负损耗因子的成因分析

本文根据双耦合系统的经典统计能量平衡方程分析了利用该方程进行SEA参数测量中产生负损耗因子的可能性;通过对双非保守耦合线性振子的振动分析,从理论上分析了负损耗因子形成的条件。结果证明:非保守强耦合是产生负损耗因子的必要条件;而测量频率带宽内不同时包含两振子的固有频率或两振子的参数存在较大差异是产生负损耗因子的充分条件。负损耗因子的绝对值随耦合参数的增大而增大。     

Approximation errors for the measurement of coupling loss factors using the ELD method

In this paper the formulae are developed to predict the approximation error resulted from the use of the energy level difference (ELD) method. The predicted approximation error can then be used to assess the feasibility of the application of the ELD method. The effects of different parameters on the approximation error are analysed and discussed. Two practical applications are presented. Both numerical and experimental results showed that the ELD method could give identical results (from experimental point of view) as other existing methods as long as α_i and β_i are small.     

Backward-wave regime and negative refraction in chiral composites

Possibilities to realize a negative refraction in chiral composites in dual-phase mixtures of chiral and dipole particles are studied. It is shown that because of a strong resonant interaction between chiral particles (helices) and dipoles, there is a stop band in the frequency area where the backward-wave regime is expected. The negative refraction can occur near the resonant frequency of chiral particles. Resonant chiral composites may offer a root to realization of negative-refraction effect and superlenses in the optical region.     

Corrected Statistical Energy Analysis Model in a Non-Reverberant Acoustic Space

Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) is a well-known method to analyze the flow of acoustic and vibration energy in a complex structure. This study investigates the application of the corrected SEA model in a non-reverberant acoustic space where the direct field component from the sound source dominates the total sound field rather than a diffuse field in a reverberant space which the classical SEA model assumption is based on. A corrected SEA model is proposed where the direct field component in the energy is removed and the power injected in the subsystem considers only the remaining power after the loss at first reflection. Measurement was conducted in a box divided into two rooms separated by a partition with an opening where the condition of reverberant and non-reverberant can conveniently be controlled. In the case of a non-reverberant space where acoustic material was installed inside the wall of the experimental box, the signals are corrected by eliminating the direct field component in the measured impulse response. Using the corrected SEA model, comparison of the coupling loss factor (CLF) and damping loss factor (DLF) with the theory shows good agreement.     

Ion pair formation in the vacuum ultraviolet region of NO studied by negative ion imaging spectroscopy

The pair formation of positive and negative fragment ions has been studied in the vacuum ultraviolet region of NO, with negative ion imaging spectroscopy. The negative ion yield curve obtained in the photon energy region of 19–25 eV exhibits many structures which are absent from the photoabsorption spectrum in the same region. The partial yields and asymmetry parameters associated with the dissociations into individual ion pair limits have been extracted from the negative ion images observed. On the basis of these quantities, the assignments for the structures exhibited on the negative ion yield curve are given and the dynamical properties on the ion pair dissociation are discussed.     

Impossibility of negative group velocities in a periodic layer structure with or without loss

The limiting group velocities available with a one-dimensional periodic medium composed of 1/4 wavelength sections are studied. For all realistic combination of medium parameters, it is found that there are superior and inferior limits to the group velocity. We use numerical analysis to investigate the effect of the refractive index mismatch, the phase velocities and the attenuation coefficient on the limits of group velocity. We show that negative group velocities are not possible in a linear passive periodic medium, and discuss why a recent report of negative tunnelling times in a passive periodic system may be explained in terms of the relatively large experimental uncertainty in determining the tunnelling times.     

手性负折射率材料的最新进展

阐述了手性负折射率现象的产生机制;总结了近几年国内外手性负折射率材料在仿真模拟和实验制备方面的研究进展;分析了手性负折射率材料的旋光性、手性参数、损耗等;介绍了手性负折射率材料在各个领域的应用。分析认为,探索手性负折射率材料的新机制、新方法和新材料,从而在可见光波段实现负折射率是未来手性负折射率材料的重要发展方向之一。     

