-field component and the host. For practical cases, due to strong but still limited 5d crystal-field splitting, the transitions to different 5d crystal-field components may overlap each other. The theoretical results are used to interpret available experimental data.     

New study on the XeVIII spectrum

Capillary light sources were used to observe the spectrum of seven-times-ionized xenon, XeVIII, in the 300-6000 Å wavelength range. Twenty-eight energy levels belonging to the 5s-9s, 5d-9d, 5g-9g, 7i-10i, 9l, 5p-9p, 4f-9f, 6h-9h and 8k-10k configurations were adjusted and 38 new spectral lines were classified. The XeVIII ionization energy was determined with improved accuracy using the polarization model. The analysis was supported by Hartree-Fock calculations. The weighted oscillator strengths for all the observed spectral lines were also calculated considering the fitted values for the energy parameters.     

钡钇氟化物中Eu2+离子的激发光谱和发射光谱

在298和77K下分别研究BaYF5(BaF2·YF3)中Eu2+的激发和发射光谱。Eu2+的发射光谱中,除了一个属5d-4f跃迁的宽发射带外,还有一组6PJ→8S7/2的4f-4f跃迁窄谱线发射。它们的发射强度与Eu2+的浓度和温度有关。由於Eu2+从4f7基态跃迁到4f65d1态产生两个宽的激发带,4f65d(eg)和4f65d(t2g)。实验证实,Eu2+的6PJ→8S7/2的窄谱线发射主要来自高能级的t2g激发能弛豫的结果。     

Intensity and bandwidth of multiphonon vibronic transitions of rare-earth ions in crystals

The theory of multiphonon vibronic coupling to electronic transitions is applied in analysing fluorescence spectra of Eu²⁺ in BaFCI, which consist of the 4f⁷(⁶P_7/2,) → 4f⁷(⁸S_7/2) and 4f⁶5d → 4f⁷ transitions, and the 4f⁷-4f⁶5d excitation spectrum of Ce³⁺ in YPO⁴. The 4f electrons are weakly coupled to lattice vibration modes so that only weak one- and two-phonon sidebands are observable in the 4f-4f optical transitions, whereas the electron-phonon coupling is significantly stronger for a 5d electron. Accordingly, intensive multiphonon vibronic transitions overwhelmingly dominate the 4f⁶5d → 4f⁷ spectrum. It is shown that the extended Judd-Ofelt theory for weak vibronic coupling in the framework of the M-process is equivalent to the Huang-Rhys theory for the δ-process. In the analysis of experimental data, contributions from local ligand modes and lattice acoustic modes are separated, and the coupling strength is evaluated, in terms of the Huang-Rhys parameter S, for the 4f-4f and 5d-4f vibronic transitions.