氨基黑10B褪色光度法测定两种阳离子表面活性剂及其作用机理

在弱酸性的乙酸盐介质中,阳离子表面活性剂(CS)与氨基黑10B(AB)染料反应,形成离子缔合物,溶液颜色发生明显褪色,最大吸收在616 nm,CS的浓度在0~2.17×10-5mol.L-1(CPB)、0~2.09×10-5mol.L-1(CTMAB)范围内遵守比耳定律,表观摩尔吸光系数为2.16×104L.mol-1.cm-1(CPB)、1.93×104L.mol-1.cm-1)(CTMAB),检出限为7.64×10-7mol.L-1(CPB)、1.31×10-6mol.L-1(CTMAB)。用于水样中CS的测定,还用密度泛函理论对反应机理进行了探讨,结果与试验事实相符合。     

阻抑速差催化光度法测定磺胺类药物

研究了磺胺嘧啶(SD),磺胺二甲嘧啶(SM2),抑制了碘催化As(Ⅲ)-Ce4+反应速率的条件,建立了阻抑速差光度法测定磺胺类药物的新方法。结果表明,在含0.01 mg/L I-,0.225 mol/L H2SO4,0.5 g/L NaCl,0.00125 mol/L As2O3和0.001 mol/L Ce4+溶液中测定SD和SM2的线性范围分别为2.25~3.75和2.0~3.5 mg/L;检出限为2.1×10-4和2.7×10-4g/L;表观摩尔吸光系数(L.mol-1.cm-1)为3.44×104和2.76×104。已用本法测定SD和SM2针剂和SM2片剂。     

尿素刀豆生物传感器的研制

本文报告了尿素刀豆生物传感器的制备和性能。斜率46.0—49.7mv.dec~(-1)、线性范围2×10~(-4)—5×10~(-3)mol.L~(-1),检测下限2.5×10~(-5)mol.L~(-1)。该传感器用于血液中尿氮含量的测定,此测定结果与分光光度法测定结果无明显差异。     

硅钼杂多酸示波极谱法测定抗坏血酸

本文研究了硅钼杂多酸与抗坏血酸的反应,发现其产物在示波极谱上于～1.12V(vs.SCE)产生灵敏吸附波,导数波高与抗坏血酸浓度在1×10~(-7)mol/L～4×10~(-5)mol/L有线性关系。检测限为5×10~(-8)mol/L。本法应用于针剂,片剂及柑桔中抗坏血酸的测定,得到满意结果。     

酶催化氧化苯酚与4-AAP偶合反应的研究

研究了辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)/H2O2体系中苯酚与4-氨基安替比林(4-AAP)的偶合反应。在pH 8.0的条件下,产物在494.0 nm处有最大吸收,线性范围为(4.3×10-6~2.6×10-4)mol/L(R2=0.9993),检出限为4.75×10-7mol/L,相对标准偏差为3.7%(n=9)。动力学方面,用孤立法研究了各反应物对反应速率的影响,得到4-AAP、H2O2和phenol的反应级数分别为0、1.3和0.7,据此建立了反应速率方程式,求得活化能为42.09 kJ/mol,并推测出反应的可能机理。     

赖氨酸与邻氯苯甲醛的衍生化反应及其示波极谱法测定

本文研究了赖氨酸与邻氯苯甲醛的衍生化反应,发现所生成的席夫键产物,在约0.30mol/L的磷酸盐缓冲溶液中(pH11.0),于峰电位-1.12V处,在滴汞电极上产生灵敏吸附还原波。导数波高与赖氨酸浓度在1×10~(-7)mol/L～5×10~(-4)mol/L内有线性关系,检测限为3×10~(-8)mol/L。该方法应用于食品中赖氨酸含量测定,得到满意结果。     

微分脉冲阴极吸附溶出伏安法测定利多卡因

用微分脉冲阴极吸附溶出伏安法测定了利多卡因针剂的含量。浓度与波高的线性范围为1×10~(-7)～3×10~(-4)mol/dm~3。最低检测限l×10~(-8)mol/dm~3。回收率98.07±0.05%。     

悬汞电极1.5次微分吸附溶出法测定痕量雌激素

雌激素与亚硝酸钠在一定条件下反应,其硝基衍生物具有良好的电活性,能在汞电极上吸附还原.在0.01 mol/L的硼砂介质中,还原电流大小与雌激素的浓度在1×10~(-6)～1×10~(-9)mol/L范围内有较好的线性关系.用1.5次微分溶出法可测定2×10~(-10)mol/L的雌激素.此法已应用于孕妇尿中雌三醇的测定,结果良好.     

吸附在银溶胶表面的2种卟啉化合物的荧光分析

研究了银溶胶对2种卟啉化合物——5,10,15,20-四对羟基苯基卟啉(简称T(4-HP)P)和5-羟基苯基-10,15,20-三苯基卟啉(HPTPP)的荧光猝灭行为,在5.0×10~6mol/L的T(4-HP)P,HPTPP溶液中分别加入1.5×10~(-4)mol/L的银胶后,两者的荧光猝灭效率都达90%以上,通过荧光猝灭曲线求得这2种卟啉与银胶之间表观作用常数分别为3.16×10~4(mol/L)~(-1),2.79×10~4(mol/L)~(-1),文中还讨论了银胶对T(4-HP)P,HPTPP荧光猝灭过程的动力学及2种卟啉分子与银胶之间的作用机理.     