亚纳秒脉冲传输线损耗分析

脉冲传输线的介质材料选择和参数设计对传输线的损耗具有至关重要的影响,根据分布参数理论和电磁场微波理论,给出环氧玻璃纤维FR-4和聚四氟乙烯F4B两种材料的损耗计算公式,在微带特性阻抗为50Ω,工作频率为10GHz时,FR-4和F4B的介质衰减系数分别为0.095 dB/cm和0.0023dB/cm;当微带厚度为18μm,介质材料厚度为0.25mm时,FR-4和F4B的导体衰减系数分别为0.0499dB/cm和0.0357dB/cm。数值计算和仿真结果表明,F4B材料传输线的介质损耗和导体损耗相对较低,是一种较好的介质材料,选择合适的介质材料厚度可保证损耗较低且电路体积不至于过大。     

相结构形成因子统计值对钢中化合物形成的影响

本文根据宏观物理量是微观原子状态统计值的思想,将原子组态最可几值改用统计值代替,利用固体与分子经验电子理论(EET)计算钢中FeS、MnS、TiC(N)、NbC(N)、VC(N)、AlN的相结构形成因子的统计值S′,探讨了各种化合物的S′对钢中组成原子自发凝聚成各种化合物能力的影响.研究发现S′McNS′McC,可以从电子层面合理解释钢在平衡状态下由高温向低温转变时,FeS先于MnS析出,合金碳化物先于合金氮化物析出,在非平衡状态下,析出顺序相反的事实.并成功解释了铁碳相图共晶转变和共析转变各个相的形成顺序.从电子层次得出,在平衡条件下,S′较大的相先形成,在非平衡条件下,S′较小的相先形成.在某一适当冷却速度范围内,S′相差较小的相可以共生,这一冷却速度区间将是S′差值的函数.     

相结构形成因子统计值对钢中化合物形成的影响

本文根据宏观物理量是微观原子状态统计值的思想,将原子组态最可几值改用统计值代替,利用固体与分子经验电子理论(EET)计算钢中FeS、MnS、TiC(N)、NbC(N)、VC(N)、AlN的相结构形成因子的统计值S^',探讨了各种化合物的S^'对钢中组成原子自发凝聚成各种化合物能力的影响。研究发现S_MnS^'相似文献   

稳态损耗因子的衰减法识别研究

根据稳态损耗因子的定义, 推导了含多阶模态的频带稳态损耗因子公式, 得到结论: 稳态损耗因子不一定介于各阶模态损耗因子之间, 而是与各阶模态对振动响应的贡献程度有关. 提出了过程损耗因子的概念, 并给出了利用频带内各模态固有频率、损耗因子和振幅计算过程损耗因子的方法. 当时间趋于无穷时, 过程损耗因子趋于只由最小模态损耗因子贡献的稳态损耗因子. 传统衰减法测试稳态损耗因子在频带内仅有单个模态或模态密集的情况下精度较高, 但对于含有多阶模态且模态不密集的中频带, 采用传统衰减法准确获取稳态损耗因子存在困难. 根据过程损耗因子的特点, 提出了利用时域衰减曲线逐步分离频带内不同衰减特性分量及其响应幅度从而获取稳态损耗因子的方法. 仿真和实验均表明: 提出的利用时域衰减数据获取稳态损耗因子的方法具有很高精度, 可以弥补传统衰减法在中频段损耗因子实验确定中的不足.     

Tuneability amplification factor and loss of high-contrast composites

The problem of tuneability of nonlinear ferroelectric–dielectric composite materials is addressed. Attention is concentrated on the analysis of the tuneability amplification factor, K, of a composite material, which is introduced as the ratio of the effective tuneability of a composite material to the tuneability of its ferroelectric (tuneable) component. Previously, ferroelectric–dielectric composite materials have been designed with an effective tuneability amplification factor slightly greater than 1 (i.e. 1.1–1.4) [A.K. Tagantsev et al., J. Electroceramics 11 (2003) p.5; A.G. Kolpakov et al., J. Electroceramics 18 (2007) p.129]. It is demonstrated that the tuneability amplification factor can take values significantly greater than 1. Numerical prototypes (structural designs integrated with finite element method tools) of microstructures are presented with K in the range 3 to 30. The effective tuneability of nonlinear composite materials strongly depends on the microgeometry and microtopology of the material and, in general, cannot be described in terms of volume fraction of components of composite material. In the designs presented, the increased tuneability is due to concentration of the high electric field in narrow regions with carefully selected geometry. The problem of loss in ferroelectric–dielectric composite materials is discussed. In the general case, the loss tangent stays between that of the components of the composite. For high-contrast ferroelectric–dielectric composite materials, the effective loss tangent is practically equal to the loss tangent of the ferroelectric.     

