梯度磁场中静电波引起的粒子随机运动

本文讨论了一般非均匀梯度磁场下任意方向传播的静电波引起粒子随机运动的非线性效应。用正则久期扰动理论给出包含粒子周期运动和波振荡之间非线性共振的哈密顿量。根据Chirikov岛重叠条件给出一般梯度磁场下粒子进入随机态的临界波幅值。分析表明,相对均匀磁场,在弱非均匀情形下,该临界值降低,意味着粒子更易进入随机态。 关键词：     

氘核削裂反应理论研究及其进展

氘核削裂反应作为单核子转移反应的一种,在原子核的单粒子结构研究中一直起着重要的作用.同时,作为典型的三体核反应,它也是直接核反应理论研究的一个重要研究对象.本文简述了氘核削裂反应的研究历史,侧重介绍其反应理论的演进,以及平面波玻恩近似(Plane Wave Born Approximation,PWBA)、扭曲波玻恩近...     

Evolution of Crack Tip Constraint in a Mode II Elastic-Plastic Crack Problem

Numerous studies have shown that crack tip constraint has an important effect on the level of conservatism when crack extension is investigated in elastic-plastic fracture mechanics. Constraint effect has been explored extensively in the past but mainly for pure mode I problems. Very few researchers have dealt with the effects of crack tip constraint on mode II or mixed mode I/II fracture in metallic materials. In this paper, the evolution of mode II constraint parameter Q in terms of applied external load is determined numerically for a test specimen under pure mode II loading. The finite element method is utilized to model the specimen and to study the range of validity of mode II constraint parameter determined from a Q—T diagram. The parameter Q calculated from the finite element simulation (or from the full field solution) is compared with the values of Q determined from the Q—T diagram. For low levels of load, the results of full field solution are shown to be consistent well with the results obtained from the Q—T diagram. However, when the external load increases significantly, the results of Q—T diagram are no longer accurate and mode II constraint parameter Q should be calculated directly from finite element results.     

Evolution of the Structure and Carbon Atom Transfer in the Zone of Fatigue Crack Growth in Ferrite-Pearlite Steel

Structure and phase transformations in Fe–0.6C–1Mn–2Si steel subjected to multicyclic fatigue tests under normal conditions and with intermediate electrostimulation are investigated by the methods of metallography of etched microsections and scanning and transmission electron diffraction microscopy of thin foils and carbon replicas. It is demonstrated that fatigue failure under normal loading is preceded by complete dissolution of initial cementite particles with carbon localized on structural defects (dislocations, subboundaries, and boundaries), micropores, and microcracks. Electrostimulation, promoting the relaxation of stress concentrators through dissolution of particles localized on the grain boundaries and the state change of the interphase boundaries between the matrix and second-phase particle, causes the mean and maximum subcritical crack length to increase together with the thickness of the sample layer involved in the strain of the material and the zone of fatigue crack growth. This is accompanied by a significant increase in the operating lifetime of the material.     

Asymptotic Behavior of the Order Parameter in a Stochastic Sandpile

We derive the first four terms in a series for the order paramater (the stationary activity density ) in the supercritical regime of a one-dimensional stochastic sandpile; in the two-dimensional case the first three terms are reported. This is done by reorganizing the pertubation theory derived using a path-integral formalism [Dickman and Vidigal, J. Phys. A 35, 7269 (2002)], to obtain an expansion for stationary properties. Since the process has a strictly conserved particle density p, the Fourier mode N^-1 _k=0 p, when N , and so is not a random variable. Isolating this mode, we obtain a new effective action leading to an expansion for in the parameter 1/(1+4p). This requires enumeration and numerical evaluation of more than 200,000 diagrams, for which task we develop a computational algorithm. Predictions derived from this series are in good accord with simulation results. We also discuss the nature of correlation functions and one-site reduced distributions in the small- (high-density) limit.     

被驱动的V型三能级原子在压缩真空中的稳态行为

研究了相干驱动的Ｖ型三能级在原子在压缩真空入射的劣质腔中的稳态行为,分析了原子的稳态粒子布居数与库场平均光予数、压缩关联强度和相位及相干激光场的强度的关系。对相干捕获现象的发生作了讨论。     

Hopf Bifurcation in a New Four-Dimensional Hyperchaotic System

In this paper, the Hopf bifurcation in a new hyperchaotic system is studied. Based on the first Lyapunov coefficient theory and symbolic computation, the conditions of supercritical and subcritical bifurcation in the new hyperchaotic system are obtained. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate some main results.     

Hopf Bifurcation in a New Four-Dimensional Hyperchaotic System

In this paper, the Hopf bifurcation in a new hyperchaotic system is studied. Based on the first Lya-punov coefficient theory and symbolic computation, the conditions of supercritical and subcritical bifurcation in the new hyperchaotic system are obtained. Numerical simulations are used to illustrate some main results.     

K模辅射场与二能级原子作用系统中场熵的演化

利用时间演化算符方法研究了K模相干光场与二能级原子相互作用系统中系统态矢的演化.利用数值计算方法研究了三模相干光场与二能级原子相互作用系统中场熵的演化,讨论了初始光场强度对场熵演化的影响.结果表明:当初始光场较强时,场熵随时间的演化呈现出规则的振荡,光场与原子之间的相互作用主要表现为双光子跃迁过程.     

Crack Initiation at V-Notch Tip under In-Plane Mixed Mode Loading: A Review of the Fictitious Notch Rounding Concept

The fictitious notch rounding concept has been recently applied for the first time to V-notches with root hole subjected to in-plane mixed mode loading. Out-of-bisector crack propagation is taken into account. The fictitious notch radius is determined as a function of the real notch radius (the microstructural support length) and the notch opening angle. Due to the complexity of the problem, a method based on the simple normal stress failure criterion has been used. It is combined with the maximum tangential stress criterion to determine the crack propagation angle. An analytical method based on Neuber’s procedure has been developed. The method provides the values of the microstructural support factor as a function of the mode ratio and the notch opening angle. The support factor is considered to be independent of the microstructural support length. Finally, for comparison, the support factor is determined on a purely numerical basis by iterative analysis of finite element models. The present paper is aimed to give a brief overview of the recent findings on this challenging topic making clear the state of the art.     

Stochastic Behavior of Particles in a Circularly Polarized Standing Wave

The particle motion in a standing left circularly polarized wave is studied. For wave frequency lower than the ion cyclotron frequency ?ci, the slow varying trajectory is given by the ponderomotive force FNL=q2?|E|2/[m?(?-?ci)]. However, for ? close to ?ci, stochastic trajectories occur. These stochastic trajectories are due to the overlapping of closed orbits due to each of the propagating waves which form the standing wave.     

The Stochastic Limit for the Hydrogen Atom in Interaction with the EM Field

In the stochastic limit the resonances play a fundamental role because they determine the generalized susceptivities which are the building blocks of all the physical information which survives in this limit. There are two sources of possible divergences, one related to the singularities of the form factor, another to the chaoticity of the spectrum. The situation will be illustrated starting from the example of the discrete part of the hydrogen atom in interaction with the electromagnetic field.