锡-芦丁极谱络合吸附波的研究

在pH3.9的HCOOH～HCOONa缓冲溶液中,用单扫示波极谱法可获得灵敏的Sn(Ⅳ)-芦丁(Rt)络合吸附波.在1.0×10~mol/L～6.0×10~mol/L范围内锡浓度与波高呈正比关系,检测下限可达6.0×10~(-9)mol/L.应用该法测定了罐头菠萝汁中的锡.测得电活性络合物的组成为Sn(Ⅳ):Rt=1∶1,条件稳定常数为2.7×10~4。对p_1波测得电极反应的表面电极反应速率常数(k_)_1=95s~(-1)。对P_2波测得电子转移系数α=0.60,表面电极反应速率常数(K_)_2=3.8s~(-1).     

二氧化碳和丙烯直接合成甲基丙烯酸的NiPMo/TiO2催化剂的研究

用溶胶-凝胶法以磷钼酸(MPA)的镍盐溶液水解钛酸四丁酯制备了NiPMo/TiO2催化剂.使用ICP、 XRD、 TG-DTA、 IR、 TPD-MS和微反应技术研究了催化剂的化学组成、热稳定性、化学吸附性质和催化反应性能.杂多钼酸盐与TiO2通过O2-在TiO2表面发生了键合.在623 K下,杂多阴离子仍保持原有的Keggin结构.CO2在Lewis酸位Ni(Ⅱ)和Lewis碱位Ni-O-Mo的桥氧协同作用下生成CO2卧式吸附态Ni(Ⅱ)←O-(CO)←(O--Ni).丙烯有多种吸附态在催化剂上吸附.在563 K、 1 MPa和空速1500 h-1的反应条件下,丙烯的摩尔转化率为3.2%,产物MAA选择性为95%.     

Toward new camptothecins. Part 6: Synthesis of crucial ketones and their use in Friedländer reaction

In the context of the preparation of camptothecin and luotonin A analogs, the synthesis of some key keto-precursors and their use in Friedländer condensation are described. This paper also focuses on the stability of these keto intermediates and emphasizes the major differences between indolizinones and pyrroloquinazolinones series. Noteworthy is also the report of some original structures isolated as by-products of some experiments.     

CoFe2O4自形成磁性液体场致结构化对磁化的影响

The Langevin paramagnetic theory can’t describe the relation between magnetization of ferrofluids and applied magnetic field. The structuralization of ferrofluids, which is considered the main influence factor of the magnetization, is regarded. The part of magnetization works is deposited when the structure is forming. This action influences the magnetization of ferrofluids directly or indirectly. On the base of the “compressing” model, the Langevin function that usually describes the magnetization of ferrofluid is modified, and a well-fitted curve is obtained. An equation of the relation between the equivalent volume fraction after being “compressed” and the intensity of magnetic field is discovered, which approximately describes the process of magnetization. The relation between the approximate initial susceptibility and the volume fraction can be obtained from modified formula.     

Highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of 2,4-dichloropyridine enabling a novel approach to 2,4-bisanilinopyridine (BAPyd) libraries

The highly regioselective Buchwald–Hartwig amination at C-2 of the cheap and readily accessible reagent, 2,4-dichloropyridine with a range of anilines and heterocyclic amines is described. This new methodology is robust and provides a facile access to 4-chloro-N-phenylpyridin-2-amines on 0.25 mol scale. These intermediates undergo a further Buchwald–Hartwig amination at higher temperature to enable rapid exploration of the chemical space at C-4 and to provide a library of 2,4-bisaminopyridines.     

KMnO4-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines: Synthesis of amides and sulfonamides

KMnO₄-mediated oxidative CN bond cleavage of tertiary amines producing secondary amine was introduced, which was trapped by electrophiles (acyl chloride and sulfonyl chloride) to form amides and sulfonamides. The reaction could take place at mild condition, tolerating a wide range of function groups and affording products in moderate to excellent yields.     

Chemistry of heterocyclic compounds at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, over 50 years (Review)

The review contains a concise historical account and information on the most significant researches undertaken by the staff at the A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences on the Chemistry of Heterocyclic Compounds. Dedicated to Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences B. A. Trofimov on his 70th jubilee. Translated from Khimiya Geterotsiklicheskikh Soedinenii, No. 10, pp. 1443–1502, October, 2008.     

Sulfur-directed metal-free and regiospecific methyl C(sp3)–H imidation of thioanisoles

Regiospecific and direct imidation of the methyl C(sp³)–H bond of thioanisoles is realized under mild and metal-free conditions with N-fluorobis(benzenesulfonyl)imide as an oxidant and nitrogen source. Proposed mechanism suggests that thionium ion intermediates and a Pummerer-type reaction are involved. The imidation has advantages such as high step-economy, excellent functionality tolerance, and regiospecificity, giving structurally diverse imidation products.     

Selective syntheses of 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones via temperature-dependent Rh(II)-carbenoid-mediated 2H-azirine-ring expansion

The Rh(II)-catalyzed reaction of 2-carbonyl-substituted 2H-azirines with ethyl 2-cyano-2-diazoacetate or 2-diazo-3,3,3-trifluoropropionate provides an easy access to 2H-1,3-oxazines and 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-ones. These compounds can be selectively prepared from the same starting material using temperature as the only varied parameter. The 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, a common precursor for both heterocyclic products, isomerizes into 2H-1,3-oxazine under kinetic control, while 1H-pyrrol-3(2H)-one is the sole product of the reaction at elevated temperatures. According to DFT-calculations a one-atom oxazine ring contraction involving ring-opening to a 2-azabuta-1,3-diene intermediate, followed by a 1,5- and 1,2-prototropic shift leads to the consecutive formation of imidoylketene and azomethine ylide, which then further undergo cyclization to the pyrrole derivative.     

Synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives

Different approaches for the synthesis of 1-benzyloxypyrazin-2(1H)-one derivatives from simple amino acids have been investigated. A library of 33 precursors for the preparation of N-hydroxy pyrazinones was obtained in moderate to good yields.