Dual bands of negative refractive indexes in the planar left-handed metamaterials

A kind of planar left-handed metamaterial (LHM) with unique configurations is demonstrated, which offers an approach in building dual-band negative-index materials. Simulated and experimental results predict two left-handed transmission bands near 11.1 and 14.6 GHz. Dual bands of negative refractive indexes are verified using the retrieval procedure. Field and current distribution at the dual magnetic resonance are also examined. The effective electromagnetic parameters show that by carefully adjusting dimensions of the unit cell, electric and magnetic resonances can be coexistent at some frequency ranges with both negative permittivity and negative permeability. The idea can help us designing planar negative-index materials with multibands.     

Photon mass and negative index of refraction

A mathematical expression is established for negative refractive index within the context of non-zero photon rest-mass. From this expression, a key inequality involving the mass in question as a function of wavelength is derived. In addition, an approximate parabolic relationship for the refractive index is obtained.     

Physical basis for the negative resistance in double heterostructure injection lasers

The previously observed negative resistance in double heterostructure diodes is shown to be caused by a trap generated potential barrier near the heterojunctionnGa_1-x Al _x As−pGaAs. The filling and emplying times were measured by observing the breakdown of the barrier with single and double pulses. Time resolved spectral measurements confirm the model.     

船舶典型结构损耗因子试验及应用研究

损耗因子是衡量系统阻尼特性并决定其振动能量耗散能力的重要参数,对船舶水下噪声预报分析具有重要影响。针对船舶结构特点,选取内底板、舱壁板和甲板等典型结构建立试验模型,基于瞬态衰减法,对船舶典型结构损耗因子进行测试,分析、掌握其特性规律。在此基础上,开展船舶典型结构损耗因子水下噪声预报应用研究,结果表明,损耗因子对船舶水下噪声具有较大影响,进行船舶水下噪声预报时需开展相关损耗因子测试。     

Physical mechanism of negative differential conductance in substrateless metallic carbon nanotubes

The existence of pronounced negative differential conductance at room temperature in suspended metallic carbon nanotubes was recently proven. We investigate here the physical nature of this phenomenon, which is of considerable importance for high-frequency devices, such as oscillators working up to few hundreds of GHz. Besides previous explanations, we find a new physical mechanism that explains the negative differential conductivity at room temperature. The entire suspended metallic carbon nanotube behaves as a very large quantum well, the negative differential conductance occurring due to the depletion of carriers on high-energy resonant levels.     

半波长管传声损失分析

1/4波长管和Herschel-Quincke(HQ)管具有良好消声潜力,在其固有频率附近具有很高的消声量级,为了将这种消声潜力在更小的安装空间内和更宽的频带上发挥出来,设计了一种新的半波长管,通过对多管传声损失理论模型的推导,运用数值计算的方法,分析了传声损失的影响因素并对多分支管模型进行宽频带尺寸设计,最终实现在3...     

Ion beam induced luminescence studies of LiAlO2 using negative ions

Lithium aluminate (LiAlO₂) is the candidate material for solid tritium breeder applied in the developing fusion reactors. The research of its defect behavior under ion irradiation was proceeded in the negative ions induced luminescence setup of the GIC4117 Tandem accelerator in Beijing Normal University. The ion beam induced luminescence (IBIL) measurement was performed by 20 keV H⁻ ions at room temperature. The luminescence spectra showed seven emission bands: the 4.55 eV may due to a self-trapped exciton (STE), the 4.06 eV and the 1.72 eV may due to impurity or intrinsic defect, the 3.54 eV due to F center, the 3.20 eV due to F⁺ center, the 2.93 eV due to F₂ center, the 2.30 eV due to F-center aggregates (F_n center), respectively. The intensity evolutions of each band with fluence were presented and the corresponding mechanisms were discussed.     

Analysis of bend loss in waveguides employing photonic band gap effect

We analyse bend loss properties of a band gap-guided periodic structure, and give reasons for the effects found. In many cases, a tight bend produces only a slight reduction in power transmitted. We also make a comparison of bend losses in conventional waveguides and bend-resistant waveguides.