半导体氮化铟(InN)的晶格振动

本文总结了新型半导体InN薄膜晶格振动研究的现状,主要为Raman散射光谱及部分红外光谱的研究结果。重点内容为InN(包括六方纤锌矿结构和立方闪锌矿结构)的布里渊区中心(Γ点)声子结构、电子激发态(等离子激元)与纵光学声子耦合、无序化激发模和晶格振动模的温度、应力效应等,也涉及部分和InN有关的氮化物合金以及超晶格、量子阱和量子点等结构的晶格振动研究。同时对相关材料和结构的Raman光谱研究作了一些展望。     

ZnSe/ZnS/L-Cys核壳结构量子点光声与表面光伏特性

ZnSe量子点光电子特性的研究对于其微观电子结构探测和应用领域的扩展具有重要的意义.本文结合表面光伏与光声技术以及激光Raman研究了不同回流温度下制备L-半胱氨酸(L-Cys)为配体核壳结构ZnSe量子点的微结构和光声与表面光伏特性.结果发现,具有n-型光伏特性的ZnSe量子点在近紫外到可见光范围内展示出优良的表面光伏性质.尤其在波长为350-550 nm范围内光子能量绝大部分用于产生表面光伏效应,而不是用于无辐射跃迁导致的晶格热振动,同时证实了光声与表面光伏效应之间的能量互补关系.实验指认ZnSe量子点在300-350 nm短波区域出现的光声信号和在1120,1340和1455 cm~(-1)高频区域出现的Raman峰与配体L-Cys的多声子振动模式密切相关.实验结果表明,随着回流温度的降低,ZnSe量子点的平均粒径有减小趋势,这在改善样品的表面效应和小尺寸效应的同时,有利于提高核壳结构ZnSe量子点的光伏转换效率.     

一维晶格振动声子谱的全量子理论和"不变量本征算符"方法

建立一维晶格振动声子谱的全量子理论,其哈密顿量是自动包含了Born-von-Karmann边界条件的环链量子哈密顿量,然后用不变本征算符方法简捷地求出其声子谱.     

一维共聚物链的色散关系研究

研究了一维共聚物链的晶格振动，得到了不同均聚物构型的色散关系，并分析了其振动模的结构特点.调整界面耦合，得到了界面模，其频率位于声频与光频或光频之间的带隙中.从晶格振动的角度分析了共聚物的量子阱或超晶格特征. 关键词： 共聚物 界面耦合 晶格振动     

具有超晶格应力调制结构的绿光InGaN/GaN多量子阱的发光特性

研究了具有InGaN/GaN超晶格(SL)插入结构的绿光InGaN/GaN多量子阱(MQW)的发光特性。结构测试表明,SL插入结构并没有引起MQW中平均In组份的增加,而是改变了In组份的分布,形成了高In组份的量子点和低In组份量子阱。其电致发光(EL)谱和光致发光(PL)谱均出现了双发光峰。我们认为这两个 峰分别来自于量子点和量子阱,且存在着载流子从阱向点转移的输运机制。最后变温PL积分强度的Arrhenius 拟合表明,SL插入结构并没有在MQW中引入新的缺陷,使其发光效率下降。     

P3_121(D_3~4)空间群晶体的Raman谱研究(Ⅰ) 二元系压电晶体用Al_(1—x)Ga_xPO_4的Raman谱

测得了二元系压电晶体磷酸铝镓Al_(1-x)Ga_xPO_4(x=0.12)的Raman谱,与α-ALPO_4晶体的Raman谱相比,声子频率的红移多于蓝移;E类振动的TO和LO模的劈裂明显减少,依据晶格动力学的观点解释了这些特点。     

高压合成立方氮化硼的振动光谱

 本文利用FT-IR和Raman光谱对用不同触媒高压合成的不同颜色立方氮化硼晶格振动的声子吸收和散射进行了研究。获得了较完整的晶格振动信息，并在1 000~1 300 cm^-1范围内，观测到了3个新的振动谱带，其中一个位于1 089 cm^-1， 归属为体TO声子和表面TO声子组合带，另两条513、801 cm^-1推测为杂质诱发吸收带。     

(CdSe)1(ZnSe)3/ZnSe短周期超晶格多量子阱的共振Ramam谱

在(CdSe)₁(ZnSe)₃/ZnSe短周期超晶格多量子阱中,根据一维线性链模型计算的结果与实验结果的比较表明,我们在不同的共振条件下分别观察到了来自多量子阱的阱中和垒中ZnSe限制纵光学声子模的Raman散射。与GaAs/AlAs量子阱的偏振选择定则不同,在共振条件下,我们在两种偏振配置下都观察到了阱中ZnSe限制模LO₁,并认为这种不同可能来源于样品特殊的电子子带结构和光学声子行为。 关键词：     

InN量子点的液滴外延及物性表征

由于1. 55μm波段广泛应用于通信领域,为了探索不同生长温度对InN量子点的形貌影响,并且实现自组装InN量子点在1. 55μm通信波段的发光,对InN量子点的液滴外延及物性进行了相关研究。首先利用射频等离子体辅助分子束外延(PA-MBE)技术在GaN模板上,采用液滴外延方法在3种温度下生长了InN量子点结构。生长过程中靠反射高能电子衍射(RHEED)对样品进行原位监控。原子力显微镜(AFM)表征结果表明随着生长温度升高,量子点尺寸变大,密度减小。在生长温度350℃和400℃下,观测到了量子点;当温度高于450℃时,未观测到InN量子点。当生长温度为400℃时,量子点形貌最好,密度为6×10~8/cm~2,对400℃下生长的InN量子点进行了变温PL测试,成功得到InN量子点在1. 55μm波段附近的光致发光,并且随着测试温度的升高,量子点的发光峰位发生了先红移后蓝移最后又红移的S型曲线变化,这种量子点有望在未来应用于量子通信领域。     

手性单壁碳纳米管声子谱的计算

本文对不同直径的单壁碳纳米管的声子谱进行了计算。利用碳管的对称性对其晶格动力学矩阵进行了约化,给出全部声子的频率以及振动模对称性。详细分析了布里渊区(点声子的频率与管径的依赖关系,总结出一些规律,并对其进行了分析。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.